The invention provides a shield tunneling machine station and starting construction method, and aim at simultaneously carrying out construction of a station and starting of a shield tunneling machinein an excavated foundation pit. The method comprises the following steps of (1) construction of a base layer plate, and building of supporting frames and a scaffold; (2) assembly of the shield tunneling machine and entering of components into the foundation pit; and (3) construction of upper layer plates. According to the shield tunneling machine station and starting construction method, construction of the upper layer plates can be carried out while the assembly components of the shield tunneling machine enter the foundation pit one by one for assembly, so that the structure of the station isconstructed layer by layer, construction of the station is carried out, the assembly and starting of the shield tunneling machine and construction of the station can be carried out at the same time,mutual waiting is not needed, the progress of tunnel construction is guaranteed, meanwhile, the construction period of the station is greatly shortened, the influence on the ground road is reduced, and walking convenience is improved; the shield tunneling machine is assembled in the supporting frames, and the supporting frame can protect the shield tunneling machine, so that the situation that theshield tunneling machined is damaged due to the fact that a falling object falls onto the shield tunneling machine when the station that construction is carried out at the same time is avoided; and meanwhile, the supporting frames can play a temporary supporting role of the scaffold, the upper layer plate are constructed, construction of the station is facilitated, and the construction speed of the station is ensured.