430 results about "Ceric ammonium nitrate" patented technology

The invention provides a method for making a fuel element for a smoking article comprising forming a combustible carbonaceous material into a fuel element adapted for use in a smoking article; incorporating a metal-containing catalyst precursor into the fuel element or onto the surface thereof to form a treated fuel element, the incorporating step occurring before, during, or after said forming step; and optionally heating or irradiating the treated fuel element at a temperature and for a time sufficient to convert the catalyst precursor to a catalytic metal compound. Examples of metal-containing catalyst precursors include iron nitrate, copper nitrate, cerium nitrate, cerium ammonium nitrate, manganese nitrate, magnesium nitrate, and zinc nitrate. Fuel elements treated according to the invention, and smoking articles including such fuel elements, are also provided.

The invention relates to an etchant composition and an etching method, wherein, the etchant composition comprises any two components of oxidants, acid and salt, and the pH value of the etchant composition is between 1 and 7. The oxidant components are selected from hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate and ceric ammonium nitrate; the acid components are selected from chloric acid, perchlorate, acetic acid, nitric acid, hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid and oxalic acid, and the salt components are selected from ammonium fluoride, ammonium bifluoride, diammonium phosphate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium chloride and perfluorinated octyl sulfanilic acid (C8F17SO3NH4).

The invention discloses a modified cellulose material for adsorbing heavy metal ions and organic pollutants and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: by taking cellulose as a raw material, carrying out alkali activation to obtain alkalized cellulose; by taking ammonium ceric nitrate and azodiisobutyronitrile as composite initiating agents, grafting monomer ethyl 2-cyano-3-ethoxyl acrylate to the alkalized cellulose; carrying out amidoximation modification on the alkalized cellulose by adopting a hydroxylamine solution to prepare the modified cellulose material which contains an amidoxime group and a hydroxylamine oxime group. The preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple preparation process, easiness for operation control and convenience for batch production, and the raw material is low in cost and easy to obtain; in addition, the modified cellulose material disclosed by the invention can be used for adsorbing the heavy metal ions and the organic pollutants which are contained in waste water.

A metal oxide-loaded molecular sieve catalyst comprises pure cryptomelane type manganese dioxide and transition metal. A method for preparing the molecular sieve catalyst comprises the following steps: 1, preparing solution of potassium permanganate; 2, preparing solution of manganese acetate; 3, adding the solution obtained by the step one into a three-neck flask, and heating, condensing and refluxing the solution; 4, adding the solution obtained by the step two into the three-neck flask of the step three, condensing and refluxing the solution, filtering and drying the obtained black pasty sediment, and roasting the sediment to obtain an octahedral manganese oxide molecular sieve catalyst (OMS-2) solid; 5, adding cerium ammonium nitrate, cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, copper nitrate trihydrate, ferric nitrate nonahydrate or yttrium nitrate into deionized water to form solution; and 6, mixing the solid taken from the step four and the solution in the step five, soaking cerium on the octahedral manganese oxide molecular sieve catalyst (OMS-2) solid, and drying and roasting the obtained solid to obtain the metal oxide-loaded molecular sieve catalyst. The metal oxide-loaded molecular sieve catalyst has the characteristics of high purification efficiency, low price and good thermal stability.

The invention belongs to the technical field of polymeric flocculant synthesis, and concretely relates to a preparation and an application of a flocculant suitable for sewage treatment. The flocculant can be used for the sewage treatment field. The preparation of the flocculant is characterized in that a final product which is konjak grafted xanthate is obtained through an epichlorohydrin crosslinking-acrylamide grafting-xanthation three-step process carried out on konjak powder which is a raw material. The preparation method of the flocculant concretely comprises the following steps: adding the konjak powder and distilled water into a three-necked bottle having a stirring and condensing device to form a reaction system; adding epichlorohydrin to the reaction system, and continuously stirring; adjusting the temperature of the reaction system under the protection of nitrogen, and adding ceric ammonium nitrate to the reaction system; adding acrylamide; adding sodium hydroxide and carbon disulfide to make reaction products be saffron in color; and adjusting the pH of the obtained reaction product solution to 7, repeatedly washing with ethanol, carrying out vacuum dying of crude products, crushing, and sieving to obtain the polymeric flocculant. The first regeneration desorption rate of the polymeric flocculant can reach 96%, and the copper ion removal rate of the polymeric flocculant can reach above 80%.

