The invention discloses a method for quickly positioning a reinforcing mesh and precisely forming and assembling segmental reinforcing steel bar components. The method comprises the following steps of: 1, a rail sliding device is arranged, and inner and outer side moving platforms are erected; 2, a bottom positioning device is installed, and a reinforcing mesh is hoisted in; 3, after the inner-layer steel bar mesh is hoisted in, the tops of the steel bars are fixed through an inner-layer top positioning device; 4, after the secondary outer-layer reinforcing mesh is hoisted in, a temporary supporting device is adopted for fixing; 5, after the outermost layer of reinforcing mesh is hoisted in, the two outer layers of reinforcing meshes are fixed through an outer side top positioning device;6, the drag hook ribs are inserted and bound in a penetrating mode, and assembling and splicing of the steel bar components are completed; and 7, the top positioning device is dismounted, the sectionof steel bar component is lifted out, and the next section of steel bar component is assembled. According to the method, high-altitude operation of high piers, high towers and the like is effectivelyconverted into bottom surface operation, the specialization and industrialization degree of steel bar construction is remarkably improved, cost reduction and efficiency increase are achieved, and highpopularization value is achieved.