29 results about "Reversed electrodialysis" patented technology

A method and system of generating electrical power or hydrogen from thermal energy is disclosed. The method includes separating, by a selectively permeable membrane, a first saline solution from a second saline solution, receiving, by the first saline solution and / or the second saline solution, thermal energy from a heat source, and mixing the first saline solution and the second saline solution in a controlled manner, capturing at least some salinity-gradient energy as electrical power as the salinity difference between the first saline solution and the second saline solution decreases. The method further includes transferring, by a heat pump, thermal energy from the first saline solution to the second saline solution, causing the salinity difference between the first saline solution and the second saline solution to increase. The method may include a process of membrane distillation, forward osmosis, evaporation, electrodialysis, and / or salt decomposition for further energy efficiency and power generation.

The application provides a double-feed reverse electrodialysis power generation system, which comprises a heat generation module, a working condition adjusting module and a concentration difference power generation module. The heat generation module converts heat energy into chemical potential energy between salt solutions with different concentrations. The working condition adjusting module adjusts the temperature, pressure, concentration and flow of the dilute solution and the concentrated solution according to the actual working condition. The concentration difference power generation module converts the chemical potential energy between the salt solutions into electric energy through a reverse electrodialysis process. The conversion from heat energy to electric energy is realized through the above three processes. The application has the advantages of simple and reliable structure, low control difficulty, low noise and high reliability.

A salt wastewater treatment system for treating high-concentration salt wastewater, according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprises: a first pretreatment part having a first oxidation-reduction part for decomposing and removing, by means of an oxidation-reduction reaction using an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent, at least a part of organic matter and inorganic salts contained in high-concentration salt wastewater when the high-concentration salt wastewater flows therein; a second pretreatment part into which primarily pretreated water pretreated in the first pretreatment part flows, and which has a second oxidation-reduction part that performs the additional decomposition of the organic matter and inorganic salts of the primarily pretreated water by means of a secondary oxidation-reduction reaction, and a water-softening part that removes hardness components by spraying radical water; and a main treatment part which has a desalination part for continuously performing reverse electrodialysis and bipolar electrodialysis, and into which secondarily pretreated water pretreated in the second pretreatment part flows so that secondarily pretreated water is desalinated in a non-evaporative manner, wherein the first and second oxidation-reduction parts each include an oxidation-reduction process part in which an oxidation reaction using the oxidizing agent and a reduction reaction using the reducing agent are simultaneously performed.

The invention provides a processing apparatus capable of reducing leakage of processing liquid. In the treatment device, a plurality of cation exchange membranes (14) and anion exchange membranes (13) are alternately arranged between a negative electrode plate (12) and a positive electrode plate (11) in a manner that a gasket (15) (frame member) is sandwiched between the positive electrode plate (11) and the negative electrode plate (12) and the positive electrode plate (11) to form a plurality of spaces, and electrodialysis or reverse electrodialysis is performed by circulating a treatment liquid supplied from the outside into the plurality of spaces, the gasket (15) (frame member) has seal lines (154, 254) that define the flow range of the processing liquid.

A method and a system of generating electrical power or hydrogen from thermal energy is disclosed. The method includes separating, by a selectively permeable membrane, a first saline solution from a second saline solution, receiving, by the first saline solution and / or the second saline solution, thermal energy from a heat source, and mixing the first saline solution and the second saline solution in a controlled manner, capturing at least some salinity-gradient energy as electrical power as the salinity difference between the first saline solution and the second saline solution decreases. The method further includes transferring, by a heat pump, thermal energy from the first saline solution to the second saline solution, causing the salinity difference between the first saline solution and the second saline solution to increase. The method and system may include a regeneration process, such as membrane distillation, forward osmosis, electrodialysis, salt evaporation and / or salt decomposition.

