The invention discloses a water-soluble fertilizer containing coffee enzymes and a preparation method of the water-soluble fertilizer and belongs to the technical field of biological organic fertilizer preparation and utilization. The water-soluble fertilizer is prepared from components in percentage by mass as follows: 30%-70% of fresh coffee peels, 0-12% of bananas, 3.5%-15% of tomatoes, 0-5% of pineapples, 0-6% of tapioca flour residues, 0.5%-10% of mangoes, 0.4%-1.2% of saccharomycetes, 0.5%-2.5% of urea, 2%-8% of calcium superphosphate, 0.3%-2% of potassium sulfate, 0.1%-0.6% of zinc sulfate, 0.1%-0.5% of borax, 0.5%-1.2% of brown sugar or molasses and 3%-40% of water, and the sum of the components is 100%. The product contains rich enzymes, vitamins, mineral substances, amino acids and microelements, fruits and vegetables grow vigorously after the fertilizer is applied, plant root systems are developed, diseases and insect pests are effectively reduced and prevented, the microbial population of soil is improved, the soil is improved, the yield and the quality of the fruits and vegetables are improved, and the water-soluble fertilizer is economical and environment-friendly.