34 results about "Argon ion laser" patented technology

The electrochemical device of the present invention comprises a positive electrode (2), a negative electrode (1), a nonaqueous electrolyte and a separator (3). The separator (3) includes a porous layer (I) composed of a microporous film composed predominantly of a thermoplastic resin and a porous layer (II) containing a filler having a heat-resistant temperature of 150° C. or higher as the main component. The negative electrode (1) contains graphite having an R value of 0.1 to 0.5 and d002 of 0.338 nm or less as a negative electrode active material, where the R value is a ratio of a peak intensity at 1360 cm−1 to a peak intensity at 1580 cm−1 in an argon ion laser Raman spectrum and the d002 is a lattice spacing between 002 planes. The ratio of the graphite to the negative electrode active material is 30 mass % or more, and the nonaqueous electrolyte contains vinyl ethylene carbonate or a derivative thereof, or a dinitrile compound or acid anhydride.

To provide a mixed carbon material used for an electrode of a nonaqueous secondary battery with excellent characteristics satisfying both rapid charge-discharge characteristics and high cycle characteristics. A negative electrode material for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, comprising the following carbon material A and carbon material B: (Carbon material A) a multilayer-structure carbon material containing a graphitic particle and an amorphous carbon covering the surface of the graphitic particle, which is a carbon material where the interplanar spacing (d002) of 002 planes by the wide-angle X-ray diffraction method is 3.37 Å or less, Lc is 900 Å or more, the tap density is 0.8 g / cm 3 or more, and the Raman R value that is a ratio of the peak intensity near 1,360 cm -1 to the peak intensity near 1,580 cm -1 in the argon ion laser Raman spectrum, is from 0.25 to 0.6, (Carbon material B) a graphitic particle where the interplanar spacing (d002) of 002 planes by the wide-angle X-ray diffraction method is 3.37 Å or less, Lc is 900 Å or more, the tap density is 0.8 g / cm 3 or more, the Raman R value that is a ratio of the peak intensity near 1,360 cm -1 to the peak intensity near 1,580 cm -1 in the argon ion laser Raman spectrum, is from 0.2 to 0.5, and the average degree of circularity as determined by a flaw-type particle analyzer is 0.9 or more.

To provide a negative electrode carbon material capable of suppressing capacity degradation which will occur due to repetition of a charge / discharge cycle, storage under a charged state, float charging, or the like. An artificial graphite for a negative electrode of a lithium secondary battery having a c-axis crystallite size L (112) of from 2.0 to 4.2 nm as calculated from a (112) diffraction line obtained by X-ray wide-angle diffractometry and having a half-value width ΔνG of from 15 to 19 cm−1 for a peak appearing in a wavelength region of from 1580 cm−1±100 cm−1 in the Raman spectroscopy using an argon ion laser light having a wavelength of 5145 angstrom.

A lithium cell includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode employing a carbon material as an active material, and a non-aqueous electrolyte including a solute dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent, and is characterized in that the carbon material in the negative electrode has an RA value (IA / IG) of 0.05 or more, the RA value calculated from a peak intensity (IA) of a broad peak PA having a full width at half maximum of 100 cm<-1 >or more and a peak intensity (IG) in the vicinity of 1580 cm<-1 >as determined by laser Raman spectroscopy using an argon ion laser having a wavelength of 514.5 nm, the peak intensity (IA) determined from a peak PD in the vicinity of 1360 cm<-1>, as determined by the aforesaid laser Raman spectroscopy, which is separated into the broad peak PA having the full width at half maximum of 100 cm<-1 >or more and a peak PB having a full width at half maximum of less than 100 cm<-1>.

The invention discloses a measuring device and method for a two-phase flow system internal particle motion trajectory. The measuring device comprises a laser emission system and a photovoltaic conversion detection system, wherein the laser emission system is composed of an argon ion laser, a first cylindrical lens, a second cylindrical lens and a reactor, and the photovoltaic conversion detection system is composed of three optical receivers, three photomultiplier tubes, a filter and a computer. The three optical receivers are evenly arranged around the peripheral side of the reactor by using the reactor as a circle center. According to the measuring method, non-immersive measurement is included, the measuring device does not need to be placed into the reactor, the influence of the measuring device on two-phase flow inside the reactor is avoided, measuring accuracy is improved, and the measuring result is precise and reliable; the argon ion laser is used as a light source and replaces an X-ray source, the cost of an X-ray detector is omitted, and the measuring device is economical, practical, safe and reliable.

Disclosed is a carbon material for electrode. The carbonaceous material has a plane space d002 of a (002) plane less than 0.337 nm in an X-ray wide angle diffraction method, a crystallite size (Lc) of 90 nm or higher, an R value, as a peak intensity ratio of a peak intensity of 1360 cm<-1> to a peak intensity of 1580 cm<-1> in a Raman spectrum in use of an argon ion laser, of 0.20 or higher, and a tap density of 0.75 g / cm<3> or higher. Also disclosed is a multilayer structure carbonaceous material for electrode, which is manufactured by carbonizing some organic compounds where the carbonaceous material for electrode is mixed with the organic compounds. The battery using the carbonaceous material for electrode or the multilayer structure carbonaceous material for electrode has a large capacity, a small irreversible capacity admitted in the initial cycle, excellent capacity maintaining rate of the cycle, and particularly, largely improved quick charging and discharging characteristics.