180 results about "Voltameter" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of ammeter fault detection, and provides an intelligent ammeter series arc fault detection method, system and device, a medium and equipment, and the method comprises the steps: firstly obtaining an ammeter data set of an intelligent ammeter, which comprises a pre-ammeter voltage, a post-ammeter voltage and a total loop current in a continuous power frequency period, and then carrying out the division through a sliding time window, obtaining a plurality of ammeter data windows; for each window, calculating a voltage difference sequence and a dynamic loss impedance sequence; when the absolute value of the total loop current is smaller than a preset threshold value, determining the current zero-break interval of each power frequency period and the current zero-break time corresponding to the window; determining an arc voltage estimation value according to a voltage difference between non-zero-break intervals in the zero-break interval; and finally, integrating the current zero break time, the arc voltage estimated value and the dynamic loss impedance of each window to judge whether a series arc fault exists, and if so, triggering a protection action. According to the embodiment of the invention, high-reliability identification of the series arc fault is realized.

The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery electric quantity detection method, electronic equipment and a computer readable storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: reading an original voltage value of a battery through an ADC module, and calculating an actual voltage value; judging whether the battery is in a charging state or not according to the actual voltage value, obtaining a corrected voltage value according to a judgment result, obtaining a compensation value according to the corrected voltage value and the power supply state of the SOC main control chip, and further calculating a compensation voltage value; and updating the sliding window by using the compensation voltage value so as to determine the residual electric quantity of the battery according to the updated average voltage value of the sliding window. By combining voltage correction, a compensation mechanism and a sliding window technology, the stability and the accuracy of battery remaining capacity detection can be ensured, and an additional external voltameter or other peripheral circuits are not needed, so that the production cost of a product is remarkably reduced.

The invention discloses a voltameter monitoring method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of charging. The method is applied to electronic equipment and comprises the steps that monitoring measurement parameters for monitoring the voltameter through all preset burying points are obtained, the monitoring measurement parameters comprise measurement results collected at all the preset burying points, and all the preset burying points are set for the voltameter through burying point driving; and according to the monitoring measurement parameters, the operation state of the voltameter is determined, and the operation state comprises a normal state and an error state. In the running process of the electronic equipment, the voltameter is monitored in a buried point presetting mode, the monitoring and measuring parameters for monitoring the voltameter are obtained in time, whether the voltameter is in the normal state or the error state is determined based on the monitoring and measuring parameters, the effect of monitoring the voltameter in the electronic equipment is achieved, and the safety of the electronic equipment is improved. The measurement result of the voltameter at the preset burying point can be collected in time, and the efficiency of monitoring the voltameter of the electronic equipment is improved.

Disclosed are a battery diagnosis apparatus and a battery diagnosis method. The battery diagnosis apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a processor for controlling a stimulus application device to intermittently apply a second electrical stimulus greater than a first electrical stimulus to a target cell during a state change period; and a communication unit configured to obtain current time series data during the state change period and voltage time series data indicating a change history of a full cell voltage of the target cell at rest periods of the second electrical stimulus assigned to the state change period. The processor generates a measured full cell profile of the target cell on the basis of the current time series data and the voltage time series data, and analyzes the measured full cell profile to estimate a positive electrode loading amount of the target cell.

The invention discloses a method for determining the electric quantity of a battery and terminal equipment, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining charging and discharging data in the charging and discharging process of a first battery currently connected with the terminal equipment, and enabling the charging and discharging data to comprise the charging data of the first battery in the charging process and / or the discharging data of the first battery in the discharging process; under the condition that it is determined that a data updating condition is currently met according to the charging and discharging data, according to at least one of first capacity, second capacity and third capacity, the current full-charge capacity of the first battery is determined, the first capacity is historical full-charge capacity stored in a flash memory of a voltameter of the terminal equipment, and the second capacity is historical full-charge capacity stored in a flash memory of the voltameter of the terminal equipment; the second capacity is the preset full charge capacity of the first battery, and the third capacity is equal to the total capacitance charged in the charging process or the total capacitance discharged in the discharging process. The precision and efficiency of electricity quantity learning of the voltameter can be improved, the applicability and flexibility of the scheme can be improved, and the user experience is better.

