229 results about "Heat flux sensor" patented technology

A thin sensor for heat flux and temperature, designed for adhesive attachment to a surface, is manufactured on a flexible insulated metallic substrate. The sensor exhibits a combination of high sensitivity for heat flux and low resistance to the flow of heat. These characteristics enable it to measure heat flux at surface boundaries with improved accuracy over conventional heat flux transducers because the temperature drop produced by the sensor is very small. The response by the sensor to radiation, convection and conduction are equal. As such, the sensor can be calibrated in one mode of heat transfer and used for measurement in other modes. The high sensitivity of the sensor makes it ideal for measuring heat flow through insulating materials, and well adapted to instrumenting heat flow in buildings, detecting fires at an early stage, or remotely measuring the temperature of string and web products in industrial processing.

An electronic clinical thermometer has a probe including a temperature sensor and a heat flux sensor which are controlled to make measurements at specified time intervals. The measured values are used in solving the equation of heat conduction to estimate the temperature of an internal body position. A heater may be included to preheat a body part in order to reduce the time required for measurement. The probe may use two temperature sensors to measure temperatures at two body surface positions through insulating members which are different in thermal conductivity.

An electronic clinical thermometer has a probe including a variable-temperature heater and one or more temperature sensors and may also include a heat flux sensor. Physical variables such as temperature, time rate of change in temperature and / or heat flow rate are directly measured at positions on the surface of a patient while being heated by the heater through a thermally insulating member. Such measured values are used to solve a heat transfer equation rewritten as lower-order equations. Measurements may be controlled to be taken at a desired timing such as at specified intervals. The probe for contacting the patient's body may be planar or in an elongated bar-shape.

The invention provides a method for converting cold wall heat flux into hot wall heat flux in an aerodynamic heat simulating test. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, calculating a temperature change curve for the surface of a thin metal plate according to a cold wall heat flux boundary condition; secondly, heating the thin metal plate test piece according to the calculated temperature curve, and recording a hot wall heat flux curve for the surface of a heat flux sensor in the same plane of the thin metal plate under the temperature condition, namely by a combined method of theoretical calculation and an experimental test, finally obtaining a hot wall heat flux boundary condition which corresponds to the cold wall heat flux boundary condition and is difficultly determined by a computer. The invention provides a practicable hot wall heat flux determining method for a radiant aerodynamic heat simulating test on a high-speed aircraft.

An apparatus and method for the monitoring and measurement of chemical and / or biological deposition in heat exchangers and other fluid processing vessels. The new and original sensing system includes at least two hollow fluid vessels conductively mounted across a constant heat transfer path. Thin film heat flux sensors are attached to a heat transfer surface of the vessels in order to measure changes in differential heat flux that occur when deposition begins to accumulate in the vessel. In this way, it is shown that differential heat flux measurements can be used to detect and measure the early onset of chemical and / or biological deposition.

A sensing mechanism includes a magnetic source, a magnetic flux sensor, a sensor backing on which the magnetic source and flux sensor are mounted, and a ferromagnetic target, where the magnetic source, magnetic flux sensor, and ferromagnetic target are positioned to form a magnetic circuit from the magnetic source to the target, from the target to the sensor, and returning to the magnetic source through the sensor backing.

The invention relates to an infrared radiation heat flow density reinforcement device for a high temperature pneumatic thermal simulating test of a missile, comprising a quartz lamp heating array, a blower, a variable frequency speed controller, a quartz glass airflow isolation board, a high temperature radiation test piece, a water cooling box, a heat flux sensor, a temperature sensor and a computer. A one-way airflow guiding isolation channel is formed by the quartz glass airflow isolation board, and flow guiding blades are driven to rotate at high speed by a motor of the blower to form a one-way strong airflow; and in the high temperature transient pneumatic thermal test of simulating the hypersonic speed flying of the missile, the strong airflow flows the surface of the quartz lamp heating array in the isolation channel such that the temperature is reduced below the softening temperature of the quartz glass. Because the heat flow density received by the surface of the high temperature radiation test piece of the missile in a heat intensity experiment exceeds the limit of 1 Mw / m<2> when the wind cooling is not carried out, the transient heat flow density can reach 2 Mw / m<2>. The invention provides a more efficient dynamic thermal radiation high temperature testing means for developing the hypersonic speed missile with faster flying speed.

