The invention discloses an automatic irrigation system and method used for wild rice stem planting. The system comprises a box body, a solar power generation device, an irrigation mechanism and pesticide spraying mechanisms. A control box is arranged in the box body, a waterproof plate is arranged in the control box, a control system is arranged above the waterproof plate, and a water diversion mechanism is arranged below the waterproof plate and comprises a water divider and a water intake pipe. Irrigation devices are arranged on the two sides of the box body, the pesticide spraying mechanisms are also arranged on the two sides of the box body, the irrigation devices comprise water diversion pipes, water conveying pipes and water penetration pipes, a horizontal guide pipe is arranged between the two water conveying pipes on the same side of the box, and the pesticide spraying mechanisms are arranged on the horizontal guide pipes. The automatic irrigation method comprises the steps of ridge reinforcing construction, construction of the box body and the generation device, construction of the irrigation mechanism, installation of the pesticide spraying mechanisms, trial operation of the automatic irrigation system and equipment maintenance. By means of the irrigation method, water is convenient and efficient to take, the irrigation cost is reduced, use and maintenance are convenient, meanwhile, automatic control can be achieved, and the labor intensity of manual operation is reduced.