The invention relates to a method for testing floating charge heat loss of a sodium salt battery. The method comprises the following steps: S1, placing a sodium salt battery pack on a tray in a blast thermostat; s2, connecting a heating sheet in the sodium salt battery pack with a heating loop; s3, connecting a thermocouple in the sodium salt battery pack with a temperature monitoring control circuit; s4, connecting an ampere meter in the heating loop, connecting voltmeters at two ends of the heating sheet, and connecting the ampere meter and the voltmeters with a data acquisition instrument; s5, heating the sodium salt battery pack for 12-16 hours by using a heating power supply, and setting the blast thermostat at a constant temperature; s6, after heating is completed, continuously carrying out heat preservation and temperature control on the sodium salt battery pack for 8 hours; recording voltage and current data acquired by the data acquisition instrument, and continuously acquiring for 8 hours; and S8, calculating the floating charge heat loss power, and completing the test. According to the method for testing the floating charge heat loss of the sodium salt battery, the overall heat loss of the battery pack can be simply measured with high precision.

Techniques for early detection of a local normal zone in superconducting magnets are provided. A superconducting magnet may include an insulated superconductor that is arranged along the primary non-insulated winding of the magnet. If a portion of the primary winding heats up, this may cause the insulated superconductor co-winding to also heat up. A quench may be detected by connecting ends of the co-winding to a voltage meter because heating of the co-winding may produce a measurable change in its resistance.

The invention relates to the technical field of data processing, in particular to an automatic detection method for electrical performance of a water cooling system. Obtaining a voltage suspected abnormal moment according to a voltage difference characteristic between any moment and an adjacent historical time period in the voltage time sequence; obtaining a temperature interval and a voltage characterization value according to the temperature distribution characteristics and the voltage distribution characteristics in the temperature and voltage association diagram; and according to the humidity difference characteristics of the voltage suspected abnormal moment and the historical time period in the humidity time sequence and the voltage distribution characteristics of the temperature interval where the temperature of the voltage suspected abnormal moment is located, obtaining the temperature and voltage correlation credibility. According to the voltage characterization value of the temperature interval where the temperature at the suspected voltage abnormal moment is located, the difference characteristic of the voltage at the suspected voltage abnormal moment and the temperature and voltage correlation credibility, the voltage abnormal degree is obtained, the electrical performance of the water cooling system is detected, and the detection accuracy is improved.

The invention discloses a switching power supply, a discharge method, a storage medium and a program product, and relates to the technical field of power supplies, and the switching power supply comprises an input filter capacitor which is connected in parallel between a live line and a zero line of an AC source and is used for suppressing electromagnetic interference; the bleeder circuit unit is connected to the two ends of the input filter capacitor in parallel and used for releasing charges stored in the input filter capacitor under the condition that the switching power supply is in an abnormal power-off state so as to ensure that the input filter capacitor is discharged to a safe voltage level within a specified time range; the non-leakage circuit unit is used for collecting the output voltage of the alternating current source; and the processing unit is used for disconnecting the bleeder circuit unit under the condition that the output voltage of the alternating current source represents that the switching power supply is in a normal power supply state, thereby solving the problem that the overall efficiency of the power supply is reduced because a bleeder resistor consumes too much power when the power supply works normally in the prior art.

Disclosed are a battery diagnosis apparatus and a battery diagnosis method. The battery diagnosis apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a processor that controls a stimulus application apparatus to intermittently apply a second electrical stimulus, which is greater than a first electrical stimulus, to a target cell during a state change period; and a communication unit that obtains current time-series data during the state change period and voltage time-series data indicating a change history of a full cell voltage of the target cell during rest periods of the second electrical stimulus applied during the state change period. The processor generates a measured full cell profile on the basis of the current time-series data and the voltage time-series data and analyzes the measured full cell profile to estimate an anode scale factor.

The invention belongs to the field of power system transient stability, and provides an AC / DC system sending end transient overvoltage suppression method based on an improved VDCOL curve. Comprising the following steps: 1) constructing an LCC-HVDC system of which a sending end system comprises a new energy unit; obtaining the bus power consumption of each node of the LCC-HVDC system, and carrying out the normalization processing; 2) substituting the obtained electrical quantity into a transient overvoltage expression, and evaluating whether the voltage of each node exceeds a transient overvoltage discrimination index; the method comprises the following steps: deducing a sending-end bus transient overvoltage expression of the LCC-HVDC system according to a short-circuit ratio; constructing a transient overvoltage evaluation index according to the expression; and judging whether the LCC-HVDC system generates transient overvoltage or not according to the evaluation index, and suppressing the transient overvoltage at a sending-end bus by switching a control curve of a VDCOL link to realize the stability of system operation.