An apparatus and method for the monitoring and measurement of chemical and / or biological deposition in heat exchangers and other fluid processing vessels. The new and original sensing system includes at least two hollow fluid vessels conductively mounted across a constant heat transfer path. Thin film heat flux sensors are attached to a heat transfer surface of the vessels in order to measure changes in differential heat flux that occur when deposition begins to accumulate in the vessel. In this way, it is shown that differential heat flux measurements can be used to detect and measure the early onset of chemical and / or biological deposition.

A device special for determining stable state thermal resistance of architecture glass which is a necessary determining device for quality control and product acceptance in energy-saving architecture glass produce is provided. The present invention comprises of heat flux sensor, internal and external guarding heat-box, cold-box (including refrigerating unit), precision temperature measurement and computer data collecting process system, and frame mounted rise-and-fall glass carrying stage and vacuum acetabula glass fixation mechanism. The present invention is not only used for detecting state thermal resistance of energy-saving architecture glass such as vacuum glass, hollow glass, and so on, but also used for detecting heat insulation and heat preservation capacity of other plate architecture material such as polystyrene board, steel (aluminium) plastic compound heat preserving board and so on.

The invention relates to the technical field of spacecraft environmental simulation, and discloses an infrared lamp array heat-flow density calibration device. The infrared lamp array heat-flow density calibration device is characterized in that the material and shape of a set simulation piece is in accordance with a product to be calibrated, the outer side of the simulation piece is provided with a heating piece, a thermal control coating is sprayed on the outer side of the heating piece, and a thermal-protective coating is arranged on the inner side of the simulation piece; and a thermocouple is arranged between the simulation piece and the thermal-protective coating, and an infrared lamp array is arranged near the outer side of the simulation piece. The invention also discloses an infrared lamp array heat-flow density calibration method, wherein the simulation piece is respectively heated by energizing the infrared lamp array and by utilizing the heating piece, and the temperature fields in the two heating methods are compared; when the two temperature fields are the same, the heating power of the heating piece and the energizing current of the infrared lamp array are calibrated. The infrared lamp array heat-flow density calibration device provided by the invention solves the problem that the precision cannot be tested when the external heat flow is simulated by the infrared lamp array in a complicated surface spacecraft vacuum thermal test, thereby improving the stability of the test results; and through the calibration of the lamp array, the consumption of the heat flow sensor is lowered, and the test cost is lowered.

The invention provides a testing system and a testing method of a thermoelectric module. The testing system comprises an electrical property testing unit, a thermal flux detecting unit and a processor; the electrical property testing unit is electrically connected with the thermoelectric module at the power generation operation state so as to test the output power of the thermoelectric module as well as current and internal resistance during the operation with the output power; the thermal flux detecting unit comprises a heat flux sensor which is arranged at the cold end of the thermoelectric module and is used for detecting the heat flux of the cold end of the thermoelectric module; the processor is electrically connected with the electrical property testing unit so as to receive information detected by the electrical property testing unit; the processor is electrically connected with the heat flux detecting unit so as to receive the heat flux Qc1 of the cold end of the thermoelectric module, which is detected by the flux testing unit, and is used for calculating the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric module according to the formula Eta=P / (Qc1+P-1 / 2I2R). By adopting the technical scheme provided by the invention, the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric module is detected.

The invention describes a single heat flux sensor arrangement (1) comprising a sensor (10) comprising a layer (100) of thermally insulating material, an inner temperature measurement means (S1) arranged at an inner region of the insulating layer (100) and an outer temperature measurement means (S2) arranged at an outer region of the insulating layer (100); an evaluation unit (11) adapted to receive a temperature input from the inner 5 temperature measurement means (S1) and to receive a temperature input from the outer temperature measurement means (S2); and a heating means (12, S2) realized to deliberately raise the temperature of a region of the insulating layer (100). The invention further describes a non-invasive method of measuring a core body temperature (T0) of a subject (3).

