The invention relates to a
magnetorheological elastomer collision buffering energy absorber with a variable
magnetic circuit. The energy absorber comprises a front end cover, a spiral spring, control lines, a controller, a first
excitation coil, a second
excitation coil, a
force transducer, a
signal wire, a shell, a magnetorheological compression unit, a magnetorheological
cutting unit and an excitation iron core, wherein the front end cover is connected with the shell through the spiral spring; the controller is connected with the first
excitation coil and the second excitation coil through the control lines, and is connected with the
force transducer through the
signal wire; the
force transducer is arranged between the bottom of the shell and an automobile beam, the second excitation coil is preset in the magnetorheological
cutting unit, an inner ring of the magnetorheological
cutting unit is connected with the excitation iron core, and an outer ring is connected with the shell; and the first excitation coil is placed in the shell, the magnetorheological compression unit is connected with the center position of the bottom of the shell, and the front end cover is fixedly connected with a front bumper. The energy absorber has the characteristics of adjusting
structural rigidity in real time, and fully giving full play to the characteristics of cutting and compression of a
magnetorheological elastomer, and can reasonably absorb and manage collision energy under the complicated collision working condition.