The invention discloses a flame-retardant fire extinguishing agent based on hydrophobic particles, which consists of 4.9-9.5 parts by mass of foaming agent, 3.5-8.6 parts by mass of stabilizer, 26.5-43.5 parts by mass of hydrophobic solid particles, and the rest is an aqueous solution The mixture formed, the foaming agent is vegetable hydrolyzed protein or licorice powder; the stabilizer is ferric chloride, and the hydrophobic solid particles are fly ash particles, potassium salt dry powder, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate dry powder, phosphoric acid A mixture of one or more of diamine dry powder, phosphoric acid dry powder, amino dry powder, and mica particles; the solvent of the aqueous solution is water, and the solute is one or more of potassium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, ammonium carbonate, and potassium chloride mixture of species. The fire extinguishing agent provided by the present invention can evenly adhere to the oily substance, and the foaming agent can rapidly combine the uncovered area freely to form a covering layer, which isolates the necessary oxygen needed for combustion, and forms combustibles and The physical isolation between oxygen has achieved the effect of fire extinguishing.