The invention discloses a calibration method of on-
orbit optical distortion parameters of a
linear array push-
broom camera. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, collecting and obtaining dense high precision
control point information by adopting an automatch
algorithm based on control points, secondly, establishing strict imaging geometric models of all the control points, thirdly, computing the theoretical steering vector and the practical steering vector of each
control point, and establishing an internal orientation element geometric calibration
mathematical model of the camera, fourthly, establishing a
distortion polynomial model, in which the theoretical steering vectors correspond to image column numbers, and fifthly, solving an
error equation through a least square method, and performing iteration solving, so as to obtain internal
optical distortion calibration parameters of the camera. The method calibrates internal optical
system distortion of the
satellite on-
orbit camera by selecting a large number of high-precision ground control points, calibration results can be used for improving the uncontrolled positioning precision and the controlled positioning precision of
satellite images, after internal orientation elements of the camera are corrected through internal
distortion parameters, internal distortion of the images is basically eliminated.