63 results about "Particle acceleration" patented technology

The invention comprises a charged particle beam acceleration and / or extraction method and apparatus used in conjunction with charged particle beam radiation therapy of cancerous tumors. Novel design features of a synchrotron are described. Particularly, turning magnets, edge focusing magnets, and extraction elements are described that minimize the overall size of the synchrotron, provide a tightly controlled proton beam, directly reduce the size of required magnetic fields, directly reduces required operating power, and allow continual acceleration of protons in a synchrotron even during a process of extracting protons from the synchrotron.

A method and apparatus for producing a high-velocity particle stream at low cost through multi-staged acceleration using different media in each stage. The particles are accelerated to a subsonic velocity (with respect to the velocity of sound in air) using one or more jets of gas at low cost, then further accelerated to a higher velocity using jets of water. Additionally, to enhance particle acceleration, a vortex motion is created, and the particles introduced into the fluid having vortex motion, thereby enhancing the delivery of particles to the target.

The invention comprises a charged particle beam acceleration and optional extraction method and apparatus used in conjunction with charged particle beam radiation therapy of cancerous tumors. Novel design features of a synchrotron are described. Particularly, turning magnets, edge focusing magnets, concentrating magnetic field magnets, and extraction elements are described that minimize the overall size of the synchrotron, provide a tightly controlled proton beam, directly reduce the size of required magnetic fields, directly reduces required operating power, and allow continual acceleration of protons in a synchrotron even during a process of extracting protons from the synchrotron.

A method for generating stabilized particle acceleration by a radio-frequency (RF) accelerator is described, comprising operating the accelerator in a warm-up mode during a warm-up time period, without injecting charged particles or without accelerating injected charged particles, and operating the accelerator in a beam-on mode during a beam-on time period after the warm-up time period, to accelerate charged particles injected by the charged particle source. Automatic frequency control to match an expected frequency of the accelerator during the beam-on time period, prior to the start of the beam-on time period, for stability, is also described.

The invention comprises a charged particle beam acceleration and optional extraction method and apparatus used in conjunction with charged particle beam radiation therapy of cancerous tumors. Novel design features of a synchrotron are described. Particularly, turning magnets, edge focusing magnets, concentrating magnetic field magnets, and extraction elements are described that minimize the overall size of the synchrotron, provide a tightly controlled proton beam, directly reduce the size of required magnetic fields, directly reduces required operating power, and allow continual acceleration of protons in a synchrotron even during a process of extracting protons from the synchrotron.

A particle accelerator device structured and arranged for use in a subterranean environment. The particle accelerator device comprising: one or more resonant Photonic Band Gap (PBG) cavity, the one or more resonant PBG cavity is capable of providing localized, resonant electro-magnetic (EM) fields so as to one of accelerate, focus or steer particle beams of one of a plurality of electrons or a plurality of ions. Further, the particle accelerator device may provide for the one or more resonant PBG cavity to include a geometry and one or more material that is optimized in terms of RF power losses, wherein the optimization provides for a PBG cavity quality factor significantly higher than that of an equivalent normally conducting pill-box cavity.

The invention relates to a core column structure for improving a magnetic focusing force at a central area of a superconducting cyclotron. The core column structure comprises a core column body (4). The core column body (4) is divided into an upper part and a lower part. The lower part has a cylindrical structure. The upper part has a structure in which a plurality of magnetic pole valley areas (5) and a plurality of magnetic pole peak areas (1) are arranged alternatively. The magnet ring of the azimuth of each magnetic pole valley area (5) is step-shaped. Two side edges on the head surface of each magnetic pole peak area (1) are provided with chamfered corners (6). The core column structure for improving a magnetic focusing force at the central area of the superconducting cyclotron has advantages of improving the axial magnetic focusing force at the central area of the superconducting cyclotron, reducing particle acceleration high-frequency phase slippage at the central area, effectively reducing beam loss at the central area, improving acceptance degree of the beam at the central area, and improving strength of the beam which is introduced from an accelerator. The core column structure further has advantages of simple structure and high practicability.

A method for generating stabilized particle acceleration by a radio-frequency (RF) accelerator is described, comprising operating the accelerator in a warm-up mode during a warm-up time period, without injecting charged particles or without accelerating injected charged particles, and operating the accelerator in a beam-on mode during a beam-on time period after the warm-up time period, to accelerate charged particles injected by the charged particle source. Automatic frequency control to match an expected frequency of the accelerator during the beam-on time period, prior to the start of the beam-on time period, for stability, is also described.

