The invention discloses a remote electricity larceny prevention alarm system for a distribution box. The remote electricity larceny prevention alarm system comprises a distribution metering box, a key disk, a main controller, an unpacking detection module, an alarm module, a GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) short message module, a power supply module, a filter module, a network alarm receiving center and a mobile short message gateway, and is characterized by further comprising a power outage detection module, a key identification module, an anti-control power failure module, a stroke switch monitoring module and an audio monitoring module, wherein the unpacking detection module, the alarm module, the GSM short message module, the power outage detection module, the key identification module, the anti-control power failure module and the audio monitoring module are connected with the main controller, and the GSM short message module realizes the alarm and control to the network alarm receiving center through the mobile short message gateway; the power supply module is processed by the filter module and then supplies power to each module. The remote electricity larceny prevention alarm system provided by the invention is reasonable in design, and can only be opened by the specially authorized key disk, otherwise the system can report an illegal opening alarm to the center, so that the electricity larceny phenomena is effectively prevented.