Disclosed are a geotechnical test air pressure consolidation permeameter and a test monitoring method thereof. The air pressure consolidation permeameter includes an air pressure loading device, a combined consolidation permeation sample device and a test index measurement device. The air pressure loading device includes a fixing base (18), a pressure supply reserve tank (35), a piston jacking pipe (15), brackets (1), a horizontal counterforce cross bridge (5), and electronic air pressure sensors (17) arranged on the pressure supply reserve tank. The combined consolidation permeation sample device includes a supporting seat (14), a base (13), a tank sleeve (10), a soil sampler (9), lower permeable stone (12), upper permeable stone (25), an inner tank pressure cover (7), an upper pressure box (8), an external threaded drainage jacking pipe (23), and a pressure rod (36). A sample cabin (11) is between the upper permeable stone and the lower permeable stone. The base (13) is provided witha water inlet channel (24). The test index measurement device includes an electronic flowmeter (13), electronic displacement sensors (16), an electronic pore water pressure gauge (26) and a permeablewater head pipe (19). The geotechnical test air pressure consolidation permeameter and the test monitoring method thereof has the advantages of small test error and convenient and fast operation.