A kind of microporous sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) membrane for reverse electrodialysis energy conversion, preparation method and application thereof belong to ion exchange membrane technical field. First, bisphenol fluorene, 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone, alkaline catalyst and water-removing agent are added into solvent to carry out nucleophilic polycondensation reaction to obtain poly (ether ether ketone) ;Second, it is dissolved in anhydrous dichloromethane, and chlorosulfonic acid / dichloromethane solution is added to carry out sulfonation reaction to obtain sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) with different sulfonation degrees;Finally, it is dissolved and formed into film by solution casting method, the main chain is the copolymer of bisphenol fluorene and 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone, and the main chain contains rigid fluorenyl structural unit.The rigid fluorenyl structural unit of the application limits the conformational rotation of the main chain by steric hindrance, forms size-stable intrinsic microporous ion channel, realizes the rigidification of ion channel and the intrinsic microporous structure while maintaining the excellent film-forming property of SPEEK;Long-term operation stability is excellent, preparation process is simple, raw material cost is controllable, and it is suitable for reverse electrodialysis energy conversion field.

The present invention relates to a hybrid working fluid reverse electrodialysis low-grade thermal energy power generation system with double feed inlets, which includes a heat generation module, a working condition adjustment module and a concentration difference power generation module. The heat generation module is used to convert low-grade thermal energy into chemical potential energy; the working condition adjustment module conducts processes of conductivity adjustment, temperature adjustment, pressure adjustment and flow rate adjustment on the dilute solution and the concentrated solution according to the working conditions; the concentration difference power generation module utilizes the salt concentration difference between the dilute solution and the concentrated solution to carry out the reverse electrodialysis power generation process. This system uses a liquid distribution pipeline to respectively lead the dilute and concentrated solutions to different feed inlets of the generator, reducing or eliminating the dissipation losses generated in the heat transfer process and the solution mixing process; adopts an alternative solvent with low boiling point and latent heat of vaporization to reduce the energy consumption and vacuum degree of the heat generation module; at the same time, a regulator is introduced to adjust the conductivity of the solution, reducing the internal resistance loss, and giving full play to the complementary advantages of the hybrid working fluid. The whole system has a simple structure, reliable operation and adjustable parameters.

The application relates to a device and method for producing mineralized drinking water by coupling nanofiltration and electrodialysis, and relates to the technical field of water treatment. The device solves the problem that nanofiltration membranes remove a variety of pollutants while removing a variety of natural mineral ions beneficial to human bodies, and the problem that the separation performance of nanofiltration membranes is insufficient in matching the separation target. The device comprises the following steps: introducing, into a nanofiltration unit, pretreated water containing ions and potential organic pollutants through the inlet of the nanofiltration unit; obtaining first dilute water and first concentrated water through nanofiltration separation; introducing the first dilute water and the first concentrated water into a first reverse electrodialysis unit respectively; performing ion redistribution in the first reverse electrodialysis unit; introducing second concentrated water after the redistribution into a second reverse electrodialysis unit; performing ion distribution with second water treated by a nanofiltration-gravity flow ultrafiltration system; obtaining second effluent flowing out of the second reverse electrodialysis unit; and returning third concentrated water obtained after the distribution to the nanofiltration unit. The application is applied to the field of drinking water production.

The present invention discloses a method for preparing and applying a MXene / carboxymethylxylan nanofluidic membrane for salt gradient energy conversion. The MXene / carboxymethylxylan nanofluidic membrane has a typical two-dimensional layered structure with a thickness of 5-20 μm, an interlamellar spacing of 1.2-2.0 nm, and high mechanical strength. During reverse electrodialysis power generation, the nanofluidic membrane exhibits low internal resistance and high ion selectivity. The membrane shows promising application prospects in the field of reverse electrodialysis.

The single-feed reverse electrodialysis concentration difference power generation system comprises an occurrence module, a working condition adjusting module and a concentration difference power generation module, the occurrence module is used for converting heat energy into chemical potential energy between salt solutions with different concentrations, the working condition adjusting module is used for adjusting the temperature, pressure, concentration and flow of the dilute solution and the concentrated solution according to actual working conditions, and the concentration difference power generation module is used for converting the chemical potential energy between the salt solutions into electric energy through a reverse electrodialysis process, so that the conversion from heat energy to electric energy is realized through the above three processes, and the structure is simple, reliable, low in control difficulty, low in noise and high in reliability.

