The invention discloses a handheld inspection device of a EMOS (enhanced metal oxide semiconductor) for accurately detecting the parameters of electric equipment, realizing the paperless office and guaranteeing the reality and the reliability of the data standards, and comprises a handheld data terminal, a client computer and a server computer, wherein an inspection data collecting module is arranged in the handheld data terminal and is used for user leading, user register, data entry, data transmission, conventional inspection, random inspection, equipment inspection and inspection record inquiry; a communication control module is arranged in the handheld data terminal, the client computer and the server computer and is used for the communication of the random inspection, the equipment inspection and the inspection record inquire; and an inspection data managing module is arranged in the server computer and is used for the arrangement of the inspection equipment, the arrangement of an inspection group, the arrangement of an inspection route, the arrangement of an inspection task, the inspection record, the historical record of the inspection, the abnormal record of the inspectionand the arrangement of a dictionary. The invention also provides a handheld inspection method of the EMOS.