38 results about "Contamination index" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural land environment pollution evaluation, and particularly relates to a method for evaluating heavy metal pollution and potential ecological risks of agricultural land. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, performing sampling, then chemically measuring the content of heavy metals in soil, and on the basis of analyzing the pollution degree of agricultural land by adopting a land accumulation index method and an improved inner Meiluo comprehensive pollution index method, providing a set of new evaluation method for comprehensively considering the soil, the pollution space-time trend, the diagenetic effect, the influence of human activities on the environment and other aspects. According to the method, the limitation of atraditional potential ecological risk evaluation method is overcome; accuracy and scientificity of agricultural land heavy metal pollution risk evaluation are improved to a certain extent, ecologicalrisks of heavy metals in soil can be comprehensively and accurately evaluated, and substantial method guidance is provided for agricultural land heavy metal pollution monitoring, environmental management and ecological protection.

The invention discloses an ultrasonic electrolysis based automatic decontamination system for removing radioactive surface contamination. According to electrochemical principles, an object to be decontaminated is taken as an anode, the wall of a first decontamination pit is taken as a cathode, contaminant is dissolved uniformly by the aid of chemical decontamination solution, contamination nuclide is dissolved in the decontamination solution, then ultrasonic decontamination is carried out repeatedly; and further, the object is heated and soaked and finally is sprayed and then dried by a spraying and drying measurement device; after radioactive surface contamination index of the object to be decontaminated is detected, whether the object is needed to be decontaminated again or not is determined; the decontamination work is finished until the surface of the object to be decontaminated reaches the radioactive surface contamination control index. The ultrasonic electrolysis based automatic decontamination system realizes surface decontamination, automatic drying, online monitoring, conveying and recovering of the object to be decontaminated, and has effect of reducing dispersion of radioactive contamination. Besides, emission of radioactive waste liquid is reduced by reuse of the decontamination solution, work efficiency is improved, labor intensity of working personal is reduced, and exposure dose of the working personal is lowered.

The invention belongs to the technical field of evaluation of heavy metal content of soil in a mining area and discloses an evaluation method and system for heavy metal content characteristics and potential risks of the soil. The potential risks of the soil in the Ili mining area are analyzed through collecting a soil sample and chemically determining the heavy metal content of the soil by adopting a single factor index method, a Nemerow comprehensive pollution index method and a geoaccumulation index method. According to the evaluation method and system, disclosed by the invention, six heavymetal pollution degrees of the soil are as follows in sequence: the pollution degree of Dadamutu coal mine is Cd>Pd>Zn>Cr>Cu>Ni; the pollution degree of Chinghua coal mine is Cd>Pd>Zn>Cu>Cr>Ni; the pollution degree of Tichanggou coal mine is Cd>Pd>Zn>Cu>Cr>Ni; the heavy metal accumulation condition in the soil of the three mining areas is the Tichanggou coal mine>the Chinghua coal mine>the Dadamutu coal mine. The evaluation method and system, disclosed by the invention can provide theoretical basis for post-period pollution management of heavy metal pollution of the soil in the Ili mining area, repairing of heavy metal polluted soil in the Ili mining area and ecological environment protection work of Ili.

The invention discloses a method for establishing the heavy metal content space model of a coal mining area. The method is characterized in comprising the step of utilizing an ArcGIS Geostatistical Analyst expansion module to research the spatial structure features of the contents and the comprehensive pollution indexes of eight heavy metals in the coal mining area. Specifically, eight steps are adopted. The contents, which are measured in the same area, of eight heavy metals and Nemerow comprehensive indexes are analyzed by two Kriging interpolation methods and eleven semivariable function models, and the contents of eight heavy metals in unmeasured areas in the same area and the Nemerow comprehensive indexes are predicted. By use of the method, data variability can be explored, unreasonable data is searched, the integral change tendency of the data is checked, the spatial correlation degree of the regionalized variable of the heavy metal content of the soil can be presented, spatialdata preprocessing is realized, decision support is provided for preventing, curing and repairing the heavy metal pollution soil of the coal mining area, and the method is suitable for the heavy metalpollution environment research of the coal mining area soil.

The invention discloses a method for monitoring hydrological area pollutant, and the method includes: 1, integrating a SWAT soil water evaluation model and a geographic information model, and evaluating and calculating NH4, TN, TP, COD and sediment content in the hydrology area by using area geographic information; 2: according to the content of pollutants, dividing the color of the sub-region into four levels: green, light green, yellow and red according to the classification rules of pollutants; 3: according to the content of pollutants, drawing out the change trend of pollution index of specified river and specified pollution points and sources; 4: according to the geographic information model, obtaining and adjusting of parameters of the pollution points and sources and new added pollution points and sources, and executing the step 1 until required pollution points and sources are completed; implementing data calculation, display, data output and early warning of hydrological area. The soil water evaluation model is combined with the geographic information model, which improves the calculation accuracy, solves the problem that general data model is not intuitive and is difficult to govern, so that the early warning is clear and intuitive.

