The invention discloses a solar autonomous mobile oxygenation system for aquaculture. The solar autonomous mobile oxygenation system comprises a solar autonomous mobile oxygenation machine, a GPS navigation module and a dissolved oxygen detection module. In the solar autonomous mobile oxygenation machine, a central control unit is connected with a perforated paddle wheel oxygenation propeller, an upper computer, a wireless data transmission receiver and the GPS navigation module, and used for acquiring information of the dissolved oxygen sensor, conducting positioning and navigation, driving the perforated paddle wheel oxygenation propeller to operate, and then automatically achieving oxygenation for the dissolved oxygen insufficient region of a breeding water area. The system is autonomously mobile, free of any manual operation, and capable of saving labor and material resources. The perforated paddle wheel oxygenation propeller of the oxygenation machine can conduct oxygenation, provide propelling force for the whole oxygenation machine, and effectively save the time of a workboat. In addition, power of the oxygenation machine is supplied by a solar power supply system, external charging is not needed, the oxygenation machine can work at night and on rainy days, and the automation degree is high.