The application discloses an energy storage device based on reverse electrodialysis technology, and designs the structure of the energy storage device, so that the transmission ions can be transmitted in the first structure and the second structure to form an internal loop; meanwhile, due to the existence of oxidizing substances and reducing substances, when the oxidizing substances undergo reduction reactions and the reducing substances undergo oxidation reactions, an oxidation-reduction potential difference can be formed; since the oxidation reactions and the reduction reactions continuously proceed, the oxidation-reduction potential difference can be continuously provided, and when an electric signal is outputted based on at least the oxidation-reduction potential difference, the electric signal can be continuously outputted at a high level, so that the energy storage device has a high output power density and good output stability.

The invention relates to an epoxy resin wastewater desalination method by cooperating reverse electrodialysis with membrane capacitive deionization, which comprises the following steps: adjusting the pH value of pretreated epoxy resin wastewater to 8.0-9.0 in a wastewater buffer pool, and heating to 40-45 DEG C; the adjusted waste water is introduced into a waste water buffer pool, clear water flows back into the waste water buffer pool from the clear water pool, the volume ratio of the waste water to the clear water is 1: 2-1: 3, and the flow speed is the same. According to the epoxy resin waste water desalting method with the cooperation of reverse electrodialysis and membrane capacitive deionization, salinity difference energy in the waste water is recycled through reverse electrodialysis, electric energy is directly provided for operation of the membrane capacitive deionization device and heating of the waste water, only a small amount of energy of auxiliary equipment such as a water pump needs to be consumed, and the operation cost of epoxy resin waste water desalting is remarkably reduced. Meanwhile, the process design is simple and adapts to an industrial treatment scene, the problems that a traditional process is high in cost and difficult to popularize on a large scale are solved, and an economical and feasible technical path is provided for epoxy resin wastewater treatment.

The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy utilization and chemical cleaning, and particularly relates to a self-powered acid-base and gas co-production system and method based on salinity difference energy driving, and the system comprises a salinity difference driving reverse electrodialysis device; the saline water preparation and circulation unit is connected to the high saline water channel and the low saline water channel of the salinity difference driven reverse electrodialysis device; the anolyte circulating and product collecting unit is independently arranged and connected to the anode side of the salinity difference driven reverse electrodialysis device; the catholyte circulating and product collecting unit is independently arranged and connected to the cathode side of the salinity difference driven reverse electrodialysis device; the salinity difference driven reverse electrodialysis device generates electromotive force by utilizing the chemical potential difference between high-concentration saline water in the high-concentration saline water channel and low-concentration saline water in the low-concentration saline water channel, and the electromotive force directly drives the electrolytic reaction at the anode and the cathode. The method does not need to be externally connected with a direct-current power supply, and the high-added-value chemicals are produced by directly utilizing the energy of the waste brine or natural salinity.

The application belongs to the field of selective membranes, and particularly relates to a carbon nanofiber polymer cation selective membrane, a preparation method and application. The carbon nanofiber polymer cation selective membrane has a dense three-dimensional porous structure and a high surface charge density. In the application of reverse electrodialysis salt gradient energy conversion, the carbon nanofiber polymer cation selective membrane has excellent ion flux and ion selectivity. The carbon nanofiber polymer cation selective membrane can be applied to a salt gradient power generation system, and high-performance salt gradient energy conversion can be obtained under different salt gradient and different pH value electrolyte solution environments.

Provided is a manufacturing method of an electrode for an electrochemical reaction, which is capable of minimizing a loss of a metal precursor and simultaneously reducing a manufacturing time. An embodiment of the present invention provides a manufacturing method of an electrode for an electrochemical reaction, which includes a process of forming a metal thin-film on a substrate disposed in a reactor and in which the metal thin-film is formed as a metal precursor gas derived from a metal precursor is thermally decomposed by a CO2-laser.

