The invention discloses a dynamic runway for taking off and landing of an airplane, which comprises driving shafts, a bearing shaft, a circulating track, an adjustable-speed motor and a truss, the two ends of the truss are provided with the driving shafts which are rotatably connected with the truss, the two driving shafts are horizontally arranged in parallel front and back, and the circulating track which is in transmission connection with the driving shafts is wound on the driving shafts; a bearing shaft which is horizontally arranged in parallel with the two driving shafts is arranged between the two driving shafts, the bearing shaft is arranged in the middle of the circulating crawler belt and used for supporting the circulating crawler belt, a speed regulating motor is fixedly arranged on the truss, and the speed regulating motor is in transmission connection with the driving shafts. According to the invention, the circulating track and the airplane pulley rotate in opposite directions at the same speed, so that the airplane uniformly takes off in an accelerated manner and lands in a decelerated manner during take-off and landing; when the aircraft takes off, a long runway is not needed, and when the aircraft lands, emergency deceleration is not needed, so that the safety of the aircraft in taking off and landing is improved; the device can be used in various takeoff and landing environments with limited runway length, such as aircraft carriers and mountainous airports, and is wide in application range.