The invention provides a method for generating a rotatable optical focal field on the basis of a radiation field of a rotating field antenna. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, placing a virtual rotating field antenna composed of two dipoles which are perpendicular to each other and have a phase difference of 90 degrees at the center of a focal plane of a 4Pi focusing system, so that an electromagnetic field radiated by the virtual rotating field antenna is completely converged by two opposite high numerical aperture lenses and collimated onto a pupil plane; andS2, focusing two incident fields different for 180 degrees onto the optical focal plane of the two opposite high numerical aperture lenses by virtue of the two opposite high numerical aperture lenses. Intensity distribution of an '8'-shaped optical focal field generated by the method provided by the invention rotates at a circular frequency omega around an optical axis on the focal plane along with time. The rotatable optical focal field has important application value in the aspects of particle rotation, particle acceleration and near-field scanning optical microscopes.

The invention provides an air passage system used for an aerosol particle laser analyzer, comprising a sampling air passage, a shell flow air passage and a total flow air passage; the sampling air passage comprises an aerosol particle beam queuing acceleration sampling pipe wrapped by the shell flow; the lower end of the sampling pipe is a particle acceleration spraying hole; the shell flow air passage comprises a shell flow air inlet pipeline and a shell flow pipe which is coaxially sheathed outside the aerosol particle beam queuing acceleration sampling pipe; and the total flow air passage comprises an aerosol particle laser analyzer detection chamber and a total flow exhaust pipeline. The air passage system has the advantages of reasonable structure, high flow control precision, low energy consumption, long service life and the like.

A mass analyzer includes a main substrate, an upper substrate adhered to the main substrate, and a lower substrate. A mass analysis room (cavity) is formed in the main substrate and penetrates from an upper surface of the first main substrate to a lower surface of the first main substrate. A vertical direction (Z direction) to the main substrate by the upper substrate, both sides of the lower substrate, a travelling direction (X direction) of charged particles and a right angle to the Z direction by the main substrate, and both sides of a right-angled direction (Y to Z direction) and the X direction by a side surface of the main substrate are surrounded. A central hole is open in the side plate of the main substrate that the charged particles enter. The charged particles enter the mass analysis room through the central hole formed in the first main substrate.

The invention discloses oversized ferrite for a particle acceleration device and a preparation method of the oversized ferrite, aiming at solving the problems that the conventional oversized ferrite has the requirements on oversize and high performance indexes, only can be produced through an adhesive mode and is limited in performance, phenomena such as breakage, layering, deformation, instable indexes caused by the high-temperature action are caused and the production cost is very high. The oversized ferrite is prepared by taking Fe2O3, NiO, ZnO, CuO, Co2O3, MnCO3, V2O5 and MgCl2.6H2O as raw materials. The ratio of the raw materials is adjusted, a sintering process is improved, the problems that the oversized ferrite is broken, layered and deformed in the sintering process and the like are effectively solved, and the prepared oversized ferrite has the advantages of large size and excellent performance. Meanwhile, the oversized ferrite is subjected to one-step integral molding by adopting a sintering mode and is not needed to be adhered through small blocks, the product performance is greatly improved, and the production cost of the product is further reduced.

The invention relates to the technical field of a mechanical crushing device and particularly relates to a novel structure device of a superfine powder crushing chamber and a crushing method of the novel structure device. The novel structure device comprises a crushing chamber and a Venturi feeding system, and is characterized in that the crushing chamber is in a shape of an octagon with a circular bead; the section of the crushing chamber is rectangular; the angle direction of a feeding hole of the crushing chamber is diagonal to the section of the crushing chamber, so that a diagonal inlet of the Venturi feeding system is formed. According to the novel structure device disclosed by the invention, the inlet of the Venturi feeding system is changed from a tangent type into a diagonal type so that the feeding angle is improved; the Venturi feeding system is also combined with a pressure balancing system on a Venturi hopper, so the feeding effect is remarkably improved, and backflow phenomenon is eliminated; therefore, feeding and particle acceleration can be implemented by adopting the same pressure; the utilization rate of an air source is greatly improved; the crushing chamber is in the shape of the octagon with the circular bead, so air flow can be thinned as far as possible; the time and space required for accelerating particles to a critical speed can be reduced; the production effect is optimized; the yield is increased; air consumption is reduced.

