33 results about "Lithium Cation" patented technology

The embodiment of the invention relates to a positive electrode material and a preparation method and application thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: putting a first lithium salt and a transition metal oxide into a zirconium oxide ball milling tank for wet milling to obtain a metal salt precursor; and performing heat treatment on the metal salt precursor in an inert atmosphere to obtain the lithium-rich cation disordered rock salt, placing the lithium-cation-rich disordered rock salt and a second lithium salt in a zirconium oxide ball milling tank for ball milling, so that a non-metallic element in the second lithium salt is inserted into a transition metal gap of the lithium-cation-rich disordered rock salt, thereby forming anions between an oxygen element and the non-metallic element of the lithium-cation-rich disordered rock salt, and obtaining a positive electrode material; wherein non-metallic elements in the second lithium salt are in a cation valence state, and the ion radius is smaller than the lithium ion radius in the first lithium salt and the transition metal ion radius in the transition metal oxide.

An additive composition comprises phosphate ester anions conforming to a specified structure, aromatic carboxylate anions, optionally cycloaliphatic dicarboxylate anions, aluminum (III) cations, sodium cations, optionally calcium cations, optionally lithium cations, and optionally zinc (II) cations. The anions are present in the additive composition in specified molar percentages. The cations are also present in the additive composition in specified molar percentages.

Electrochemical cells and electrolyte compositions therefor. Such an electrolyte composition includes lithium bifluorosulphonyl imide (LiFSI) dissolved in cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME) solvent. The electrolyte composition has an anion-derived solvation structure that can form a lithium fluoride (LiF) layer on an anode of an electrochemical cell. The anion-derived solvation structure may reduce the covalent bond strength between the Li cations and FSI anions.

Methods for regenerating a salt bath composition include heating the salt bath composition to an ion exchange temperature to form a molten salt bath. The methods may further include contacting at least a portion of an ion-exchangeable article that includes lithium oxide (Li2O) with the molten salt bath. Lithium cations may diffuse from the ion-exchangeable article and into the molten salt bath. Additionally, the methods may include adding a first phosphate salt to the molten salt bath. A lithium phosphate salt that includes at least a portion of the lithium cations may be formed and precipitate from the molten salt bath. Furthermore, the methods may include adding a multivalent salt that includes a multivalent metal cation to the molten salt bath. A second phosphate salt that includes the multivalent metal cation may be formed and precipitate from the molten salt bath.

The invention discloses a high-ionic-conductivity halide solid electrolyte material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of all-solid-state batteries. The chemical general formula of the solid electrolyte is Li2ZrxMyCl6. Wherein x ranges from 0.1 to 0.99, y ranges from 0.01 to 0.99 and follows the equation of 4x + 5y = 4 or 4x + 6y = 4 or 4x + 5y1 + 6y2 = 4; m is at least one of positive pentavalent or positive hexavalent metal elements. According to the invention, high-valence metal ions are used as an initiator to regulate and control the vacancy concentration of non-lithium cations in the matrix electrolyte Li2ZrCl6, and more vacancies reduce energy barriers required to be overcome by lithium ion conduction, so that the ionic conductivity is remarkably improved. The ionic conductivity of the finally obtained Zr-based halide solid electrolyte is more than 2 mS / cm. The electrolyte obtained by the method not only has high ionic conductivity, but also has a wide electrochemical window, and is suitable for manufacturing a high-performance and high-rate solid-state battery.

The invention discloses a lithium-rich cation disordered rock salt positive electrode material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of lithium ion battery positive electrode materials. The method comprises the following steps: mixing a lithium source, a vanadium source and a titanium source according to a stoichiometric ratio of a general formula Li1 + xVyTizO2, carrying out ethanol wet grinding and drying, and pressing into a pure inorganic precursor green sheet under the condition of not adding a carbon source; clamping the precursor sheet between two carbon plates, initiating a reaction by using Joule heat conducted by the external carbon plates, executing multi-cycle short-time pulse heating, and realizing ultra-fast high-temperature sintering; and cooling the product, and performing ball-milling compounding on the cooled product and conductive carbon to obtain the target positive electrode material. The material prepared by the method is highly consistent with a product prepared by a traditional solid phase method in crystal structure, microstructure and electrochemical performance, and is an efficient and low-energy-consumption alternative scheme with great industrialization prospects.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a material capable of extracting lithium, comprising the following steps: (a) preparing a geopolymer mixture by mixing (i) an activating solution comprising at least lithium hydroxide and (ii) an aluminosilicate source; (b) curing the geopolymer mixture prepared in step a), thereby obtaining a geopolymer matrix material; and (c) washing the geopolymeric matrix material obtained in step b) so as to remove at least a portion of the lithium cations (Li +) contained in the geopolymeric matrix material and obtain a material capable of extracting lithium The invention also relates to the material thus obtained and to the use thereof.

