The invention discloses a sintering-free raw material ball filler for a rural sewage treatment system as well as a preparation method, a maintenance method and application of the sintering-free raw material ball filler. Comprising 50-60% of fly ash, 10-20% of dewatered sludge, 20-30% of cement, 5-8% of calcium oxide, 1-2% of ammonium acetate, 3-5% of sodium silicate and 0.04-0.06% of triethanolamine. Preparing a raw material ball filler by adopting a sintering-free process; the obtained raw material ball filler is sequentially subjected to normal-temperature curing, high-temperature steam curing and water spraying curing, a filler product with excellent ineffective efficiency is prepared from a finished product, the filler product is applied to a BAF system, and the removal rates of COD and NH3-N in the stable period can be stabilized at 84% and 71% respectively. In a word, the fly ash is used as a main raw material, the cement and the dewatered sludge are added, the calcium oxide is used as an auxiliary exciting agent, the ammonium acetate is used as a pore increasing agent, the specific surface area of the filler is increased, and the raw material ball filler has high porosity, large specific surface area, moderate strength and excellent performance.