The invention provides a device and method for fast depositing and separating particles in wastewater. It makes use of principle of laminar flow limit, particle fast vertical deposition and clean water horizontal outlet to separate particle from clean water physically, and collects clean water with clean water pipes at different height, the condensed wastewater is discharged to waters nearby after proper treatment. The invention can reduces the water turbidity dramatically and increases the water cleaning rate for following tap water.

The invention discloses a free field real-time restoring method for a non-steady state plane sound source measured by sound pressure and particle acceleration. The free field real-time restoring method for the non-steady state plane sound source measured by sound pressure and particle acceleration comprises the steps of carrying out finite difference on time-domain sound pressure on a measurementplane H and an auxiliary measurement plane H1 to obtain time-domain particle acceleration on the plane H, and carrying out two-dimensional space Fourier transform to obtain a sound pressure and particle acceleration time-domain wavenumber spectrum on the plane H; and then deducing a free-field restoring formula by utilizing the sound pressure time-domain wavenumber spectrum and the particle acceleration time-domain wavenumber spectrum on the plane H, a known time-domain impulse response function between the sound pressure and the particle acceleration and between sound pressures, and a surfacereflection coefficient of a target sound source, and recovering a time-varying sound pressure signal radiated on the plane H under the free-field condition of the target sound source in real time. According to the method, the influence of the non-steady state scattering sound field is eliminated in the time domain, any inversion and regularization operation processing is not needed, the capability of restoring the sound field in real time is achieved, and the method can be used for analyzing the time-varying radiation characteristic and the vibration characteristic of the target sound sourceon site in an actual sound field environment.

The invention comprises a charged particle beam acceleration and / or extraction method and apparatus used in conjunction with charged particle beam radiation therapy of cancerous tumors. Novel design features of a synchrotron are described. Particularly, turning magnets, edge focusing magnets, and extraction elements are described that minimize the overall size of the synchrotron, provide a tightly controlled proton beam, directly reduce the size of required magnetic fields, directly reduces required operating power, and allow continual acceleration of protons in a synchrotron even during a process of extracting protons from the synchrotron.

The invention relates to a method for constructing a controllable optical pin array based on collinear antenna array radiation theory. The method is implemented by reverse focusing the radiation fieldof a virtual collinear antenna array located in the focal region of a 4 focusing system. Each unit of the antenna array is arranged along the optical axis direction, and the current of each unit is uniformly distributed along the optical axis direction. The length and the center position of the nth segment of the optical pin respectively depend only on the length and the coordinate position of the nth array element in the collinear array. The number of optical pins in the optical pin array is equal to the number of array elements in the antenna array. Each segment of the optical pin is strongly and longitudinally polarized and the lateral FWHM remains unchanged throughout the focal depth range. The optical pin array produced by the method is expected to be used for multi-particle acceleration, trapping, manipulation, and the like.

The invention provides a method for preparing an amorphous alloy bulk material. The preparation method adopts amorphous alloy powder as a raw material, and the characteristics of viscosity decrease and gradual softening of amorphous alloy with the increase of the temperature and the characteristic of superplasticity of the amorphous alloy in a supercooled liquid region are combined with the characteristics of rapid particle acceleration, low heating temperature, small heat influences, difficult oxidation and microstructure change, small thermal stress and final compressive stress state in thecold spraying process and the optimization control of process parameters to achieve high-speed bumping deposition of the particles layer by layer in order to form the he bulk material; and the impactof the subsequent particles has a compacting and densifying effect on formed deposits in a range of sizes of several particle thicknesses. The method has the technical advantages of simple process, short production cycle, low processing cost, strong adaptability, and unlimited size of the material.

The present invention discloses a magnetron sputtering coating method in a multi-level acceleration mode. A two-stage acceleration electric field is set between the target material and the matrix material during a coating procedure, wherein the direction of the electric field accords with the direction of particle acceleration. The two-stage acceleration electric field is equipped with a direct-current power supply which positive pole and negative pole are connected respectively to the matrix material and the target material. Said technological process in accordance with the present invention is simple, and the operations and applications are convenient, and then the sputtering coating quality is high. A certain accelerate electric potential is applied between the target material and matrix material for magnetron sputtering to accelerate ions formed after electric dissociation and to improve gas inonization rate. At the same time, the charge energy particles sputtering out are accelerated secondarily to improve the energy of charge energy particles for bombardment to the matrix material, and then the bond strength of the film membrane and the matrix material is improved.