The invention discloses a low-temperature preparation method of ceria nano-crystalline microsphere of graduation structure. The non-aqueous system low-temperature preparation method is used and cerium chloride, ammonium ceric nitrate, cerium nitrate or cerium sulfate is used as the precursor and benzyl alcohol is used as solvent and surfactant and the raw materials react for a certain time in oil-bath heating condition to obtain the ceria nano-crystalline microsphere powder of graduation structure. The prepared ceria has three-dimensional graduation spheroidal structure. The ceria nano-crystalline microsphere powder of graduation structure can quickly and effectively absorb the inorganic and organic pollutant in waste water at room temperature with very high absorption capacity. The low-temperature preparation method has features of simple technology, low cost, friendly environment, high yield, accordance with the practical production requirement.

The invention discloses a preparation method of amphoteric cellulose material. The method includes: performing alkali pretreatment on cellulose to obtain alkali cellulose and achieve hydroxyl activation, using 3-chloro-2 hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride as etherifying agent to perform quaternization modification on the alkali cellulose to obtain quaternized cellulose, using ceric ammonium nitrate as initiator and monomer 2-acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid to perform sulphonation on the quaternized cellulose so as to achieve amphoterism of the cellulose. Preparation conditions are mild, the process is simple, operation is convenient, scaling is easy, the method has promising industrial popularization prospect, and products have high adsorption capacity, can be applied to the fields such as treatment of heavy metal ion waste water and treatment of organic waste water and can also be used as functional carriers of other materials.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a modified elm bark flocculant. The preparation method comprises the following steps: drying elm bark, grinding, and screening through a 50-mesh screen to get elm bark fine powder; and further using 85% alcohol to moisten, then adding strong base, performing alkalization at the temperature of 30-50 DEG C for 0.5-2.5 hours, then adding monochloroacetic acid, performing etherification at the temperature of 40-70 DEG C for 0.5-3 hours, further adding ammonium ceric nitrate and acrylamide, performing polymerization at the temperature of 50-70 DEG Cfor 1-3 hours to prepare an elm bark flocculant crude product, finally performing reduced pressure distillation and recovering the alcohol to get the modified elm bark flocculant, wherein the weight ratio of elm bark fine powder to alcohol to strong base to monochloroacetic acid to ammonium ceric nitrate to acrylamide is 1:(0.5-2.5):(0.5-5):(0.1-1):(0.001-0.0001):(0.1-1). The flocculant is low inproduction cost and biodegradable, and can prevent secondary pollution of an environment; compared with a like product, the using amount is low, and the flocculant is suitable for various types of water quality and particularly suitable for treatment of domestic sewage with high mud content, landfill leachate, back purge effluent and mud discharged from various sedimentation tanks.

Disclosed are an anti-bacterial transparent hydrogel and the preparation method. The hydrogel is a copolymer grafted on polyacrylic acid and/or acrylamide super absorbent resin by chitosan, wherein, the content of chitosan is 3% to 5% of the total weight of the hydrogel. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) the polyacrylic acid and/or the acrylamide super absorbent resin are synthesized; (2) ceric ammonium nitrate is dissolved in chitosan aqueous solution; (3) the polyacrylic acid and/or the acrylamide super absorbent resin are submerged into the chitosan solution; (4) at a temperature of 30 to 95 DEG C, the polyacrylic acid and/or the acrylamide super absorbent resin having absorbed the chitosan solution which contains ceric ammonium nitrate are put into an infrared radiation box to initiate polymerization so as to obtain the copolymer; (5) the copolymer is then leached with deionized water and trichloromethane, so as to obtain the anti-bacterial transparent biological hydrogel. The hydrogel is provided with good water retain performance and certain anti-bacterial property, which has good development prospect as soft touch glasses.

The invention discloses a nano adsorbent for removing arsenic, stibium and fluorin in wastewater as well as a preparation method and regeneration method of the nano adsorbent, belonging to the technical field of wastewater treatment. The nano adsorbent is prepared by pretreating macroporous cation exchange resin with a conventional method for acid and alkali treatment on new resin at first, and then sequentially carrying out the following processes of: soaking by using ammonium ceric nitrate and a ferrate solution; performing soaking restoration by using a mixed solution containing ferrite and hydrochloric acid; soaking by using a sodium hydroxide solution, and then performing chemical reaction inside a macroporous resin material to generate nano ferric oxide hydrate and ceric oxide hydrate precipitate particles; and drying and dehydrating for 3 hours at 50 DEG C to obtain an adsorbent loaded with nano ferric oxide hydrate and ceric oxide hydrate. The adsorbent disclosed by the invention can be used for eliminating ions including arsenic, stibium, fluorin and the like in heavy metal wastewater and has good selectivity, and the adsorbent loaded with the nano ferric oxide hydrate and ceric oxide hydrate can be regenerated for use after adsorption saturation.