The invention relates to the field of energy accumulator design. A traction battery for a highly automated autonomous vehicle includes: a housing in which modules connected in series are mounted; a heating system comprising a heating mat disposed between the modules; and a control system. The modules are arranged in two layers. Each module includes lithium iron phosphate-based rechargeable cells interconnected in series that are electrically isolated from each other. And the control system comprises a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor which are arranged on each module, a voltmeter for each battery cell in the module, and a current sensor for loading and unloading the power supply module. The invention makes it possible to increase the nominal voltage and operating temperature range during discharge, and to provide safer maintenance of the traction battery.

The invention provides a POS machine detection method and a POS machine, a voltameter is arranged in the POS machine, a voltameter chip is arranged in the voltameter, and the detection method comprises the steps that when a voltameter driver is loaded, the voltameter chip is verified; if the chip of the voltameter is abnormal, reporting abnormal information to the Android system; if the voltameter chip is normal, loading a voltameter chip driver, and reading battery data of the POS machine; according to the battery data, different states of the POS machine are processed, and the states of the POS machine comprise the state that the POS machine is only connected with a charger to be started, the state that the POS machine is connected with a battery again after being started, and different batteries are replaced when the POS machine is in the standby state. According to the invention, the situation that the newly accessed battery and the accessed battery are possibly detached after the POS machine is started is considered, and different states of the POS machine can be processed.

The invention discloses a high-thermal-conductivity ultrathin silica gel gasket and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of thermal conductive materials. The high-heat-conductivity ultrathin silica gel gasket is prepared from silicon rubber, vinyl silicone oil, MQ silicon resin, a coupling agent, dimethyl silicone oil, hydrogen-containing silicone oil, an inhibitor, a catalyst and heat-conducting powder according to specific mass parts, wherein the heat-conducting powder is prepared by compounding sphere-like aluminum oxide and multi-particle-size spherical aluminum oxide; by accurately controlling the performance parameters of each component and the particle size distribution and mass ratio of the heat-conducting powder, collaborative optimization of the heat-conducting property, the processing property and the structural stability is realized. The heat conductivity coefficient of the prepared high-heat-conductivity ultrathin silica gel gasket is larger than or equal to 5.0 W / (m.K), the thickness can be as low as 0.25 mm, the heat resistance is smaller than or equal to 0.21 K.in / W, the breakdown voltage is larger than or equal to 3.7 kV, needle holes and stripping phenomena do not exist in the surface, and the high-heat-conductivity ultrathin silica gel gasket meets the heat dissipation requirement of precise electronic equipment. The preparation method is simple in process, high in controllability and suitable for industrial production.

The utility model relates to the field of battery internal resistance detection, in particular to a direct current screen capable of detecting battery internal resistance and system insulation, which comprises a direct current screen body. A bottom plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the DC screen body, first groove bodies penetrate through the left and right ends of the DC screen body, first bearing plates are fixedly connected to the bottom surfaces of the inner walls of the first groove bodies, and adjustable rheostats are placed at the upper ends of the first bearing plates. By arranging the rebound mechanism, when current or voltage is too large, the first electric cylinder is started to enable the output shaft of the first electric cylinder to extend out of the groove, and the spring which is originally in a compressed state jacks up the sliding block and drives the second electric cylinder, the fixing block and the third bearing plate to move upwards; the outer walls of the first insulating cylinder and the second insulating cylinder are made of insulating materials, so that the insulating protection of the device can be improved.

A method of measuring ultra-low concentration of a target analyte in a host fluid includes placing a droplet by a micropipette having an ejection tip, positioned by a micro-positioner, configured to position the ejection tip atop a first electrode in electrochemical contact with an electrolyte disposed in a first vessel, such that a droplet having an initial radius comprising of a target analyte in a host fluid can be deposited atop the first electrode, iteratively applying a potential to the first electrode and measuring electrical current between the first electrode and a second electrode in electrochemical contact with the electrolyte based on a predetermined voltage sweep rate, obtaining current vs. voltage curves for each voltameter iteration, identifying redox or oxidation peaks for each voltameter iteration based on a predetermined criterion, and determining target analyte concentration based on the identified redox or oxidation peaks.