The invention relates to an oligonucleotide microarray technique for detecting pathogen contamination in seawater, belonging to the field of seawater contamination monitoring. The technique comprises the main technical schemes that a 16S-23S rRNA gene transcription interval sequence is used as a detection target and is amplified by a one-step polymerase chain reaction, a digoxin mark is obtained simultaneously, and then oligonucleotide hybridization is carried out; and the obtained monitoring result is interpreted in a manner that an enzyme-labeled antibody catalyzes the substrate colour development. Compared with the traditional product for detecting seawater contamination, the invention utilizes microarray detection to obtain the distribution situation of large numbers of pathogens and contamination index bacteria, and has the advantage of high flux; the invention can directly utilize seawater as a sample and truly obtain the contamination situation information of target bacteria under a condition of keeping the natural proportion of the flora number in the seawater; however, most existing detection techniques need the step of enrichment culture, destroy the original proportion of a flora composition, have lower reliability of the result and have longer detection procedure; and the oligonucleotide microarray detection operation has short procedure and is comparatively sensitive and fast.

The invention relates to an analysis method for heavy metal accumulation and morphological characteristic analysis of a main heavy metal pollution source of rice field profile soil. The method comprises the following steps: (1) sample collection; (2) sample pretreatment; (3) sample determination and analysis; (4) a heavy metal pollution evaluation method; (5) data statistical analysis. Accumulatedcharacteristics and form distribution rules of six heavy metal elements (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr and Ni) in profile soil of rice fields near a normal fertilization (organic fertilizers such as pig manure)area, a pig farm biogas slurry irrigation area, a lead-zinc mining area, an industrial area and the like without obvious pollution sources in a long plant pool area in Hunan are taken as research objects, the analysis method effectively overcomes the defects in the prior art, evaluates the pollution risk of the rice field soil in the region by adopting a single pollution index and a comprehensivepollution index, and analyzes a main possible pollution source in the region with the unknown pollution source by utilizing the morphological distribution characteristics of the soil heavy metals inthe region with the known pollution source.

The invention discloses an underground water pollution monitoring network optimization method based on a two-step TOPSIS method. The method comprises the following steps: (1) acquiring coordinate data, pollutant concentration data and regional hydrogeological data of an underground water monitoring well; (2) calculating a typical pollutant weighted comprehensive pollution index and an antifouling performance index of each monitoring well point location; (3) sorting the monitoring capability of the monitoring well by using a TOPSIS method in combination with the two indexes; (4) layering an existing monitoring network scheme based on a stratified sampling idea to obtain an optimization alternative scheme of the number of each monitoring well; and (5) on the basis of comprehensively considering four indexes of alternative scheme space and statistical characteristics, sorting the alternative schemes by adopting a TOPSIS method, and taking the alternative scheme with the highest score as an optimal optimization scheme. The invention provides a method for performing optimization on the basis of an existing groundwater pollution monitoring network, and the method is suitable for other research areas with similar regional characteristics and similar optimization requirements, and has certain generalizability.

The invention relates to a continuous synchronous real-time on-line determination method and instrument for three indexes of TOC, TN and TP. Data obtained by a CO2 detector, data obtained by a nitrate nitrogen detector and data obtained by an orthophosphate detector are transmitted to a data processor together. A set of sampling, acidification, oxidation and data processing systems and three independent detectors are shared, so that continuous synchronous on-line real-time determination on three contamination indexes of total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in water can be realized.

The invention relates to the technical field of soil heavy metal pollution evaluation, and discloses a coal mine area soil heavy metal pollution practical evaluation method, being characterized in that the coal mine area soil heavy metal pollution practical evaluation method is high in feasibility, is high in the practical application research value, takes a coal mine area soil heavy metal background value, a soil baseline value, a single factor pollution index and an inner Meiluo comprehensive pollution index in a coal mine area soil environment, and a potential ecological hazard index in a coal mine area soil pollution risk as basic quantification numerical values to divide soil heavy metal element content pollution degree grades, and then determines a practical evaluation method for coal mine area soil heavy metal pollution. The coal mine area soil heavy metal pollution practical evaluation method provides an effective way for evaluating the environmental quality of the heavy metalcontaminated soil in the coal mine area, can describe and evaluate the heavy metal contaminated condition of the soil more accurately, can improve the effectiveness and accuracy of evaluating the heavy metal contaminated environment of the soil in the coal mine area, and is suitable for application and popularization in research of the heavy metal contaminated soil environment in the coal mine area.