The invention relates to an ultra-high molecular weight anion biological polysaccharide grafted copolymer and a preparation method thereof. The anion biological polysaccharide grafted copolymer of which the molecular weight is 3-50 million is ultimately prepared by taking non-ionic biological polysaccharide which is already produced in large scale and has the ultra-high molecular weight of 2-30 million as a raw material, alkenyl amide, alkenyl carboxylic acid (carboxylate) and alkenyl sulfonic acid (sulfonate) as reaction monomers and one of ammonium persulfate/sodium hydrogen sulfite, azo diisobutyl amidine or ceric ammonium nitrate as an initiator in a solution free radial polymerization manner. The ultra-high molecular weight anion biological polysaccharide grafted copolymer is simple in production process, easy to control, high in molecular weight, biodegradable, excellent in property and wide in application range, and has very high application values and wide market prospect.

The invention relates to a modified starch-chitosan copolymer flocculating agent and a preparation method thereof. The flocculating agent and the method are characterized in that: modified starch and chitosan are adopted as raw materials; ammonium cerium nitrate is adopted as an initiator; and the modified starch/chitosan copolymer flocculating agent is synthesized under an alkaline condition. In the steps, the mass ratio of the modified starch to chitosan is (1-4):1, the reaction temperature is 45-90 DEG C, a reaction time is 12-16h, and the initiator accounts for 0.1-1% of a total mass of the system. With the method provided by the invention, the prepared modified starch/chitosan copolymer flocculating agent is highly efficient, cheap, and environment-friendly. With the modified starch/chitosan copolymer flocculating agent, heavy metal ions can be removed. Compared with common flocculating agents, aiming at different sewages, wastewater decolourization rate, wastewater turbidity removal rate, and heavy metal removal rate are higher than 99% with a small dosage.

The invention relates to an antitoxic regeneration solution of a deactivated SCR denitration catalyst, and a preparation method thereof. The antitoxic regeneration solution comprises an active replenisher, an antitoxic modification liquid, and an additive component. The active replenisher comprises ammonium metavanadate, ammonium tungstate, and acid liquid. The antitoxic modification liquid comprises germanium nitrate, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, and ammonium cerium nitrate. The additive component comprises a penetrating agent, a dispersing agent, and an adhesive. According to the invention, the prepared active replenisher, antitoxic modification liquid, and additive component are well mixed according to a certain weight ratio, such that an antitoxic regeneration solution is obtained. The solution and the preparation method provided by the invention have the advantages that: the deactivated catalyst is pickled, and active components are simultaneously replenished, such that catalyst denitrification efficiency is recovered to above 90%. With the existence of the antitoxic component, the antitoxic performance of the catalyst is substantially improved, such that catalyst arsenic, sulfur and alkali metal toxic effects can be effectively relieved, and service life of the catalyst after regeneration is prolonged.

The invention provides a method for preparing a metal oxide-carbon composite materials, which comprises the following steps: adding a wetting agent ethanol to tungstate or molybdate or cerium ammonirm nitrate and conductive carbon black, grinding for 0.5 to 2 hours, and drying at 60DEG C for 8 to 12h; evenly mixing the dried solid, and intermittently heating in a microwave oven, wherein the heating time is 5 to 20s, the intermittent time is 10 to 30s, and the heating is repeated for 3 to 10 times; and washing and drying the heated mixture to obtain the MOx/C composite materials with different ratios, wherein the M is tungsten, molybdenum or cerium, and the mass content of the MOx is 5 to 50 percent. The metal oxide-carbon composite materials are prepared by a microwave-thermal decomposition process, the method is simple and convenient, the oxide has small grain diameter (about 10nm), and grains are distributed evenly. After the series composite materials serve as carriers to load noble metals, the noble metal loading capacity is reduced, the dispersity of the noble metals is improved, and a catalyst has more Pt and MOx contact interfaces and stronger interaction, and shows high activity and stability in methanol or ethanol electrocatalytic oxidation.