Disclosed is a conversion composition containing a trivalent chromium cation in an amount of 0.001 g / L to 20 g / L. Also disclosed is a system for treating a metal substrate that includes the conversion composition and a sealing composition comprising a lithium cation. Also disclosed is a method for treating a metal substrate that includes contacting at least a portion of a surface of the substrate with the conversion composition and then contacting at least a portion of the surface of the substrate with the sealing composition. Also disclosed is a substrate obtainable by treatment with the system and / or obtainable by the method of treating.

A lithium-sulfur battery may include a cathode, an anode structure positioned opposite to the cathode, a separator, and an electrolyte. In some instances, the anode structure may include an artificial solid-electrolyte interphase (A-SEI) that may form on and within the anode structure. A protective layer may form within and on the A-SEI, and may include exposed carbon surfaces formed by coalescence of several wrinkled graphene nanoplatelets with one another. Metal-containing substances may be decorated on and / or attached with at least some exposed carbon surfaces and regulate flow of lithium (Li+) cations within the lithium-sulfur battery and correspondingly moderate one or more of a plating rate or a de-plating rate of lithium onto the anode structure. The separator may be positioned between the anode structure and the cathode. The electrolyte may be dispersed throughout the cathode and in contact with the anode structure.

An electrolyte for electrochemical devices with an alkali-metal anode having an anode-active material comprising an alkali metal is disclosed in which the electrolyte includes at least one sulfonyl solvent and a co-salt system. The co-salt system includes a lithium cation primary salt at a relatively high concentration and a secondary salt at a relatively low concentration. The secondary salt and its concentration are selected to increase the solubility of the primary salt. The concentration of the secondary salt may be increased to increase the solubility of the primary salt until the presence of the secondary salt begins to diminish the overall performance of the electrolyte. The primary salt may comprise two or more lithium cation salts and the secondary salt may comprise two or more salts.

The present invention relates to a process for producing a solution of lithium cations on the one hand, while producing a molecular sieve having a low lithium content on the other hand, said process comprising providing a lithium exchange molecular sieve which is a molecular sieve that is waste or not suitable for its intended application, the co-produced molecular sieve with low lithium content can be reused as a molecular sieve.

Described herein are tandem methods for producing a lithium-containing product from a lithium-containing solution and systems for performing. A method may involve supplying the lithium-containing solution into a lithium-extraction reactor and applying a negative potential to the working electrode, thereby electrochemically incorporating lithium into the working electrode. The lithium-containing solution may then be replaced with a recovery solution and a positive potential to the working electrode, thereby extracting lithium from the working electrode into the recovery solution. The recovery solution comprising lithium cations is then transferred to a lithium-conversion reactor, and a conversion potential is applied between the electrodes, thereby converting the lithium cations into a lithium-containing product, such as lithium carbonate (Li2CO3), lithium hydroxide (LiOH), lithium chloride (LiCl), and lithium sulfate (Li2SO4). For example, carbon dioxide (CO2) may be pumped through the recovery solution while applying the conversion potential to lithium carbonate (Li2CO3).