The invention relates to the technical field of aerosol generating devices, and discloses a voltameter data processing method and an aerosol generating device. The aerosol generating device comprises a battery cell, a voltameter and a controller, the voltameter data processing method comprises the steps of determining whether to update a target learning data set according to a preset time rule, a current learning data set and the target learning data set stored in a flash memory of the controller, and when it is determined that the target learning data set is updated, determining whether the target learning data set is updated. Updating the target learning data set to be consistent with the current learning data set; and after the voltameter is reinitialized, according to a target learning data set stored in the flash memory of the controller and the current learning data set, determining whether to update the current learning data set, and when it is determined that the current learning data set is updated, updating the current learning data to be consistent with the learning data set. Therefore, the influence that the voltameter is powered down or enters an ultra-low power consumption mode can be avoided, and the accuracy of the remaining power percentage displayed by the aerosol generation device is improved.

The present application discloses a battery system and a power supply system. The battery system comprises a processing circuit, a constant current source and a plurality of battery packs; each battery pack comprises at least one sampling resistor; the sampling resistors of all the battery packs are connected in series across the constant current source; voltages across the constant current source can directly reflect corresponding voltage protection values when different numbers of battery packs are connected in series; the processing circuit is connected across the constant current source, and uses the voltage across the constant current source as a voltage protection value to compare same with a voltage after the plurality of battery packs are connected in series. According to the battery system provided by the present application, the voltage protection value is directly represented by means of the voltage across the constant current source, and there is no need for an installation worker to open a switch box on site to adjust the voltage protection value by means of a DIP switch, thereby achieving convenience and rapidness, improving the safety, and reducing personnel costs.

The invention relates to a device and method for measuring the resistance of a spherical furnace burden, and belongs to the technical field of metallurgical production. The device comprises an insulating shell and a furnace charge placing cavity arranged in the shell and used for accommodating a furnace charge to be detected. An opening is formed in the top side of the furnace charge containing cavity and is closed through an adjusting plate in sliding fit with the insulating shell, and a first contact pin and a second contact pin are installed on the adjusting plate. Four upright posts are arranged at the bottom of the placing cavity, two upright posts are insulators, and the other two upright posts are a third contact pin and a fourth contact pin which are made of conductors. The first contact pin and the third contact pin are connected with a voltmeter through wires to form a voltage loop. The second contact pin and the fourth contact pin are connected with the ammeter through wires to form a current loop. The method comprises the following steps: placing a spherical furnace charge in an insulating shell, adjusting the contact position of a contact pin and the furnace charge, supplying power by using a constant-current power supply, recording voltage and current values, and calculating the contact resistance according to R = U / I. The device effectively reduces the influence of wire resistance and contact resistance on a measurement result, improves the accuracy of low-resistance measurement, and is suitable for spherical furnace charges with different particle sizes and components, including waste steel, direct reduction iron and the like. The sliding design of the adjusting plate simplifies the operation process and improves the test efficiency.

The utility model discloses a power line conduction emission environment noise testing device. The device comprises a metal box, a passive load module and a fan heat dissipation module. The passive load module is arranged on the upper portion in the metal box, the fan heat dissipation module is arranged on the lower portion in the metal box, and the passive load module and the fan heat dissipation module are separated through a metal partition plate. The passive load module comprises a first connector, an air switch, a plurality of mechanical voltmeters and a plurality of RLC circuits. The fan heat dissipation module comprises a second connector, a switch, a filter and an electric fan. The load has resistance characteristics, capacitive reactance and inductive reactance effects, the impedance of the load can be adjusted, environmental noise under different load impedances can be detected, whether the environmental noise of a laboratory meets the standard test requirement or not can be effectively detected, the test mode is closer to the test mode of a tested product, the test result is more accurate, and the test efficiency is improved. And the interference of environmental noise on the test of the tested product can be eliminated.

