The invention discloses a large-field-of-view image space telecentric conoscopic optical system for industrial chromaticity and brightness detection, and the system consists of a front lens group and a rear lens group, and a sixth spherical lens is disposed between the front lens group and the rear lens group. The front group of lenses comprises a first spherical lens, a second spherical lens, a third spherical lens, a fourth spherical lens and a fifth glued spherical lens; and the rear group of lenses comprises a seventh spherical lens, an eighth spherical lens, a ninth spherical lens, a tenth spherical lens, an eleventh spherical lens, a twelfth cemented spherical lens, a thirteenth spherical lens, a fourteenth spherical lens and an image surface. The device and the method have the beneficial effects that visual angle performance measurement data of a display can be quickly and accurately acquired in real time, the chromaticity, brightness and contrast of multi-angle light source distribution under a large visual angle are measured, visual angle data of a complete cone is acquired through single measurement, an accurate measurement result is quickly provided, and the measurement accuracy is improved. And the system can become a choice for various research and development projects and online production quality control applications.