This invention discloses a lightweight star catalog target detection method and
system. The method includes: constructing a student model, which employs a lightweight feature extractor and a
Transformer decoder with width and depth
pruning; constructing a teacher model, which employs an un-lightweight feature extractor and a
Transformer decoder without width and depth
pruning; adjusting the parameters of the teacher and student models, calculating the value of the
loss function, stopping the iteration when the value of the
loss function is minimized, and obtaining trained teacher and student models; and using the trained student model to perform lightweight star catalog target detection. The advantages of this invention are: lightweight, low computational complexity, and the ability to achieve 3D position detection of star catalog targets.