The invention discloses a dust particle size and concentration nondestructive on-line detection device and method. The detection device comprises a detection chamber, the detection chamber is providedwith a particle acceleration nozzle, a gas inlet pipe and a gas outlet joint, and the particle acceleration nozzle is provided with a sample gas channel and an annular zero gas channel wrapping the sample gas channel; and the particle acceleration nozzle comprises an arc-shaped contraction channel and a throat channel, the gas outlet joint comprises an expansion channel, the small-diameter end ofthe expansion channel is aligned and matched with the throat channel, the gas inlet pipe comprises a sintering inner pipe and an outer sleeve, the sintering inner pipe is fixedly sleeved with the outer sleeve, an independent zero gas cavity is formed, and the zero gas cavity is communicated with an inner cavity of the sintering inner pipe through micropores in the sintering inner pipe. Accordingto the detection method, nondestructive detection is carried out by utilizing the detection device, so that dust attachment can be reduced, the influence of resistance change of the filter on the sampling flow rate can be reduced, and the accuracy of a detection result is improved.

An apparatus for determining fluid-pressure diffusivity in a borehole (12) in a formation (10) includes an electrode (16) and a strain measuring device (18),(20) (or a particle velocity measuring device (18),(20) or a particle acceleration measuring device (18),(20)) disposed a fixed distance from the electrode (16). The electrode (16) injects an electrical current into a point on a wall of the borehole (12). The strain measuring device (18),(20) measures strain (or the particle velocity measuring device (18),(20) measuresd particle velocity or the particle acceleration measuring device (18),(20) measures particle acceleration) at the fixed distance from the point of injection of the electrical current over time. The fluid-pressure diffusivity is determined based on the measured strain (or measured particle velocity or measured particle acceleration) over time. A method of determining a fluid-pressure diffusivity in a borehole (12) includes injecting an electrical current into a point on a wall of the borehole (12), measuring at least one of strain, particle velocity, and particle acceleration at a fixed distance from the point of injection of the electrical current over time, and determining the fluid-pressure diffusivity based on the measured at least one of strain, particle velocity, and particle acceleration over time.

A method and apparatus for forming torsional magnetic reconnection, and converting stored magnetic energy into charged particle kinetic energy and particle acceleration, is claimed. A torsional magnetic reconnection apparatus generally comprises (1) a vacuum environment housing (2) a plurality of conducting coils to form a magnetic field fan-spine topology and (3) a plasma generation device providing an azimuthal magnetic field perturbation such that current sheets are formed and magnetic reconnection processes can occur. Electric current energization of the plurality of conducting coils generates a potential magnetic fan-spine topology. A simultaneous capacitor bank discharge forms and axially drives a plasma sheath, featuring an azimuthal magnetic field, toward the fan-spine magnetic null that forces the diffusion of magnetic flux through the plasma. This magnetic to plasma kinetic energy conversion process accelerates charged particles far away from the reconnection region along open magnetic field lines.

A mass analyzer includes a main substrate, an upper substrate adhered to the main substrate, and a lower substrate. A mass analysis room (cavity) is formed in the main substrate and penetrates from an upper surface of the first main substrate to a lower surface of the first main substrate. A vertical direction (Z direction) to the main substrate by the upper substrate, both sides of the lower substrate, a travelling direction (X direction) of charged particles and a right angle to the Z direction by the main substrate, and both sides of a right-angled direction (Y to Z direction) and the X direction by a side surface of the main substrate are surrounded. A central hole is open in the side plate of the main substrate that the charged particles enter. The charged particles enter the mass analysis room through the central hole formed in the first main substrate.

The invention belongs to the field of physical particle acceleration, and discloses a fixed beam phase selection structure in the central region of a cyclotron. The problem of poor particle extractioneffect is solved. According to the specific solution, the structure comprises a high frequency cavity inside the cyclotron. A phase selector is arranged on the head of the high frequency cavity. Thephase selector is provided with a slit for screening particles. Phase screening is carried out on the low energy end of the cyclotron, so that most of particles with unsuitable phase are deposited inthe central region. On one hand, the extraction efficiency is improved, and radioactive dose is not accumulated in an extraction region. On the other hand, the emittance of a beam is reduced in radialand longitudinal directions due to particle screening, and the sensitivity of the beam to accelerator parameters such as high frequency voltage and frequency is reduced.