A process (100) for treating aqueous impurity containing streams containing lithium cations and impurities within a lithium extraction process comprises: (a) contacting the impurity containing stream with a soluble phosphate to produce a precipitate containing lithium phosphate and a soluble impurity containing stream; and (b) treating the precipitate containing lithium phosphate with an aqueous reagent to produce the soluble phosphate for re-use in step (a) and a lithium salt recyclable to the lithium extraction process (100). Lithium recovery from the impurity containing stream may be 80% or greater.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) mineralization methods. Methods may comprise: (i) providing a high salinity water comprising at least one monovalent and at least one divalent cation selected from the group consisting of: Mg, Ca, Na, K, and Li cations; (ii) if necessary, increasing the high salinity water pH value, thereby forming a Mg(OH)2 precipitate if Mg cations are present; (iii) separating any formed Mg(OH)2 precipitate from a first supernatant comprising monovalent and / or divalent ions selected form the group consisting of: Ca, Na, K, and Li cations; (iv) if necessary, increasing the pH value of the first supernatant to about 12 or greater; (v) introducing CO2 nanobubbles into the first supernatant, thereby forming a CaCO3 precipitate if Ca cations are present; and (vi) separating any formed CaCO3 precipitate from a second supernatant comprising monovalent ions selected from the group consisting of: Na, K, and Li cations.

Chemical compositions and related methods for synthesizing furans (e.g., oil furans, surfactants) include calcium, magnesium, ammonium, and / or lithium cations and one of several furan derivatives. Methods for synthesizing such furan surfactants containing calcium, magnesium, ammonium, and / or lithium cations can include chemical reagents and purification processes to produce furan surfactants containing calcium, magnesium, ammonium, and / or lithium cations. These furan surfactant compositions can be free of dioxane and ethoxylates.

Electronic device comprising at least one first hole transport layer between a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first hole transport layer comprises: (i) at least one first hole transport matrix compound consisting of covalently bonded atoms, and (ii) at least one electrical p-dotande selected from metal salts and electrically neutral metal complexes comprising a metal cation and at least one anion and / or at least one anionic ligand consisting of at least four covalently bonded atoms, wherein the metal cation of the electrical p-dotande is selected from Li(I), Na(I), K(I), Rb(I), Cs(I); Mg(II), Ca(II), Sr(II), Ba(II), Sn(II), Pb(II), Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Al(III); Rare earth metal in the oxidized state (III), V(III), Nb(III), Ta(III), Cr(III), Mo(III), W(III) Ga(III), In(III) and from Ti(IV), Zr(IV), Hf(IV), Sn(IV);where a) electrical p-dopeds having an anion or an anionic ligand having generic formula (Ia) or (Ib) where A1, A2, A3 and A4 are independently selected from CO, SO2 or POR1; R1 = electron-withdrawing group selected from the group comprising halide, nitrile, halogenated or perhalogenated C1- to C20-alkyl, halogenated or perhalogenated C6- to C20-aryl, or halogenated or perhalogenated heteroaryl with 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms; B1, B2, B3, B4 are equally or independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C1- to C20-alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1- to C20-heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6- to C20-aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C5- to C20 heteroaryl, or B1 and B2 form a ring;and b) electrical p-doping consisting of a Li cation and an anion selected from perchlorate and tetrafluoroborate are excluded, and the first hole transport layer comprises a sublayer wherein the electrical p-doping is contained in an amount, by weight and / or by volume, which exceeds the total amount of other components that may also be contained in the sublayer.

A method for selective extraction of lithium halide from a solid phase into an organic phase, using a receptor that selectively binds lithium cations and halide anions, wherein the receptor is dissolved in an organic solvent or a mixture of organic solvents, in contact with the solid phase, which receptor reversibly binds a lithium halide ion pair to form a complex that is soluble in the organic solvent or the mixture of organic solvents, wherein lithium halide is isolated by a back- extraction of a lithium halide ion pair into an aqueous phase, resulting in the dissociation of the complex and the transfer of the lithium halide to the aqueous phase while the free receptor remains in the organic phase or precipitates. The solid extraction product, containing the lithium halide is isolated after separation of the aqueous phase from the organic phase and evaporation of water from the aqueous solution thus obtained, or by precipitation in the form of a poorly soluble salt.

A process for producing lithium carbonate, including: producing a lithium chloride containing solution; in the presence of a monovalent (M+) hydroxide, contacting this solution with a first organic medium, in an extraction step of a lithium solvent extraction stage, to produce a lithium-loaded organic medium and a raffinate; treating the raffinate to produce a treated raffinate; in a stripping step of the lithium solvent extraction stage, stripping the lithium-loaded organic medium by means of an aqueous stripping solution containing an acid, to extract the lithium cations from the lithium-loaded organic medium, producing an aqueous lithium chloride solution and a stripped organic medium; separating this solution from the stripped organic medium; recycling the stripped organic medium to the extraction stage; reacting the lithium chloride solution with carbonate to produce lithium carbonate and a mother liquor containing chloride, carbonate, and a monovalent cation; and subjecting the treated raffinate to chlor-alkali electrolysis.