The invention relates to the field of heat flux measurement, in particular to a round chaff type large-scale high-temperature heat flux sensor. The invention solves the problems that the heat sinking body of the existing round chaff type heat flux sensor is difficult to realize constant temperature, and the like. The round chaff type large-scale high-temperature heat flux sensor comprises a shell with a bottom cover and a heat sinking body, wherein the heat sinking body is composed of a main body and a columnar boss arranged at the center of the top part of the main body, and the top part of the shell is provided with a through hole for inlaying the columnar boss of the top part of the heat sinking body. The columnar boss is inlaid with a round chaff, and the center and the edge of the round chaff are respectively inlaid with lead wires forming thermocouple with the round chaff. The columnar boss is externally sheathed with an adiabatic ring arranged between the main body of the heat sinking body and the shell, and the shell is composed of a tubular shell body and a ceramic top cover. Two disk-shaped ceramic supports are stacked between the bottom part of the main body of the heat sinking body and the bottom cover of the shell, and air adiabatic layers are respectively arranged between the two disk-shaped ceramic supports, between the top disk-shaped ceramic support and the bottom part of the heat sinking body and between the side wall of the main body of the heat sinking body and the inner wall of the shell. With reasonable and optimized structure, the round chaff type large-scale high-temperature heat flux sensor can work for a long time in the high-temperature environment to realize large-scale measurement.

The invention discloses a film heat flux sensor and a preparation method thereof. The film heat flux sensor is characterized in that a high temperature-resistant film thermocouple array (thermopile) is prepared on the surface of a substrate by a micromachining technology; a thick heat barrier layer and a thin heat barrier layer are arranged on the high temperature-resistant film thermocouple array; and through sensing the difference between temperatures under the thick heat barrier layer and the thin heat barrier layer, the film heat flux sensor can measure a heat flux according to the height difference of the thick heat barrier layer and the thin heat barrier layer. The film heat flux sensor can measure heat fluxes of middle and outer layer materials of a high-speed aircraft in flight and provides data reference for a heat protection design. The preparation method has simple processes and a reliable structure.

The invention relates to a device and method for steady-state determination of near-phase change zone frozen soil thermal conductivity coefficient, and the device and method are especially suitable for measurement of the frozen soil thermal conductivity coefficient change under multiple temperature points within a high temperature section. The device is composed of a constant temperature apparatus I, a constant temperature apparatus II, a tubular soil sample chamber, a heat flux sensor, cold liquid circulating plates, a probe type temperature sensor I, and a probe type temperature sensor II. The cold liquid circulating plates are arranged at the left end and right end of the tubular soil sample chamber respectively, and one end is equipped with the heat flux sensor. The cold liquid circulating plates are connected to the high-low temperature constant liquid circulating apparatus I and the high-low temperature constant liquid circulating apparatus II through silica gel pipes, the probe type temperature sensors are inserted into the tubular soil sample chamber, the cold liquid circulating plates at both ends are connected to the constant temperature apparatuses through the silica gel pipes, and the temperature values at both ends of a frozen soil sample are controlled by the constant temperature apparatuses at a highest temperature value and lowest temperature value of the sample phase change zone. The device has a simple structure, the measurement method is simple, and the measurement accuracy is high.

The expansion amount of a substrate (106) is measured using a scope (115a, 115b) which observes the edge surface of the substrate (106). The temperature of the neutral plane of the substrate (106) is calculated using the expansion amount of the substrate (106). A heat flux in the substrate (106) is measured using a heat flux sensor (110). The temperature difference between the neutral surface and upper surface of the substrate (106) is calculated from the measured heat flux and the heat resistance of the substrate (106). The temperature of the surface of the substrate (106) is obtained using the temperature difference and the temperature of the neutral plane of the substrate.

