Disclosed is the use of paeonol in preparing medicament for the prevention or treatment of fatty liver, and also the use of medicinal combination preparation of paeonol with medicinal carrying agent in preparing medicaments for the prevention and treatment of fatty liver disease, the dose forms of the medicament include soft capsules, drop pills, pills, powders, tablets, capsules, granules, injections, fluid infusions, freeze-dried powders for injection, suppositories, film agents, tiny capsules, tincture, syrup, oral liquids and other pharmaceutically acceptable dose forms.