The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical devices, especially to a double-positive-pressure adjusting device for surgical breathing equipment. The device comprises: a first connectingpipe and a mounting ring, wherein an annular step surface is arranged in one end of the first connecting pipe, an annular groove is formed in the inner side of the first connecting pipe, an adjustingring is embedded in the annular groove, the adjusting ring is attached to the side wall, protruding relative to the annular step surface, of the end of the first connecting pipe, and a first circulation channel and a second circulation channel are correspondingly formed in the adjusting ring and the side wall; and the mounting ring is mounted at one end of the first connecting pipe, the adjustingring is limited in the annular groove after connection, at least two supports connected with two ends of the inner wall of the mounting ring are arranged in the mounting ring, the supports are arranged in an intersecting mode, filter screens are arranged in gaps, fan-shaped cover bodies capable of being folded and closed are arranged at the tops of the filter screens, and opening and closing of the fan-shaped cover bodies are achieved in the rotating process of the adjustment ring. According to the invention, two different positive pressure values are effectively provided, and the device is high in inclusivity to gas, capable of realizing effective filtration of gas flow and has extremely high safety.