A mechanism and method for directly observing data from which the thermal emissivity or absorptivity of a surface can be calculated. The invention teaches the use of a substantially planar heat-flux or heat-flow sensor employing a thermopile, to measure the rate of heat dissipation from a radiating surface thermally attached to one side of the heat-flux sensor where the radiating surface is exposed to a first temperature and where the second side of the heat flux sensor is in thermal contact with a heat source at a second higher temperature.

A monitoring device monitors a forming machine (target device). The forming machine includes a housing, a bearing attached to the housing, and a shaft placed radially inside the bearing. The monitoring device includes a plurality of heat flux sensors and a detector. The heat flux sensors are provided on the radially outer side of the bearing and spaced from each other in the circumferential direction of the bearing. The heat flux sensors output a signal corresponding to heat fluxes through faces thereof on the bearing side and faces thereof on the other side. The detector detects a load applied radially to the shaft or bearing, based on the output from the heat flux sensors.

The invention relates to a weighing steam infiltration meter, which is used for monitoring and testing the transpiration and leakage of water in soil. The weighing steams infiltration meter disclosed by the invention comprises an internal barrel made of metal material and an outer barrel arranged outside the internal barrel. A thermal insulation material is arranged in the outer barrel, and the soil of which the quality is the same as that of the soil to be monitored is filled in the internal barrel. A water-proof edge is arranged between the upper surface of the soil and the upper edge of the internal barrel. A water sensor, a temperature sensor and a thermal flux sensor are respectively arranged in the soil put in the internal barrel. The test signal output wires of the sensors are connected with a signal collection controller which is arranged outside the outer barrel. Three compressive springs which are used for supporting the internal barrel and the fixed weights of the soil in the internal barrel, and a pressure sensor which is used for testing the variable quantities of the internal barrel and the fixed weights of the soil in the internal barrel. The weighing steam infiltration meter disclosed by the invention can test the differences among the water, the temperature and the thermal flux of the soil in the monitoring position in real time, and can be used for quantitatively analyzing the differences, so that the test of the overall system is typical.

Provided is a micro heat flux sensor array having reduced heat resistance. A micro heat flux sensor array may include a substrate, a plurality of first sensors formed on a first side of the substrate, and a plurality of second sensors formed on a second side of the substrate. Each of the plurality of first and second sensors may include a first wiring pattern layer of a first conductive material, a second wiring pattern layer of a second conductive material contacting the first wiring pattern layer, and an insulating layer in contact with the first and second wiring patterns.

Heat flow sensor having at least two plates with the heat (thermo) sensitive elements and with holes (openings) for the passage of air flow, so that the tops of both plates with the thermo sensitive elements are placed facing the outer surface of the sensor, so that their openings coincide and the construction provides passage of air through the openings whereby the thermo sensitive elements are located between all the holes of the plates and serially connected on every plate, and then the said sensor (plates) has one common point of connection in the middle of each side so that each sensor has at least three output wires—the total, the output of each plate, and therefore the magnitude and direction of the heat flow, are determined by the difference between the outputs of the two earlier described plates.

A method of monitoring and controlling a freeze drying process in a freeze drying apparatus having walls, shelves and a number of vials or trays positioned on different areas of the shelves and containing product to be freeze dried. One or more vials or trays are selected that are representative of the positions of all of the vials or trays in different areas of the shelves. One or more heat flux sensors are positioned between the selected vials or trays and adjacent portions of the walls and / or shelves. The heat transfer between the selected vials or trays and the adjacent wall or shelf portions is measured during the freezing and drying stages of the freeze drying process.