The present invention relates to the technical field of power distribution cabinet equipment, and specifically to a power distribution cabinet that is convenient for dividing the internal space, including: a power distribution cabinet chassis, a voltmeter and an ammeter, wherein the voltmeter is lifted and moved on the left and right sides of the power distribution cabinet chassis, and the ammeter is detachable from the inner rear side of the power distribution cabinet chassis. The present invention cooperates between turbine line 1, turbine line 2, an inclined circular plate, an optical axis, a wind blade plate, a fan blade and an air intake hole, and is driven by external wind force to allow external air to automatically enter the outer ends of turbine line 1 and turbine line 2 through the air intake hole, and then uses the principle of a turbo compressor to compress the cold air to increase the energy of the air, thereby forming hot air, and finally entering the power distribution cabinet chassis, without the need to use external equipment and energy supply devices such as electric energy, thereby achieving energy saving while also avoiding damage to the voltmeter and the ammeter at low temperatures of 25 degrees or even lower, and no manual operation on time is required.

The present invention relates to an electronic lock (1) with a battery (3) and emergency energy charge consisting of a power source (2) which is formed by a battery voltage meter (3a), a blocking diode (2a), a capacitor (2b) and a capacitor voltage meter (2b1), which powers a microcontroller (5) and a motor (8) to actuate an actuator (9) that actuates a locking element (10) during its opening or closing movement when an energy switch (6) is actuated. The microcontroller (5) is capable of detecting that the voltage of the battery (3) is less than 3.3 V, by means of the battery voltage meter (3a), allowing the capacitor (2b) to be charged with energy by means of the emergency energy emitting device (7), via an antenna (4) of the electronic lock (1).

The application relates to the field of batteries, in particular to a battery SOC estimation method, an estimation system and a power battery system. The battery SOC estimation method comprises the following steps: A, obtaining a display SOC value by using an ampere-hour integration method; B, detecting a dynamic voltage of a battery charging system, and obtaining a corrected SOC value in a dynamic voltage / SOC matrix table according to the dynamic voltage; and C, comparing the display SOC value with the corrected SOC value, and determining a display mode of the display SOC value according to a comparison result. Compared with the prior art, the battery SOC estimation method provided by the application can obtain a corrected SOC value in a dynamic voltage / SOC table according to a dynamic voltage of a battery system during charging, compare the corrected SOC value with a display SOC value obtained by using an ampere-hour integration method, determine a final display SOC value according to a comparison result, and thus can ensure that the residual capacity of the battery can be accurately fed back before the vehicle starts discharging after being charged, which is a great progress in the field.

The application relates to the technical field of electrostatic detection, and discloses an electrostatic detection equipment for an anti-static protective film, which comprises a test table, a static voltage tester fixedly connected to the top of the test table, a base plate fixedly connected to the top of the test table, a sliding frame slidingly connected to the inner wall of the test table, an extrusion block slidingly connected to the inner wall of the sliding frame, and an electric telescopic rod II. The electric telescopic rod II is started to extend, a connecting frame is pushed to move, a gas pressure frame and a connecting rod are driven to move, the connecting rod is extruded upwards by the extrusion of the concave plate and the convex plate, a spring piston block is driven to rise, a lifting assembly and a discharge assembly are used to generate negative pressure in the gas pressure frame, bubbles between the protective film and the base plate are simultaneously attracted, the bubbles move towards the edge area of the protective film, the bubbles are discharged, the bubbles remaining between the protective film and the base plate are effectively prevented, the peeling process of the protective film is not unstable, the generated static voltage is not greatly fluctuated, and the accuracy of detection data is ensured.

The invention discloses an FCA-UKF lithium battery pack SOC estimation method comprising the following steps: providing a dynamic weighted voltage characterization method to construct a virtual unit model of a lithium battery pack, and through the virtual unit model, significantly reducing the calculated amount, adapting to battery inconsistency, and ensuring efficient and accurate SOC estimation; selecting an equivalent circuit model, and establishing a system state space equation; on the basis of HPPC working condition test data, model parameters are identified in combination with a least square method with a forgetting factor; and estimating the SOC of the whole battery pack in combination with a virtual unit model. According to the method, a fuzzy covariance adaptive unscented Kalman filter (FCA-UKF) algorithm is provided, the process noise covariance is adaptively adjusted on the basis of the unscented Kalman filter algorithm, the difference value between the actual variance and the theoretical variance of the measured noise is monitored in real time in combination with a fuzzy controller, real-time online adjustment of a measured noise covariance matrix is achieved, and the real-time online adjustment of the measured noise covariance matrix is achieved. The accuracy and stability of state estimation can be improved while the filtering precision is ensured.