A method and system of generating electrical power or hydrogen from thermal energy is disclosed. The method includes separating, by a selectively permeable membrane, a first saline solution from a second saline solution, receiving, by the first saline solution and / or the second saline solution, thermal energy from a heat source, and mixing the first saline solution and the second saline solution in a controlled manner, capturing at least some salinity-gradient energy as electrical power as the salinity difference between the first saline solution and the second saline solution decreases. The method further includes transferring, by a heat pump, thermal energy from the first saline solution to the second saline solution, causing the salinity difference between the first saline solution and the second saline solution to increase. The method may include a process of membrane distillation, forward osmosis, evaporation, electrodialysis, and / or salt decomposition for further energy efficiency and power generation.

The invention relates to the technical field of renewable energy and cold energy utilization, and discloses a natural cold energy storage and conversion utilization system and method.The natural cold energy storage and conversion utilization system comprises a freeze concentration module, a solution storage module, a solution energy release module, a reverse electrodialysis energy release module and a reverse osmosis energy storage and release module; a dilute solution is frozen and concentrated through the freeze concentration module and then separated to obtain ice and a concentrated solution, the ice and the concentrated solution are stored in the solution storage module, and when low-price electric energy exists, the dilute solution is subjected to concentration energy storage through the reverse osmosis energy storage and release module; when electric power is needed, energy release operation is carried out through the solution energy release module, the reverse electrodialysis energy release module or the reverse osmosis energy storage and release module, and energy stored in ice and concentrated solution is converted into electric power to be output. In order to overcome the defects of the current energy storage technology, the natural cold energy cross-seasonal storage system based on the solution is designed, natural cold energy can be converted into electric energy to be output, and a novel renewable energy source utilization system is provided.

Methods and systems for generating electricity or hydrogen from thermal energy are disclosed. The method includes separating a first saline solution from a second saline solution through a selective permeable membrane, receiving thermal energy from a heat source through the first saline solution and / or the second saline solution, and mixing the first saline solution and the second saline solution in a controlled manner, the first saline solution being separated from the second saline solution as a salinity difference between the first saline solution and the second saline solution decreases. At least some salinity gradient energy is captured as electrical power. The method further includes transferring thermal energy from the first saline solution to the second saline solution by the heat pump, causing an increase in salinity difference between the first saline solution and the second saline solution. The methods and systems may include regeneration processes such as membrane distillation, forward osmosis, electrodialysis, salt evaporation, and / or salt decomposition for further energy efficiency and power generation.

A method and system for generating electricity or hydrogen from thermal energy is disclosed. The method includes separating a first salt solution from a second salt solution by a selectively permeable membrane (104), receiving thermal energy from a heat source by the first salt solution and / or the second salt solution, mixing the first salt solution and the second salt solution in a controlled manner, and capturing at least a portion of the salinity gradient energy as electricity as the salinity difference between the first salt solution and the second salt solution decreases. The method further includes transferring thermal energy from the first salt solution to the second salt solution by a heat pump (320), increasing the salinity difference between the first salt solution and the second salt solution. The method may include membrane distillation, electrodialysis, and / or salt splitting processes for further energy efficiency and power generation.

The present invention provides a seawater desalination and water electrolysis apparatus using salinity gradient power generation technology, comprising a reverse electrodialysis stack and osmotic membranes disposed on both sides of the reverse electrodialysis stack, wherein the reverse electrodialysis stack includes: an anode electrode; a cathode electrode; a first cell which is disposed between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode and which includes a cation exchange membrane, an anion exchange membrane and a bipolar membrane; and a second cell which is disposed between the first cell and the cathode electrode and which includes a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane.