The invention discloses a preparing method for a large-area metal nanometer needle-tip array on a flexible substrate. The preparing method includes the following steps that (1) a metal chromium film is evaporated on the silicon slice substrate and coated with photoresist in a spinning mode; (2) a photoresist pattern with a hole array is prepared with the exposing-developing-fixing technology; (3) the portion, which is not protected by the photoresist pattern, of the metal chromium film is removed with ceric ammonium nitrate, and the surface of the silicon substrate at the bottom is exposed; (4) a silicon slice sample is etched with an alkali solution, and an inverted-pyramid silicon hole array is obtained; (5) a metal film is deposited on the surface of the sample, and a chromium metal layer and the deposited metal film on the surface of a silicon slice are removed in a stuck mode through adhesive tape; (6) the surface of the silicon slice is poured with a flexible soft mold material, the sample is corroded with an alkali solution, and finally the large-scale metal nanometer needle-tip array on the flexible substrate is obtained. The preparing method for the large-area metal nanometer needle-tip array on the flexible substrate has the advantages of being large in scale, low in cost and good in performance.

A substrate with a light-shielding film according to one mode of the invention is obtained in a method of manufacture of a substrate with a light-shielding film having a light-shielding film pattern formed on a substrate, by depositing in order a first film having chromium oxide and a second film having chromium on a substrate, to form a multilayer film; forming a resist pattern on the multilayer film; performing etching of the multilayer film, using an etching liquid comprising ceric ammonium nitrate to which nitric acid is added at a concentration of at least 2.5 mol/liter, to form a light-shielding film pattern; and removing the resist pattern.

The invention discloses a biological organic fertilizer prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of dry chicken manure, 40-45 parts of castor pomace hulls, 10-12 parts of peanut shells, 30-34 parts of cotton seed hulls, 20-24 parts of xylitol dregs, 10-12 parts of castor pomace, 30-34 parts of apple pomace, 20-23 parts of biogas residues, 20-23 parts of grass carbon, 10-12 parts of shell powder, 50-55 parts of urea, 30-34 parts of potassium sulphate, 24-28 parts of ammonium chloride, 12-14 parts of zinc sulfate, 6-8 parts of ammonium molybdate, 2-3 parts of ceric ammonium nitrate, 3-4 parts of EM (Effective Microorganisms) preparation, 4-6 parts of coating agent and a proper quantity of water. The fertilizer disclosed by the invention is reasonable in formula, balanced in nutrient, safe, pollution-free and capable of meeting the requirement for nutrients required by plant growth through the effective combination of an organic fertilizer, medium trace elements and a quick-acting inorganic fertilizer; and meanwhile, the biological organic fertilizer is also provided with the grass carbon and the shell powder which both take the effects of improving the soil and slowly releasing the fertilizer efficiency. The fertilizer disclosed by the invention can be used for increasing the utilization ratio of the fertilizer, prolonging the fertilization time and reducing the application amount of the fertilizer and can also be used for increasing the yield of crops, keeping the quality of plants safe, reducing the pollution of chemical fertilizers, protecting the ecological environment and promoting the modern agricultural production.

The invention relates to a high-selectivity flocculating agent for separating hematite and a preparation method thereof. The flocculating agent comprises starch, sodium hydroxide, acrylamide, an initiating agent and a solvent in parts by weight. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: adding the starch and distilled water in parts by weight into a four-port flask, and introducing nitrogen for gelatinization; then, adding the sodium hydroxide to causticize the starch, adding cerium ammonirm nitrate for carrying out nitric acid reaction, adding acrylamide for reaction, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a graft copolymer; transferring the graft copolymer, adding anhydrous acetone, stirring, filtering, and drying the graft copolymer to constant weight in a vacuum drying oven; taking out the dried graft copolymer, refluxing with a mixture solvent of acetic acid and ethylene glycol to constant weight, and drying precipitate; and finally, drying filtrate to obtain pure finished flocculating agent. Shown by tests and calculation, the maximum adsorption capacity of the flocculating agent on the surface of hematite can reach 52 percent. The flocculating agent has high selectivity to hematite.

