The invention relates to a catalyst for preparing butene/butadiene by dehydrogenation of butane and an application of the catalyst, and mainly solves the problems of low butane conversion rate, and poor single-pass stability and regeneration stability in conventional preparation technologies. According to the invention, firstly, zirconia, chromium oxide and oxides of at least one element selectedfrom a group consisting of IIIA, IVA, VA and IIB in the periodic table of elements are introduced into an aluminum oxide carrier by a dry mixing method to obtain a composite metal-oxide carrier; thenthe loading of iridium (Ir) and ruthenium (Ru) components is performed by an impregnation method, that is, water solutions of soluble salts of iridium (Ir) and ruthenium (Ru) are employed for impregnation; and the catalyst is obtained after drying and calcination. The problems are well solved with the technical scheme that n-butane is used as a raw material, under the conditions that the reactiontemperature is in a range of 530-650 DEG C, the reaction pressure is in a range of 0.1-0.4 MPa, the mass space velocity of the n-butane is in a range of 0.1-6.0 h<-1>, and the volume ratio of H<2>O toC<n>H<2n+2> is in a range of 0.1-16, the raw material contacts with the catalyst and reacts to form the butene/butadiene. The technical scheme can be used in the industrial preparation of the catalyst for preparing butene/butadiene by the dehydrogenation of n-butane.