The invention discloses an integrated reverse electrodialysis seawater hydrogen production system and an operation method thereof, the system comprises: an alkali liquor hydrogen production electrolytic tank, an alkali liquor circulation outlet of which is communicated with a high concentration chamber of a multistage reverse electrodialysis device; the multi-stage reverse electrodialysis device comprises a concentration difference power generation module formed by stacking at least three stages of electrodialysis cell stack units, the electric energy output end of the multi-stage reverse electrodialysis device is respectively connected to the alkali liquor hydrogen production electrolytic bath and a driving part of the online seawater desalination device, and the concentration difference between concentrated alkali liquor and dilute alkali liquor is used for driving ion migration to generate electric energy; the on-line seawater desalination device is of an alkali liquor regeneration type permeation structure, pure water separation is achieved through the permeation pressure difference so as to obtain desalted water, and a desalted water outlet of the on-line seawater desalination device is communicated with a water supplementing opening of the alkali liquor hydrogen production electrolytic cell and a low-concentration cavity of the multi-stage reverse electrodialysis device. The structure is simplified, collaborative closed-loop operation of concentration difference power generation, electrolysis waste heat recovery and online seawater desalination is achieved, energy gradient utilization and material closed loop are achieved, and hydrogen production energy consumption is reduced.

The invention discloses a double modified cellulose nanofiber composite membrane. The double modified cellulose nanofiber composite membrane comprises a polyacrylic acid grafted sulfonated cellulose nanofiber membrane with negative electricity and a polyethyleneimine grafted quaternized cellulose nanofiber membrane with positive electricity. The invention also discloses an application of the double modified cellulose nanofiber composite membrane in electric energy conversion, and a reverse electrodialysis unit comprising the double modified cellulose nanofiber composite membrane. According to the invention, a high-performance nanofluidic reverse electrodialysis system is constructed by integrating a negatively charged polyacrylic acid grafted sulfonated cellulose nanofiber membrane and a positively charged polyethyleneimine grafted quaternized cellulose nanofiber membrane. Through synergistic combination of micromolecule functionalization and polymer grafting, the surface charge density is greatly improved, so that the ion selectivity and conductivity of the membrane are enhanced. The invention opens up a new way for designing a sustainable, low-cost and high-selectivity cellulose nanofiber membrane and realizing efficient and extensible osmotic energy conversion.

The invention discloses an energy conversion and hydrogen production system and method based on heat pipe driven reverse electrodialysis, and relates to the technical field of waste heat utilization and hydrogen energy production, the energy conversion and hydrogen production system comprises a heat pipe module, the heat pipe module is internally filled with a working medium which is subjected to phase change and migration, and the working medium absorbs heat of an external heat source; a working medium solution with a first concentration and a working medium solution with a second concentration can be formed in the heat pipe module, and the concentration of the working medium solution with the first concentration is different from that of the working medium solution with the second concentration; the reverse electrodialysis membrane stack is used for receiving the working medium solution with the first concentration and the working medium solution with the second concentration and driving ion migration to generate direct current by utilizing the concentration difference between the two solutions; the electrolysis device is connected with the electric energy output end of the reverse electrodialysis membrane stack and is used for receiving the direct current and carrying out water electrolysis for hydrogen production; the reverse electrodialysis membrane stack is communicated with the heat pipe module to form a closed circulation loop, so that the used working medium can return to the heat pipe module to reconstruct the concentration gradient.

The invention relates to a mixed working fluid reverse electrodialysis low-grade thermal energy power generation system with a single feed inlet, comprising a heat generation module, a working condition adjustment module and a concentration difference power generation module. The heat generation module is driven by low-grade thermal energy and is used to convert low-grade thermal energy into chemical potential energy to realize the regeneration process of an intermediate concentration solution; the working condition adjustment module performs conductivity adjustment, temperature adjustment, pressure adjustment and flow adjustment processes on a dilute solution and a concentrated solution according to the working condition; the concentration difference power generation module performs a reverse electrodialysis power generation process using the salt concentration difference between the dilute solution and the concentrated solution, and outputs the intermediate concentration solution to complete the power generation cycle process. The system adopts an alternative solvent with a low boiling point and latent heat of vaporization to reduce the energy consumption and vacuum degree of the heat generation module; at the same time, a regulator is introduced to adjust the solution conductivity, reduce the internal resistance loss, and give full play to the complementary advantages of the mixed working fluid. The entire system has a simple structure, reliable operation, and adjustable parameters.

