The invention discloses a method and device for generating a train control system temporary speed limit message test case, relates to the technical field of railway control system maintenance, and aims to automatically generate the train control system temporary speed limit message test case, reduce repeated labor of data producers and enable the test case generation process to be safe and efficient. According to the main technical scheme, the method comprises the steps that an engineering data table is read, wherein the engineering data table at least comprises an access information table, asplit-phase information table, a transponder position table, a signal point track section data table, a line slope table, a mileage system information table, a line mileage broken link detail table and a line speed table; when a test scene generation request triggered by a user is received, generating a test scene by calling the engineering data table; when an expected result calculation request triggered by a user is received, calculating an expected result corresponding to the test scene by calling a preset rule; and generating a test case according to the test scene and the corresponding expected result and feeding back the test case to the user.