Disclosed are a system and methods for producing lithium hydroxide directly from natural brine by an electrochemical approach. In one example version of the system, an electrochemical cell operates in two states. In one state, lithium cations (Li+) intercalate into a first electrode from the brine, and sodium cations (Na+) deintercalate from a second electrode into the brine. In another state, lithium cations deintercalate from the first electrode into a dilute lithium hydroxide (LiOH) solution, and sodium cations intercalate to the second electrode from a concentrated sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. Hydroxide anions (OH−) transport through an anion exchange membrane to combine with lithium cations (Li+) to form LiOH, continuously increasing its concentration.

A method for processing spent nickel-based cathode material useful in lithium-based batteries, the method comprising: (i) producing an initial mixture containing the spent nickel-based cathode material and a molten salt system comprising cations and anions, wherein the cations comprise lithium cations; (ii) heating the initial mixture to a temperature of 700° C. to 900° C. for at least 1 hour to produce a relithiated cathode material; and (iii) washing the relithiated cathode material to remove any residual salt. In a further method, the cations comprise nickel and lithium cations and the anions comprise chloride or bromide anion in combination with at least one of nitrate, sulfate, and carbonate anions in further combination with hydroxide anion, wherein the method results in upcycling of the nickel-based cathode material to produce a version of said relithiated cathode material having a greater nickel content.

The invention relates to a hydrophobic organic liquid composition for the selective extraction of diionic lithium salts comprising lithium cations and anions, in particular selected from the group consisting of Cl-, I-, Br-, CN-, NO3-, HCO3-, complementary to the lithium cations, from lithium-rich brine to be treated, said composition comprising: (A) at least one lithium cation extraction compound, compounds selected from the following formula: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 are defined as described below; (B) at least one hydrophobic protic organic compound for solvating an anion complementary to the lithium cation; and (C) at least one hydrophobic polar organic diluent having a flash point at atmospheric pressure of greater than 60 DEG C, preferably greater than 75 DEG C, more preferably greater than 90 DEG C.

A lithium extraction process may include a solvent extraction unit configured to receive an aqueous feed stream from an upstream flow path, the aqueous feed stream including lithium cations and at least one additional monovalent cation species; a waste salt separation unit configured to receive a stream of aqueous wastewater from a first downstream flow path, the first downstream flow path connecting the waste salt separation unit with the solvent extraction unit in fluid communication; and a lithium carbonate generation unit configured to receive an aqueous lithium-rich stream from a second downstream flow path, the second downstream flow path connecting the lithium carbonate generation unit with the solvent extraction unit in fluid communication.

Methods and systems directed to recovery of lithium (e.g., lithium salts) from liquid streams are provided. In some embodiments, methods relate to obtaining lithium (e.g., as a solid lithium salt) by removing at least a portion of liquid from a feed stream to form a concentrated stream with respect to solubilized lithium cations. Liquid removal may include transporting at least a portion of the feed stream to a membrane separator and / or a humidifier. Some methods include removing impurities (e.g., non-lithium cations) from the concentrated stream (e.g., via precipitation and / or crystallization). In some embodiments, solutions containing solubilized lithium cations and anions are electrochemically-treated such that first solubilized anions are replaced with second, different anions. In some embodiments, solid lithium salt containing at least a portion of the lithium cations and the second anions is obtained (e.g., via precipitation and / or crystallization following concentration of the electrochemically-treated solution in a humidifier).

A conversion composition containing trivalent chromium cations in an amount of 0.001 g / L to 20 g / L is disclosed. Also disclosed is a system for treating a metal substrate comprising a conversion composition and a sealing composition comprising lithium cations. Also disclosed is a method of treating a metal substrate, the method comprising contacting at least a portion of a surface of the substrate with a conversion composition and then contacting at least a portion of the surface of the substrate with a sealing composition. Substrates obtainable by treatment with this system and / or by treatment methods are also disclosed.

