The invention relates to an HPLC fingerprint detection method of a kidney-tonifying and bone-strengthening traditional Chinese medicine. The kidney-tonifying and bone-strengthening traditional Chinesemedicine is prepared from prepared rehmannia roots, dogwood, rhizoma cibotii, herba epimedii, Chinese yams, angelica sinensis, moutan bark, oysters and other traditional Chinese medicinal materials.The detection method comprises the following steps: extracting a sample, and detecting the sample by using a high performance liquid chromatograph, wherein the high performance liquid chromatograph comprises an ultraviolet detector, the set detection wavelength of the ultraviolet detector is 220-250nm, the stationary phase of the high performance liquid chromatograph is a C18 chromatographic column, the mobile phase A is acetonitrile, the mobile phase B is an aqueous solution containing 0.05-0.3% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.01-0.1% of sodium octanesulfonate, and gradient elution isadopted. Nine common peaks are marked in the established fingerprint spectrum, the sixth peak is the icariin peak, methodological investigation shows that the nine common peaks have very high stability, repeatability and precision, and the method can be completely used for guiding production and controlling product quality.