The present invention relates to a modified starch flucculant which has an adjustable cationic degree, has dual functions of agglomeration and flocculation and is used for fine particles, and a synthesizing method thereof. The flucculant uses corn, tuber crops and other soluble starch as backing material. Under the function of ammonium ceric nitrate/nitrate initiator, the methacrylatoethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride and acrylamide are respectively grafted on the molecular chain of starch through aqueous solution polymerization for synthesizing a cationic degree adjustable dual-function type starch flocculant. The starch flocculant of the invention has the advantages of adjustable cationic degree, capacity for simultaneously exerting the dual functions of charge neutralization and flocculation bridging, simple technique, short reaction period, moderate synthesizing condition and high grafting efficiency. Furthermore the starch flocculant of the invention has the characteristics of high flocculating setting speed, high light transmittance of supernate, degradable capability, low price, innocuity, etc. The starch flucculant can be widely used for the waste water disposal and sludge dewatering with high fine particle content in the industries of papermaking, dyeing and printing, coal floatation, petrifaction, etc.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a sewage flocculating agent capable of adsorbing heavy metal ions. The method comprises the following steps of: preparing cross-linked starch from starch, epoxy chloropropane, a 1% sodium chloride water solution and 15% sodium hydroxide; and adding the cross-linked starch into a reactor, adding water into the cross-linked starch and stirring to form slurry, introducing nitrogen for 8-12 min, adding an initiator and ammonium cerium nitrate to be stirred, then, adding acrylonitrile to react for 1-1.5 h, adding 1% of sodium hydroxide, adjusting the temperature to 55-70 DEG C, stirring for 1-2 h, cooling to room temperature, finally, adjusting pH to be 6.5 by using 2-4% hydrochloric acid, filtering, and washing and drying to obtain a finished product. The method disclosed by the invention is low in cost and convenient to use. The sewage flocculating agent is capable of rapidly adsorbing and flocculating impurities and pollutants in sewage, in particular heavy metal ions, so that formed large flocculates rapidly sink, thus, the sewage is purified.

The invention relates to a synthetic method of visible light catalytic 2-imine thiazoline derivatives. The synthetic method comprises: in a reaction solvent, by using saturated aziridine as shown in a formula (II) and an isothiocyanate compound as shown in a formula (III) as raw materials, under the conditions of nitrogen protection and lighting and under the action of a photocatalyst and an oxidizing agent, performing a reaction to obtain the 2-imine thiazoline derivatives as shown in a formula (I); the photocatalyst is selected from any one of the followings: Ru(bpy)3(BF4)2, Ru(bpy)3Cl2.6H2O, Ru(bpy)3(PF6)2, Ir(ppy)3, [Ir(ppy)2bpy]BF4, [Ir(ppy)2bpy]PF6, Ru(bpz)3(PF6)2, Ir[dF(CF3)ppy]2(dtbbpy)PF6 and eosinY; the oxidizing agent is selected from any one of the followings: phenyl diazonium tetrafluoroborate, ceric ammonium nitrate, 1-(chloromethyl)-4-fluoro-1,4-diazoniabicyclo2.2.2octane bis(tetra fluoroborate). The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of mild reaction condition, wide substrate range, greenness, environmental-friendliness, high atom economy, step economy and the like. The formulas are shown in the description.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a straw-based high-water-absorption resin with a semi-interpenetrating network structure. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: based on wheat straw as a raw material, acrylic acid as a monomer, and polyvinyl alcohol as a crosslinked polymer, carrying out graft copolymerization under the effect of potassium persulfate, ammonium ceric nitrate, sodium sulfite composite initiator and cross-linking agent to form into a three-dimensional network polymer, and interpenetrating with crosslinked polymer polyvinyl alcohol to obtain the high-water-absorption resin with the semi-interpenetrating network structure. The high-water-absorption resin prepared by the method is very good in liquid absorbency and salt resistance, high in strength, low in cost, and simple and convenient in production process, thereby being widely applicable to agricultural water conservation.

The invention relates to a method for preparing an amphoteric chitosan flocculating agent. The method comprises the following steps that: chitosan is dissolved in an acrylic aqueous solution with a mass percentage concentration of between 0.1 and 1 percent so as to prepare a solution with a mass percentage concentration of chitosan of between 1 and 3 percent; the acquired solution is added with an ammonium ceric nitrate evocating agent, and is added with acrylamide; a mass ratio of the acrylamide to the chitosan is 1 to 1-8 to 1; and a mixture reacts for 2 to 4 hours at a temperature of between 45 and 65 DEG C, thereby preparing the amphoteric chitosan flocculating agent. The amphoteric chitosan flocculating agent prepared by the preparation method has the dual characteristics of having anionic groups and cationic groups, is suitable for processing a water body with different charges, has good salt resistance and wide application range and can be used both in an acid medium and an alkali medium. The method has simple operation, short synthetic time and low cost, uses natural macromolecular products with rich sources as main raw materials and is suitable for large industrialized production; and the method is an economic method for preparing and acquiring a high-quality water treatment agent.