The invention discloses a shield station-crossing construction method capable of achieving layered backfill in a small and narrow vertical shaft. The method of layered backfill is adopted to form soilwith certain strength, a shield tunneling machine can simulate a normal strata for tunneling during station crossing, on the first layer, a hard backfill material is backfilled, it is ensured that the backfill material has the enough bearing force, the too large sinking generated by self weight during station crossing of the shield tunneling machine is prevented, on the second layer, an originalsoil layer is backfilled, the phenomenon that during station-crossing propelling of the shield tunneling machine, too large resistance is generated, and a pipe segment is structurally damaged is avoided, a cement pile in the backfill soil increases the shield body torque resistance during tunneling of the shield tunneling machine, and the tunneling posture of the shield tunneling machine can be ensured. The method greatly reduces receiving and starting risks during shield station crossing, the hole door water burst sand burst ground collapse risk can be avoided, shield concrete guide platformconstruction, hole door water stop device mounting and an end reinforcing grouting material can be reduced, meanwhile, the time for mounting of a guide platform and other station-crossing materials inthe small and narrow vertical shaft can be omitted, and the shield construction proceed can be improved.