The invention relates to a high-safety solid-state electrolyte and a preparation method thereof, and application in a lithium secondary battery. According to the invention, a solid-state electrolyte precursor solution comprises a lithium salt, an isocyanate-containing compound and a hydroxyl-containing polymer monomer, a solid-state electrolyte is obtained by polymerizing the precursor solution, the polymerization temperature ranges from 20 DEG C to 80 DEG C, the solid-state electrolyte precursor solution further comprises one or more of a plasticizer, an active monomer, an initiator and a catalyst, and the solid-state electrolyte contains polymerizable groups, and can be subjected to a polymerization reaction at a temperature higher than 100 DEG C to form a polymer with a cross-linked network structure, so that the lithium battery does not generate internal short circuit under extremely high temperature conditions such as heat abuse and the like, and the safety performance of the lithium battery is improved.