The invention discloses multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers and a method for identifying the genotypes of green-shell laying hens. Three primers F, R1 and R2 are firstly designed, wherein F and R2 are fragments in a SLCO1B3 gene of a chicken normal genome. If an individual does not carry an insert fragment, the F and the R2 are paired, a single purpose band of 397 bp is only amplified, and no green-shell egg is produced. The R1 is a fragment of an EAV-HP insertion sequence; if the individual carries the insert fragment, the F and the R1 are paired, a single purpose band of 223 bpis only amplified, and green-shell eggs are produced. If one chromosome of the individual carries the insert fragment and the other one chromosome does not carry the insert fragment, two purpose bands of 223 bp and 397 bp are amplified, and green-shell eggs are still produced. Compared with other identification methods, the primer combination enables the two bands in heterozygote to be more clearly separated, and is beneficial to increment of the genotype identification accuracy of the individual to be tested.