The invention belongs to the technical field of recovery of petroleum polluted environment, and discloses a vacuum suction system, and a method for treating petroleum pollutants by the vacuum suction system. The system comprises a gas-liquid two-phase vacuum suction apparatus, a transmission pump, a primary separator and a controller thereof, a waste gas recovery apparatus, a secondary separator and a controller thereof, a waste oil recovery apparatus and a waste water reflowing apparatus. The method provided by the present invention is characterized in that: the negative pressure is adopted to suck the petroleum pollutants in pumping wells of the gas-liquid two phase vacuum suction apparatus, and suck the petroleum pollutants to the ground surface; the petroleum pollutants are separated through sequentially passing the primary separator and the secondary separator; the separated gas-phase pollutant, the separated oil-phase pollutant and the water-phase pollutant respectively enter in the waste gas recovery apparatus, the waste oil recovery apparatus and the waste water recovery apparatus to complete the treatment for the petroleum pollutants. With the present invention, the method provided by the present invention is applicable for removing the petroleum pollutants existing in various forms in the underground layer; effluent quality is good; petroleum pollutant removing efficiency is more than 98%; each main contamination index meets national integrated wastewater discharge primary standard.

The invention discloses small-sized compound flow type underflow constructed wetland, which comprises a constructed wetland system pool, wherein an impervious layer is arranged in the constructed wetland system pool in a covering way; the upper end of the impervious layer is provided with a silt guide layer; a filling layer is arranged at the upper end of the silt guide layer; a planting layer is arranged at the upper end of the filling layer; aquatic plants are arranged in the planting layer; a water distribution layer is arranged on the planting layer; the roots of the aquatic plants penetrate through the water distribution layer to be arranged in the planting layer; a water distribution pipe is arranged at one side of the outer wall of the constructed wetland system pool; a water collecting ditch is arranged at the other side of the outer wall of the constructed wetland system pool; a water dispersion pipe is arranged in the filling layer; a water outlet pipe is arranged at one side, near the water collecting ditch, of the filling layer; the water outlet pipe is arranged in the water collecting ditch; a water collecting pipe is arranged in the silt guide layer; the water distribution pipe and the water collecting pipe are connected through the water dispersion pipe; a water outlet of the water collecting pipe is formed in the water collecting ditch. By adopting the mode, the small-sized hybrid flow type underflow constructed wetland has the advantages that the automatic operation is realized; the hydraulic load is great; the contamination index removal effect is good; the fetor and mosquito and fly breeding phenomena are reduced; the problem of freeze protection in winter can be effectively solved.

The invention discloses a soil detection device for soil heavy metal remediation. The soil detection device comprises a sensor, a detector, a transmission line and a detector, wherein the sensor and the detector are connected with the detector through the transmission line; a placement cylinder is mounted at the bottom of a sensing assembly, so that a drug for treating soil can be sent to a deeperstratum; meanwhile, a telescopic arm is mounted, so that a detection cone can be retracted into the telescopic arm, and the detection cone does not occupy space and is convenient to carry; a sensingline is arranged on the detection cone and is connected with a sensing head A, so that the soil in a relatively shallow layer can be directly detected; meanwhile, the detection cone has a relatively strong ground grabbing function and has the effect of stabilizing the sensor; a spring push rod is mounted in the detector, so that the length of the detection rod can be prolonged, the deeper stratumis reached, and the pollution index of the penetrated stratum can be more accurately measured; and the sensor is matched, so that the contaminated soil is more accurately remedied.

The invention relates to the field of three-way valves, in particular to one three-way valve convenient for air tightness detection. The three-way valve comprises a main body mechanism, a control mechanism, a detection mechanism, a filtering mechanism and a descaling mechanism. According to the three-way valve convenient for the air tightness detection, waste water passes through a first filter net and a second filter net correspondingly when entering other two outlets through an inlet, the first filter net and the second filter net filter large-particle impurities contained in the waste water, the drain contamination index is made to be better, when the situation that impurities block the first filter net and the second filter net appears, the first filter net and the second filter net are blocked to make the pressure of the middle portion of a three-way valve body be increased, pneumatic balls inside two moving slots perform expansion to squeeze installation rods to make the installation rods rotate around rotating shafts, and then nozzle cleaners are driven to remove the impurities in the first filter net and the second filter net, so that the situation of valve body blocking is disposed in time when the waste water contains more impurities, and the three-way valve convenient for the air tightness detection is made to be more convenient to use.

