319 results about "Post polymerization" patented technology

Thermoset polymer particles are used in many applications requiring lightweight particles possessing high stiffness, strength, temperature resistance, and/or resistance to aggressive environments. The present invention relates to the use of two different methods, either each by itself or in combination, to enhance the stiffness, strength, maximum possible use temperature, and environmental resistance of such particles. One method is the application of post-polymerization process steps (and especially heat treatment) to advance the curing reaction and to thus obtain a more densely crosslinked polymer network. In general, its main benefits are the enhancement of the maximum possible use temperature and the environmental resistance. The other method is the incorporation of nanofillers, resulting in a heterogeneous “nanocomposite” morphology. In general, its main benefits are increased stiffness and strength. Nanofiller incorporation and post-polymerization heat treatment can also be combined to obtain the benefits of both methods simultaneously. The present invention relates to the development of thermoset nanocomposite particles. It also relates to the optional further improvement of the heat resistance and environmental resistance of said particles via post-polymerization heat treatment. Furthermore, it also relates to processes for the manufacture of said particles. Finally, it also relates to the use of said particles in the construction, drilling, completion and/or fracture stimulation of oil and natural gas wells; for example, as a proppant partial monolayer, a proppant pack, an integral component of a gravel pack completion, a ball bearing, a solid lubricant, a drilling mud constituent, and/or a cement additive.

A grafting reagent and related method of using the reagent to form a polymeric layer on a support surface, and particularly a porous support surface, in a manner that provides and/or preserves desired properties (such as porosity) of the surface. The reagent and method can be used to provide a thin, conformable, uniform, uncrosslinked coating having desired properties onto the surface of a preformed, and particularly a porous, polymeric substrate. The method includes the steps of a) providing a porous support surface, b) providing a nonpolymeric grafting reagent comprising a photoinitator group, c) providing one or more polymerizable monomers adapted to be contacted with the surface, in the presence of the grafting reagent, and to be polymerized upon activation of the photoinitiator; and d) applying the grafting reagent and monomer(s) to the surface in a manner, and under conditions, suitable to coat the surface with the grafting reagent and to cause the polymerization of monomers to the surface upon activation of the grafting reagent.

A plurality of releasably loaded elastomeric microspheres comprising a plurality of elastomeric microspheres loaded with at least one releasable agriculturally active agent within the optical boundaries of the elastomeric microspheres and post-polymerization addition and in-situ polymerization processes for preparing the releasably loaded elastomeric microspheres are also provided.

A method of making a new type of biomaterials, biodegrable crosslinked urethane-containing polyester (CUPE) elastomers and a scaffold-sheet engineering method for tissue engineering applications is provided. CUPEs can be synthesized by forming a linear pre-polymer, which is a polyester, introducing the urethane bonds into polyester using a diisocyanate as a linker, and crosslinking the resulting urethane containing linear polymers to form CUPEs via post-polymerization. This family of polymers, CUPEs, exhibit excellent biocompatibility with desired degradation. Tissue engineering scaffolds made of CUPEs are soft and elastic, and have good mechanical strength. Complex tissue grafts can be constructed by a novel layer-by-layer (LBL) scaffold-sheet engineering design using CUPE sheets. CUPE scaffolds can provide openings for cell to cell communication across scaffold layers and angiogenesis into the depth of the construct. Biomolecules, such as anticoagulants, can be incorporated into the CUPE polymers, increasing their viability as vascular graft scaffolds.

A delivery system for delivering an anti-microbial agent to a surface in a time release manner. The delivery system includes one or more polymeric particles (e.g., microspheres, core/shell particles, latexes, porogens, cryogenically ground beads, condensation polymer particles, flakes, etc.) and at least anti-microbial agent attached thereto. The anti-microbial agents may or may not be soluble in the polymeric particle or in the monomeric precursor used to make the polymeric particle. The anti-microbial agent can be incorporated into the microsphere using either a post polymerization addition process or an in situ addition process. The delivery system can be fashioned to provide characteristics that are application specific. Examples of such delivery systems include but are not limited to substrates (such as tapes, sheets of material and the like) coated with the releasably loaded polymeric particles, sprayable dispersions or suspensions of these polymeric particles and the like.

Disclosed are crystalline polyphosphonates and a method to induce crystallization. These crystalline polyphosphonates exhibit a unique and advantageous combination of properties, allowing for solid state post polymerization reactions and solid state dry mixing with other polymers. Also disclosed are polymer compositions that comprise these polyphosphonates and at least one other polymer, wherein the resulting polymer compositions exhibit flame retardant properties. Further disclosed are articles of manufacture produced from these crystalline polyphosphonates and polymer compositions, such as fibers, films, coated substrates, moldings, foams, fiber-reinforced articles, or any combination thereof.

A composition for use in an organic device, useful in producing an organic device, such as an organic electroluminescent element, having high operation stability, is a composition for use in an organic device that contains at least two cross-linking compounds, at least two of the cross-linking compounds having different numbers of cross-linking groups. A polymer film produced by forming a film of the composition for use in an organic device and then polymerizing the cross-linking compounds. An organic electroluminescent element that includes an anode and a cathode on a substrate and at least one organic layer disposed between the anode and the cathode, wherein at least one of the at least one organic layer is a layer that is produced by forming a film of the composition for use in an organic device and then polymerizing the cross-linking compounds.