The present application relates to the technical field of chemical engineering and environmental electrochemistry, and discloses a method and system for preparing caustic soda by industrial electro-enhanced reverse electrodialysis, wherein the reverse electrodialysis membrane stack reactor comprises a shell, an anode, a cathode and a membrane stack assembly, a spacer is arranged between two adjacent ion exchange membranes, and a plurality of ion exchange membranes are alternately arranged as cation exchange membranes and anion exchange membranes to form alternately arranged high-salt water channels and low-salt water channels; the anode and the most adjacent ion exchange membrane form an anode electrolysis chamber, and the cathode and the most adjacent ion exchange membrane form a cathode electrolysis chamber; an auxiliary micro-electric field power supply is connected to the anode and the cathode; an anode liquid circulation module is connected to the anode electrolysis chamber to collect generated chlorine and acidic products; and a cathode liquid circulation module is connected to the cathode electrolysis chamber to collect generated hydrogen and alkaline products, wherein the alkaline products contain caustic soda, and the present application significantly improves the controllability of the system, the energy utilization efficiency and the product purity.

Methods and systems for generating electricity or hydrogen from thermal energy are disclosed. The method includes separating a first saline solution from a second saline solution through a selective permeable membrane, receiving thermal energy from a heat source through the first saline solution and / or the second saline solution, and mixing the first saline solution and the second saline solution in a controlled manner, the first saline solution being separated from the second saline solution as a salinity difference between the first saline solution and the second saline solution decreases. At least some salinity gradient energy is captured as electrical power. The method further includes transferring thermal energy from the first saline solution to the second saline solution by the heat pump, causing an increase in salinity difference between the first saline solution and the second saline solution. For further energy efficiency and power generation, the method may include processes of membrane distillation, electrodialysis, and / or salt decomposition.

The utility model provides an energy-saving dechlorinated light salt brine denitration device which comprises an electric membrane stack, a direct current-to-alternating current inverter and a concentration device which are sequentially connected through lines. Reasonable concentration interval planning is adopted, reverse electrodialysis formed by a univalent ion exchange anion membrane and a cation exchange membrane forms a salinity difference power generation unit, ion separation and direct-current power generation can be realized while brine flows, the requirement of zero power consumption of dechlorinated light salt brine can be met, and system consumption is greatly saved; according to the device, reverse electrodialysis is used as power generation equipment, direct operation of power equipment can be realized by cooperating with an effective inversion power technology, resistance-type heating is used as a surplus power dissipation device, and stable operation of system power can be effectively realized.

The invention discloses a preparation method of electropositive MXene and application of the electropositive MXene in salinity difference energy conversion. The electropositive MXene is obtained by modifying quaternized xylan nanocrystals obtained through etherification modification by using common waste industrial xylan in the pulping and papermaking field as a raw material, and the electropositive MXene nanofluid membrane has a typical two-dimensional layered structure, has relatively high mechanical strength, shows good anion selectivity in a reverse electrodialysis power generation process, and can be applied to the field of electrodialysis power generation. Good application prospects are shown in the field of reverse electrodialysis.

The application discloses an integrated reverse electrodialysis seawater hydrogen production system and a running method thereof. The system comprises: an alkali hydrogen production electrolytic cell, an alkali liquor circulation outlet of which is communicated with a high-concentration chamber of a multi-stage reverse electrodialysis device; the multi-stage reverse electrodialysis device comprises a concentration difference power generation module composed of a stack of at least three electrodialysis cell stack units, and the power output ends of the concentration difference power generation module are respectively connected to a driving component of the alkali hydrogen production electrolytic cell and an online seawater desalination device, so that ion migration is driven by the concentration difference between concentrated alkali liquor and dilute alkali liquor to generate electric energy; the online seawater desalination device is of an alkali regeneration type and is of a permeation structure, and pure water is separated by using a permeation pressure difference to obtain desalination water, and a desalination water outlet of the online seawater desalination device is communicated with a water supplementing opening of the alkali hydrogen production electrolytic cell and a low-concentration chamber of the multi-stage reverse electrodialysis device. The application has the advantages of simple structure, cooperative closed-loop operation of concentration difference power generation, electrolytic waste heat recovery and online seawater desalination, energy cascade utilization and material closed loop, and reduced hydrogen production energy consumption.