The invention relates to the field of semiconductor packaging, and discloses an epoxy resin composition and a preparation method and application thereof, the epoxy resin composition comprises epoxy resin, phenolic resin, a curing accelerator, a filler, a release agent, a coupling agent and an adhesion accelerator; wherein the adhesion promoter comprises a first adhesion promoter and an optional second adhesion promoter; the first adhesion promoter is selected from at least one of a thiazole compound, a thiadiazole compound and a pyrazole compound. According to the epoxy resin composition, groups such as amino groups, sulfydryl groups and the like in molecules of the adhesion promoter and hydroxyl groups on metal form hydrogen-bond interaction or N and S atom lone electron pairs and metal atom empty orbits form covalent bonds, so that adhesion between a system and a nickel-plated copper framework is enhanced; meanwhile, the epoxy resin composition has necessary flowability, formability and flame retardance.