The invention relates to the crossing field of computer graphic processing and industrial design, in particular to a fluid analogue simulation method based on an SPH kernel function, which comprises the following steps: selecting a smooth kernel function to calculate particle attributes, and solving a particle acceleration formula; utilizing a particle acceleration formula to construct a basic fluid particle simulation model based on an SPH algorithm; by modifying parameters of a set density smooth kernel function, simple deformation and complex deformation are carried out on a basic fluid simulation model. The simulation method is diversified in function, simpler to operate and more obvious in implementation effect, the fluid design effect can be visually achieved by people after computergraphics is combined, and a user can conveniently enable the model to achieve the preset effect through density kernel function parameter adjustment.

Accelerator apparatus (100) for accelerating charged particles (2) with pulsed radiation includes horn-shaped coupling device (10) with at least one horn coupler (11, 15) having input aperture (12), electrically conductive walls (13) and output aperture (14), wherein pulsed radiation is received at input aperture and focused towards output aperture, and waveguide device (20) coupled with the output aperture and configured for receiving focused pulsed radiation. Waveguide device includes injection section (21) for providing charged particles and subjecting them to acceleration by pulsed radiation in injection section, and lateral output port (23) for releasing accelerated charged particles along particle acceleration direction. The at least one horn coupler receives linearly polarized single cycle pulses (1) including broadband frequency spectrum shaped as a linearly polarized plane wave and focuses linearly polarized single cycle pulses. Waveguide device has non-resonant broadband transmission characteristic. Furthermore, charged particle gun and method of accelerating charged particles are described.

The invention discloses a 3 / 4 lambda wavelength output resonant cavity of a radio-frequency broadband high-power valve amplifier. The resonant cavity is used for tuning and deploying a radio-frequency broadband high-power valve amplifier output circuit, and comprises a resonant cavity inner conductor, a resonant cavity outer conductor, an output coupling capacitor, an output coupling capacitor tuning device, a radio-frequency output coaxial feeder, a coaxial film direct current blocking capacitor, a resonant cavity short circuit cavity plate and a resonant cavity short circuit cavity plate tuning device. By means of the technical scheme, the maximum output power achieves 100 kilowatts to 250 kilowatts (continuous wave and pulse dual modes), and the working frequency is output at an amplified radio frequency in a range of 70 MHz to 110 MHz, accordingly, necessary conditions are provided for particle acceleration of equipment of nuclear fusion microwave heating equipment, heavy particle accelerators, irradiation accelerators and the like.

A method is disclosed for the convenient transformation of the somatic cells of animals. Somatic cell transformation is useful for medical and veterinary care of genetic diseases, and other therapeutic or animal improvement purposes. The method makes use of an electric discharge particle acceleration apparatus which can inject very small particles of gold or other dense material carrying genetic constructs coated on them into the living cells of animals. The animals not only live, but there is no visible bruising or bleeding at the site of the treatment. The method is particularly adaptable since the force of the particle injection in such a spark discharge apparatus is adjustable by adjustments to the voltage of the spark discharge.

A cascade of accelerating electrode tubes that apply an accelerating electric potential to a charged particle (2) are provided. With a controller (8) appropriately controlling timings to apply an accelerating voltage to the accelerating electrode tubes, accelerating energy can be gained each time the charged particle (2) passes through gaps between the accelerating electrode tubes.

The invention relates to a method and a device, which can be used in inspection systems, for generating bremsstrahlung with a pulse-to-pulse variation in energy level between two given values with the possibility of independently controlling the radiation intensity for each energy level. The device has local radiation shielding (16) and provides for a small diameter beam on the braking target (12) as well as highly efficient particle acceleration. The device comprises an accelerator structure (7) with a standing wave, which is powered by a compact multibeam klystron (22) having a low beam voltage and permanent magnet focusing. The energy level of an accelerated beam (19) of charged particles is varied at a constant frequency by varying the output power level of the klystron (22) from pulse to pulse and the amplitude of the field in the accelerator structure (7). The required radiation intensity is provided by the pulse-to-pulse variation of the voltage of the control electrode (10) of an electron gun (8) and of the current intensity of the beam injected into the accelerator structure (7).