The invention discloses a small size simulation experiment table for underground coal mine exogenous fire. The small size simulation experiment table comprises a tunnel and an auxiliary measurement and control system, wherein the auxiliary measurement and control system comprises a flue gas temperature collection system, a heat loss measurement system, a flue gas measurement alarm system, a mechanical ventilation and flue gas exhaust system and a flue gas flow field display system; the flue gas temperature collection system comprises a distributed fiber temperature measurement circuit mounted in the tunnel and a thermal infrared imager mounted at the opening of one end of a simulated tunnel; the heat loss measurement system comprises a heat flux sensor mounted in the tunnel; the flue gas measurement alarm system comprises a flue gas analyser measurement point and an ion flue gas sensing detection alarm which are mounted in the tunnel. The small size simulation experiment table can simulate the situation, flue gas components, flue gas flow rule, temperature field variation rule, poisonous and pernicious gas concentration variation rule and heat loss during fuel combustion in case of fire in a laboratory, and develops a suitable coal mine tunnel detection and control system.

Heat flow sensor having at least two plates with the heat (thermo) sensitive elements and with holes (openings) for the passage of air flow, so that the tops of both plates with the thermo sensitive elements are placed facing the outer surface of the sensor, so that their openings coincide and the construction provides passage of air through the openings whereby the thermo sensitive elements are located between all the holes of the plates and serially connected on every plate, and then the said sensor (plates) has one common point of connection in the middle of each side so that each sensor has at least three output wires—the total, the output of each plate, and therefore the magnitude and direction of the heat flow, are determined by the difference between the outputs of the two earlier described plates.

In one embodiment, a temperature sensing apparatus includes a temperature sensor disposed in a structure at a first depth from a first surface of the structure. A heat flux sensor is also disposed in the structure at substantially the same depth as the first depth. A measurement circuit is coupled to the temperature sensor and the heat flux sensor. The measurement circuit calculates a surface temperature of the first surface based on a temperature of the temperature sensor and a heat flow of the heat flux sensor.

Innovative tracking heat flux sensors located at or near the solar collector's focus for centering the concentrated image on a receiver assembly. With flux sensors mounted near a receiver's aperture, the flux gradient near the focus of a dish or trough collector can be used to precisely position the focused solar flux on the receiver. The heat flux sensors comprise two closely-coupled thermocouple junctions with opposing electrical polarity that are separated by a thermal resistor. This arrangement creates an electrical signal proportional to heat flux intensity, and largely independent of temperature. The sensors are thermally grounded to allow a temperature difference to develop across the thermal resistor, and are cooled by a heat sink to maintain an acceptable operating temperature.

The invention discloses an anisotropy film heat conductivity testing method and device based on heat flux sensors. A plurality of heat flux sensors are embedded into a testing platform; a substrate of a sample to be tested is arranged on the upper surface of the testing platform; a film sample to be tested is arranged on the upper surface of the sample substrate; a heating end is positioned on the surface of the film to be tested; the plurality of the heat flux sensors are embedded in a straight line shape in equal distance in the horizontal direction of the testing platform; the upper surface of each heat flux sensor is leveled with the upper surface of the testing platform; a computer is adopted to record heat flux testing values of the plurality of heat flux sensors respectively at the same moment, and calculate the average heat conductivity of the film to be tested in the horizontal direction according to Fourier formulae; the substrate of the sample to be tested and the film to be tested are turned over as a whole, the heat flux value of one of the heat flux sensors is recorded, and the heat conductivity of the film to be tested in the vertical direction is calculated according to formulae. The heat conductivity of the film in the horizontal and vertical directions can be effectively and fast measured for one time.

A first heat flux sensor, which outputs a first sensor signal according to a heat flux passing therethrough, a second heat flux sensor, which outputs a second sensor signal according to a heat flux passing therethrough, a thermal buffer body, which has a predetermined heat capacity, and a heat releasing body, which has a predetermined heat capacity, are provided, and the first heat flux sensor, the thermal buffer body, the second heat flux sensor and the heat releasing body are arranged in this order from a sensing subject side. The first sensor signal, which corresponds to the heat flux between the sensing subject and the thermal buffer body, is outputted from the first heat flux sensor, and the second sensor signal, which corresponds to the heat flux between the thermal buffer body and the heat releasing body, is outputted from the second heat flux sensor.