The invention provides a 
surface finishing agent for a 
textile material. The 
surface finishing agent is characterized by being prepared from 
globular protein, a surfactant capable of improving film-forming flexibility, 
caprolactam, an initiator 
ethylene acetal capable of reducing reaction 
activation energy, and water according to proportion, wherein in terms of constituent content for preparing the 
surface finishing agent, the surface finishing agent comprises 10-20% (
solid content, the same as below) of the 
globular protein, 1-3.5% of the surfactant capable of improving the film-forming flexibility, 1.5-5.5% of the 
caprolactam, 0.3-1.5% of the initiator capable of reducing the reaction 
activation energy, 0.7-3% of the 
ethylene acetal and the balance of water. The surface finishing agent has the following advantages that after the finishing agent is used to carry out surface finishing on the 
textile materials such as 
fiber, yarns, threads or fabrics, a finished chemical 
textile material achieves the characteristic of a natural 
protein textile material, and therefore, the treated chemical textile material has both the characteristic of the chemical textile material per se and the characteristic of the natural 
protein textile material, and in addition, the 
globular protein is readily available and is low in cost.