The invention relates to a regional soil heavy metal pollution index prediction method and device. The regional soil heavy metal pollution index prediction method comprises the following steps: acquiring heavy metal content data of a soil sample; based on the heavy metal content data, determining the sequence of contribution degrees of various heavy metal elements of the soil sample in different pollution states; and predicting the Meiluo comprehensive pollution index in the soil by taking a preset number of heavy metal elements with the contribution degree ranked in the front as input parameters of the support vector regression model. By adopting the method, the appearance conditions of various heavy metal elements in the soil can be obtained through calculation, so that different treatment schemes are formulated according to the contribution degrees of different heavy metal elements; and in addition, the soil heavy metal pollution condition can be predicted through small sample data, so that the influence of data missing or data insufficiency on pollution prediction is effectively avoided.

The invention discloses a water quality monitoring method for a reservoir type drinking water source. The method comprises the following steps that reservoir pollution factor monitoring data of a water quality monitoring station are acquired; a single-factor pollution index judgment method and a water quality comprehensive pollution index method are adopted for the reservoir pollution factor monitoring data, the pollution index of the water quality of the reservoir is determined, then the water quality condition and the pollution degree of the water quality of the reservoir are analyzed, and pollution factors influencing the water quality of the reservoir are analyzed. According to the monitoring method, pollution factors influencing the water quality can be timely and accurately found, the influence of accidental change of the water quality is effectively reduced, and powerful support is provided for guaranteeing the water quality of a drinking water source; according to the monitoring method, the water quality change condition of the reservoir type drinking water source can be accurately and comprehensively reflected, and main factors influencing the water quality of the North Mountain reservoir can be accurately analyzed.

The invention relates to the field of air purification, in particular to a control method applied to an air purification system, a terminal and a storage medium, and can solve the problem that a purification device in the prior art cannot specifically eliminate environmental pollution. The control method comprises the steps that S0, the space where the air purification system is located is divided into a plurality of subspaces, and spatial data of at least one subspace is obtained; and step S1: according to the spatial data, matching a purification device corresponding to the subspace to work. According to the air purification system, the purification devices corresponding to the subspaces can be matched to work according to the obtained space data, such as pollution source data or pollution index data, of the space where the air purification system is located, and the multiple purification devices are used for working in different areas, so that targeted purification can be carried out, and the purification efficiency is greatly improved.

The invention provides a rice field non-point source pollution monitoring method, which comprises the steps of dividing a target area into N target sub-areas, and recording a flow direction between two adjacent target sub-areas, wherein N is a positive integer, and N is greater than or equal to 2, monitoring positions in the M target sub-areas, wherein M is a positive integer, and M is smaller than N, according to a preset period, obtaining a monitoring sample of a target sub-area where the monitoring position is located at each monitoring position, and when the pollution index of the monitoring sample is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, acquiring corresponding monitoring samples from one or more target sub-areas with the flow direction of the target sub-area relative to the monitoring position being the forward flow direction, wherein the forward flow direction is used for indicating the diffusion direction of the rice field water system. The problem that the non-point source pollution in the rice field cannot be effectively monitored in the prior art can be solved, so that the non-point source pollution in the rice field is effectively monitored, and the correspondingtreatment effect is further realized.

Disclosed herein is a method for determining a false positive by a real-time nucleic acid amplification reaction, including steps of a) preparing a positive control including a positive control gene including a target gene sequence and a contamination-determining gene sequence, b) obtaining a gene from a sample to prepare a group to be tested, followed by adding an internal control gene to the group to be tested, and c) adding probes capable of binding to each of a target gene, a contamination-determining gene and the internal control gene respectively to the positive control and the group to be tested, followed by proceeding a real-time nucleic acid amplification reaction (PCR), and characterized in that fluorescent light is emitted at the same wavelength when the probes capable of binding to each of the contamination-determining gene and the internal control gene are hydrolyzed.

The invention discloses a pilot frequency scheduling method based on a cross contamination in distributed MIMO system. The method comprises the following steps: 1, computing the cross contamination index among user antennas according to large-scale fading, marking a user antenna set accomplishing the pilot frequency distribution as U, marking the antenna user set not accomplishing the pilot frequency distribution as a formula as shown in description, and marking the pilot frequency distribution condition as {sk}, wherein sk represents a pilot frequency sequence used by the k-th antenna; 2, selecting the antenna with the maximum cross contamination index among all user antennas from the formula as shown in description, and marking as k0, distributing an orthogonal pilot frequency sequence to the k0, updating the set {sk}, U and formula as shown in description until accomplishing the distribution of all orthogonal pilot frequency sequences; 3, continuously selecting the antenna with themaximum cross contamination index among all user antennas from the formula as shown in description, and marking as k0, computing the cross contamination index between the antennal sets using the samepilot frequency in the k0 and the U, multiplexing the pilot frequency sequence of the antenna set with the minimum cross contamination index, updating the set {sk}, U and formula as shown in description; and 4, checking whether the formula as shown in description is an empty set, representing that all antennas has accomplished the pilot frequency scheduling if the formula as shown in description is the empty set, or returning to step 3.