The invention relates to an environment-friendly cleaning agent containing orange oil and a preparation method of the environment-friendly cleaning agent. The cleaning agent consists of the following ingredients in parts by weight: 20 to 30 parts of orange oil, 30 to 50 parts of lauryl sodium sulfate, 10 to 20 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 10 to 20 parts of alkyl glycoside, 10 to 20 parts of ethanol and 100 parts of deionized water. The cleaning agent provided by the invention is characterized in that the orange oil containing more than 80 percent of limonene is used as major ingredients to be compounded with various kinds of surfactants, the cleaning agent has low surface tension, has fragrance and sterilization effects and can effectively remove organic oil stain withoutcorroding the surface of a cleaned object, and in addition, the orange oil is refined and extracted from natural plant orange peels, so the orange oil is harmless to the environment and the human body health, in addition, the biodegradation can be realized, in addition, non-combustion and nonexplosive performance is realized, the use is very safe, and the cleaning agent can be widely applied to the fields of industry, daily use life, medical care and the like.