The invention relates to an electrochemical cell comprising: —at least one anode comprising metallic lithium or a lithium alloy or at least one anode comprising a current collector at least partially covered with metallic lithium deposited after at least one charge of the cell, the cell not containing metallic lithium at the time of its manufacture, —at least one cathode, —a liquid or gelled electrolyte composition comprising: a) a solvent comprising: i) either a mixture of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-methoxypropane (HFMP) and / or 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(fluoromethoxy)propane (HFMFP), ethylene monofluorocarbonate (F1EC) and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methyl carbonate (F3EMC), ii) or a mixture of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-methoxypropane (HFMP) and / or 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluo-ro-2-(fluoromethoxy)propane (HFMFP), ethylene monofluorocarbonate (F1EC) and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl acetate (F3EA), b) at least one salt whose cation is the lithium cation, c) lithium difluorophosphate LiPO2F2 in an amount representing from 0.05 to 5% of the mass of the combination made up of the solvent and said at least one dissolved lithium salt.

The present invention relates to a lithium cation exchange membrane, for water electrolysis, having high lithium cation conductivity, and a water electrolysis system using same, and a water electrolysis system using a lithium cation exchange membrane (LEM) for water electrolysis according to the present invention, comprising a hydrophilic polymer solution and a monomer solution having a sulfonic acid group, is an economically feasible water electrolysis system achieving lower costs than conventional proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis and a higher current density than alkali water electrolysis.

Disclosed is a separator for an electrochemical device containing a lithium manganese-based active material. The separator includes a porous polymer substrate, and a porous coating layer which is laminated on at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate and contains inorganic particles and a polymer binder. The inorganic particles have a sulfonic acid group introduced on the surface of a metal oxide or metal hydroxide, and at least a portion of the sulfonic acid group has hydrogen cations substituted with lithium cations.

The present invention relates to a process for the production of a LiHSO4 solution comprising the following steps: (a) providing a lithium solution comprising H+ cations, Li+ cations, SO4 2- anions, HSO4 - anions, and water, wherein the molar ratio between the hydrogen cations and lithium cations in the lithium solution ranges from about 0.3 to 2; wherein step (a) comprises the following steps: (a1) providing a leachate solution; and (a2) adding sulphuric acid (H2SO4), and optionally water, to obtain the lithium solution; (b) optionally, removing insoluble impurities and / or organic impurities from the lithium solution; and (c) proceeding with nanofiltration (NF) of the lithium solution to obtain a lithium hydrogen sulphate solution. The present invention further relates to processes for the production of lithium sulphate solutions and / or lithium carbonate from the lithium sulphate solution.

Methods and systems related to the recovery of lithium (e.g., lithium salts) from a liquid stream are provided. In some embodiments, the method involves obtaining lithium (e.g., as a solid lithium salt) by removing at least a portion of the liquid from the feed stream to form a concentrated stream with respect to dissolved lithium cations. Liquid removal may include delivering at least a portion of the feed stream to a membrane separator and / or a humidifier. Some methods include removing impurities (e.g., non-lithium cations) from the concentrated stream (e.g., via precipitation and / or crystallization). In some embodiments, a solution comprising dissolved lithium cations and anions is electrochemically treated such that a first dissolved anion is replaced by a second, different anion. In some embodiments, a solid lithium salt comprising at least a portion of lithium cations and second anions is obtained (e.g., precipitation and / or crystallization via concentration of an electrochemically treated solution in a humidifier).

The method for extracting lithium carbonate from a mixed salt of low-grade lithium carbonate, potassium chloride, and sodium chloride includes the following steps: (1) Grinding: Grinding the mixed salt of low-grade potassium chloride, sodium chloride, and lithium carbonate obtained by sun-drying in a salt field to obtain a slurry; (2) Screening: Screening the slurry in a screening machine or hydrocyclone to obtain gangue minerals and slurry; (3) Separation of lithium carbonate from potassium chloride and sodium chloride: Sending the slurry into a flotation machine, adding a lithium carbonate cationic collector for flotation, and refining to obtain refined lithium carbonate concentrate; (4) Washing, filtering, and drying: Washing and filtering the obtained refined lithium carbonate concentrate, collecting the solid, and drying the solid to obtain crude lithium carbonate product. The process of this invention is simple, the amount of ore fed into flotation is small, the flotation time is short, the lithium carbonate crude product obtained has high lithium carbonate purity, low cost, and high recovery rate.