The invention provides application of temperature-sensitive hydrogel in improvement of the anti-dry-shrinkage cracking property of concrete. The concrete is prepared from the temperature-sensitive hydrogel, cement, aggregates and water. A preparation method of the concrete comprises the steps that firstly, the temperature-sensitive hydrogel is prepared; secondly, the aggregates and the water are blended to be uniform; lastly, the temperature-sensitive hydrogel and the water are added, the materials are blended to be uniform, and then the concrete can be prepared. The adopted homemade temperature-sensitive hydrogel is lightly-crosslinked macromolecules which can be polymerized to form a film after releasing water, no hole can be reserved in the cement concrete, and other properties of the cement concrete are not affected while the anti-cracking property of the concrete is improved. The initial volume water content of the concrete is increased along with increasing of the mixing amount of the temperature-sensitive hydrogel, and it is shown that the water storage capacity of the concrete is enhanced by mixing the temperature-sensitive hydrogel; the water absorption rate of the concrete is decreased along with increasing of the mixing amount of the temperature-sensitive hydrogel, and it is shown that the connectivity of capillary pores in the concrete is reduced by mixing the temperature-sensitive hydrogel.

Fluorinated comb co-polymers have a main chain including a semi-rigid hydrophobic fluorinated poly(ether) backbone and comb segments in the form of flexible and monodisperse side chains that are more hydrophilic than the backbone. The side chains may be hydrophilic polymeric chains obtained from “living-type” polymerization, for example polymethacrylates, polyethylene oxides, polystyrenes. Hydrophilic functionality, for example, ionic groups may be selectively introduced onto the side chain post polymerization. The side chain may be sulfonated α-methyl polystyrene. Such polymers are useful in proton exchange membranes.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a conductive hydrogel capable of slowly releasing drugs and factors. The preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1, a conductive macromolecular monomer solution is prepared, an oxidant is added, and after sufficient reaction, a conductive macromolecular polymer is obtained; step 2, a concentrated aqueous dopamine solution is prepared, the conductive macromolecular polymer obtained in step 1 is added, and after sufficient reaction, a polydopamine/conductive macromolecular polymer compound is obtained; step 3, a metalion salt solution and an organic ligand solution are prepared; step 4, the polydopamine/conductive macromolecular polymer compound is added into the metal ion salt solution, and after uniform mixing,the organic ligand solution is added; and reaction is sufficiently carried out; step 5, the metal-organic framework/polydopamine/conductive macromolecular polymer compound is added into a monomer ordouble-bond biomacromolecular solution; and after additive is added, the needed hydrogel is formed by polymerization. The conductive hydrogel has excellent conductivity and electrochemical activity, and can be used in the preparation of drug carriers and biological electrodes.

The invention discloses a novel long carbon chain fused ring semi-aromatic nylon PA12N and a method for synthesizing the same. The structural formula is as shown, wherein, n is equal to 2 to 200. The novel long carbon chain fused ring semi-aromatic nylon PA12N takes the long carbon chain aliphatic diamine 1, 12-twelve carbon diamine and fused ring aromatic serials dibasic acid 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid as raw materials and is made by the processes of salifying, prepolymerizing and polymerizing after solid phase. The technique has low energy consumption and protects the environment; the PA12N produced by the technique has good performance and is easy to process to form; and the technique has good market potential particularly in the industries such as electronics, appliances and automobiles.

The invention relates to a catalyst for ternary polymerization of norbornene, maleic anhydride and vinyl acetate and a ternary polymerization method. The catalyst is characterized by being prepared by a method comprising the following steps: dissolving tri(cyclopentadienyl) neodymium, titanium tetrachloride and a ligand compound in a solvent in a dry single-opening glass bottle in an inert gas atmosphere, and sealing the opening of the bottle by using a latex tube, so as to obtain a titanium complex catalyst. Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a novel titanium complex catalyst and a ternary polymerization method using the same, the preparation method is simple, the titanium complex catalyst can generate catalytic activity in a nitrogen protection system at 40-90 DEG C to catalyze ternary polymerization of norbornene, maleic anhydride and vinyl acetate, and after being soaked in methanol, a polymerization product can be easily washed and separated; the catalyst has the characteristics of high yield, low reaction temperature, low price, availability, high catalytic efficiency and the like.

The invention discloses a nylon 6/plant fiber composite material and a preparation method thereof. The composite material is prepared and obtained by in-situ polymerization of the following components in part by weight: 100 parts of Epsilon-caprolactam, 0.2-1.5 parts of plant fibers, 0.3-0.8 part of catalyst, 0.3-1 part of cocatalyst, 0.5-3 parts of activators and 2-10 parts of water. The preparation method of the nylon 6/plant fiber composite material comprises the following steps: melting the monomer Epsilon-caprolactam, uniformly agitating and mixing with the plant fiber, the catalysts, the cocatalyst, the activator and the water and singly dispersing the plant fibers in the molten Epsilon-caprolactam, adding into a reaction vessel for reaction and preparing the nylon 6/plant fiber composite material with excellent performance through the processes of prepolymeriazation, nitrogen introduction, water removal and post polymerization.