The invention relates to a state estimation data correction system and method for improving the accuracy. The state estimation data correction system comprises a data correction system body, a real-time database, a dynamic monitoring system, a data acquisition and monitoring control system, an electric energy acquisition system, a power transmission and transformation on-line monitoring system, a commanding platform and a dynamic management system. The state estimation data correction method includes the steps of updating a data structure of a bad data list, updating the bad data list, finding data in associated information I, marking the information I as x1, x2, x3 and x4, conducting judgment processing, considering values in the bad data list as accurate measurement values to be returned, conducting conventional state estimation, finding associated information II, and adding data in the associated information II to explanation field data of distinguishing results of the bad data list. According to the state estimation data correction system and method, the state estimation accuracy is improved, and the defect that data are invalid is avoided.