The invention discloses an efficient MSK direct spread communication detecting method. The method comprises the steps that firstly, a non-cooperative receiver searches for, monitors and samples related frequency bands, an internal high-speed processing chip carries out segmentation self-correlation and square operation on sampling data, the processed sampling data are accumulated to reduce the adverse effect of noise, and the value of a symbol period Ts is estimated by searching for peak values of an accumulation sequence and calculating the interval between adjacent peak values; secondly, delay multiplying, high pass, fast Fourier transform and other processing are carried out on a receiving signal to estimate the time width Tc of an MSK spread spectrum system chip; thirdly, on the basis of the analysis and process, the Tc delay multiplying, low pass, Hilbert transform, Ts window sliding observing and other analyzing processing are carried out on the receiving signal, and a spread spectrum pseudorandom sequence of the spread spectrum system can be estimated. The needed operations are easy to process, detecting speed is high, and the method can meet the requirement for non-cooperative communication detecting.