The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicinal composition for preventing and treating rheumatism, wherein radix gentianae macrophyllae has the efficacy of expelling wind-damp, relaxing muscles and dredging collaterals, and clearing away heat and toxic materials; radix saposhnikoviae has the efficacy of expelling pathogenic wind from the body surface, removing dampness to relieve pain and realizing spasmolysis; Chinese angelica has the effects of promoting blood circulation to arrest pain, and smoothing intestine and relieving constipation; rhizoma chuanxiong has the efficacy of promoting blood and Qi circulation, and dispelling wind and relieving pain; radix paeoniae alba has the efficacy of nourishing blood and retaining Yin with astringent, nourishing liver and relieving pain, and repressing liver Yang; radix rehmanniae preparata has the effects of nourishing blood and Yin, supplementing essence and nourishing marrow; fructus chaenomelis has the efficacy of relaxing tendons and activating collaterals, and removing dampness to restore normal functioning of the stomach; rhizoma seu radix notopterygii has the efficacy of expelling wind and removing cold, and removing dampness to relieve pain; radix angelicae pubescentis has the efficacy of expelling wind and removing cold, and relieving arthritis pain; cortex cinnamomi has the advantages of tonifying fire and helping Yang, and eliminating cold to stop pain; Chinese ephedra herb has the efficacy of relieving exterior syndrome by diaphoresis, and inducing diuresis for removing edema; poria cocos has the efficacy of clearing damp and promoting diuresis, tonifying spleen and calming the nerves; liquorice root has the efficacy of invigorating spleen and replenishing Qi, and relieving medicinal properties; radix scrophulariae has the efficacy of nourishing Yin and promoting the production of body fluid, and resolving toxin and dissipate binds; radix achyranthis bidentatae has the efficacy of strengthening muscles and bones, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, and relieving stranguria by diuresis. By organic combination, the traditional Chinese medicinal composition has remarkable curative effect on rheumatism; by a large amount of clinical applications, good effect is realized.