The utility model discloses a voice-controlled vehicle low-voltage equipment detection device, which belongs to the technical field of vehicle detection and comprises a shell, a voice module is arranged in the shell, the output end of the voice module is electrically connected with a three-way relay module, and a direct-current voltmeter electrically connected with a second lithium battery pack is fixed on the side surface of the shell. The direct current voltmeter is electrically connected with a third conductive clamp, the first conductive clamp, the second conductive clamp and the third conductive clamp are located outside the shell, and the three-way relay module is electrically connected with a third lithium battery pack; according to the utility model, the programmable sound control module is specially used for the voltage platform of the vehicle low-voltage equipment, so that the problems of non-universality and inconvenience of the existing detection method are solved, detection personnel can detect the low-voltage equipment more simply and conveniently, and the warehousing detection efficiency of products is improved.

A battery diagnosis apparatus and a battery diagnosis method are disclosed. The battery diagnosis apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a processor for controlling a stimulus application device to intermittently apply, to a target cell, a second electrical stimulus that is greater than a first electrical stimulus, during a state change period; and a communication unit for acquiring current time-series data during the state change period and voltage time-series data indicating a change history of a full cell voltage of the target cell in resting periods of the second electrical stimulus provided in the state change period. The processor generates a measurement full cell profile on the basis of the current time-series data and the voltage time-series data, and analyzes the measurement full cell profile so as to estimate a negative electrode participation end point.

Provided in the present invention are a charging method and an electronic device, which can be applied to the technical field of electronics. The charging method comprises: upon determining that the electronic device is in a first charging gear of a fast charging stage, obtaining a battery voltage measurement result from a voltameter; and when the charging current reaches a current threshold value corresponding to the first charging gear, and the battery voltage reaches a voltage threshold value corresponding to the first charging gear, ending the charging stage corresponding to the first charging gear. The battery voltage is measured via a voltameter, the battery voltage measurement error of which is generally 7.5 mV, which is relatively smaller than the battery voltage measurement error of a fast charging chip; therefore, by measuring the battery voltage via the voltameter, the voltage threshold value corresponding to a charging gear can be configured to be relatively higher, thereby increasing the duration of the fast charging stage or a charging stage having a larger charging current, and increasing the charging time in the charging stage having a larger charging current, thus reducing the charging time in the other stages and saving overall charging time.

The application relates to a low-voltage distribution network topology identification method based on weighted Mahalanobis distance and granularity clustering, which comprises the following steps: collecting the voltage sequence of each user's electric meter box under each block as a sample point; using an improved weighted Mahalanobis distance to calculate the weighted Mahalanobis distance between each voltage meter sequence; calculating the density between the sample points according to the weighted Mahalanobis distance between two voltage meter sequences; for each sample point, constantly obtaining the sample point closest to the current sample point and having increased density, clustering, determining the clustering center, and discriminating the block to which the user belongs according to the clustering result. Compared with the prior art, the application is simple to realize, only needs to measure the voltage data of the smart electric meter, does not need to increase additional measuring equipment in the system, and the calculation result of the weighted Mahalanobis distance is more relevant and can better reflect the similarity relationship between the data.

This invention relates to a method and apparatus for measuring the voltage of a secondary battery. Existing methods for assessing the state of charge (SOC) of a battery can only be performed when the battery is not in operation, and therefore cannot reflect the battery's true SOC. This method involves connecting the positive and negative electrodes of the secondary battery to a first voltmeter to measure a first voltage; placing a positive-side voltage measuring probe on the positive electrode side of the secondary battery, and symmetrically, placing a negative-side voltage measuring probe on the negative electrode side; connecting the positive and negative-side voltage measuring probes to a second voltmeter to measure a second voltage; and taking the average of the first and second voltages as the measured voltage value of the secondary battery for assessing its remaining capacity. This invention enables rapid, accurate, and effective measurement of the secondary battery voltage while it is in operation, thereby allowing for more precise management of the energy storage of the secondary battery.