151results about How to "High constant" patented technology

A distraction device for moving a one-part or two-part or separated bone apart in order to extend or bridge a bone gap. The device is optionally provided in the form of an intramedullary pin, which can be inserted into a medullary space of a bone and which has at least two elements that can be axially moved in relation to one another. The first element is joined to the second element via at least one detent device for securing a distraction movement, and a pushing module for distracting the first element is assigned to the second element and is joined to the second element in a manner that enables it to be locked.

Structures including dielectric diffraction gratings. In some embodiments, laser devices include diffraction gratings defined by openings formed in a dielectric material.

A piezoelectric ceramic composition includes a primary component represented by the formula (1-x)(K1-a-bNaaLib)m(Nb1-c-dTacSbd)O3-xM1nM2O3, and 0.1 to 10 moles (preferably 1.5 to 10 moles) of at least one specific element selected from the group consisting of In, Sc, Y, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Yb, and Lu with respect to 100 moles of the primary component, wherein M1 is Ca, Sr, or Ba M2 is Ti, Zr, or Sn; and x, a, b, c, d, m, and n satisfy 0.005≦x≦0.1, 0≦a≦0.9, 0≦b≦0.3, 0≦a+b≦0.9, 0≦c≦0.5, 0≦d≦0.1, 0.9≦m≦1.1, and 0.9≦n≦1.1. Preferably, Mn, Ni, Fe, Zn, Cu, or Mg is further added. As a result, at both a very low and a high electric field, a high piezoelectric d constant can be stably obtained with a high efficiency.

A magnetic recording medium includes a substrate, multiple underlayers formed on the substrate, and a magnetic layer formed on the multiple underlayers. A main component of the magnetic layer is an alloy having a L10 structure. At least one of the multiple underlayers is a crystalline underlayer containing W. The W is a main component of the crystalline underlayer. The crystalline underlayer further contains 1 mol % or more to 20 mol % or less of one or more kinds of elements selected from B, Si, and C. A barrier layer including a material having a NaCl structure is formed between the crystalline underlayer and the magnetic layer.

A method for fermentation of lactic acid from a sugar-containing fermentation liquid in a fermentor by means of lactic acid-forming bacteria, in which whey protein is present or is added as a nutrient substrate for the lactic acid-forming bacteria, wherein at least one protease is added to the fermentor during the fermentation, so that hydrolysis of protein to amino acids takes place simultaneously with the fermentation of sugar into organic acid, and wherein lactic acid resulting from the fermentation is isolated from the fermentation liquid. Ammonia is preferably added to result in the formation of ammonium lactate, and lactic acid is preferably isolated by a process comprising ultra filtration, ion exchange, conventional electrodialysis and electrodialysis with bipolar membranes.

A linear actuator is provided with an integral permanent magnet, brushless motor capable of axial, self adjustment of the rotor position within the stator for field weakening. Axial displacement of the rotor within the stator allows for significantly improved speed performance from aligned rotor / stator components during light axial loading. Upon contact with a load, the screw and nut, as an integral part of the motor rotor, self align to fully engage within the stator for generation of high forces with minimal current. This axial shift can further be used as a high precision, low cost measure of the force applied for quality assurance purposes.

An invented dual, coupled check valve mechanism is described for a direct drive, reversible hydraulic power source for hydraulic circuits that includes a manifold hydraulically coupled to the respective input / output ports and a reservoir of the hydraulic power source defining a translation passageway having mid-passage drain hydraulically coupled to the reservoir, where each end of the translation passageway has an angled annular valve seat opening to larger diameter plenum containing a check valve ball. A translating rod with a length greater and a circumferential diameter less than that of the translation passageway located in the translation passageway prevents the respective check valve balls from simultaneously seating on the valve seats at the respective ends of the translation passage way.

The invention provides a piezoelectric polymer material comprising a helical chiral polymer having a weight average molecular weight of from 50,000 to 1,000,000 and optical activity, the piezoelectric polymer material having: crystallinity as obtained by a DSC method of from 20% to 80%; a transmission haze with respect to visible light of 50% or less; and a product of the crystallinity and a standardized molecular orientation MORc, which is measured with a microwave transmission-type molecular orientation meter at a reference thickness of 50 μm, of from 40 to 700.

A mirror driving device can include: a mirror part having a reflection surface configured to reflect light; mirror support parts formed at portions of the mirror part diagonal to each other; and a first actuator and a second actuator placed so as to surround the mirror part, wherein the first actuator and the second actuator each have a structure in which a plurality of first piezoelectric cantilevers with a longitudinal direction oriented to a direction of a first axis and a plurality of second piezoelectric cantilevers with a longitudinal direction oriented to a second axis are coupled together so as to be folded, and each of the first actuator and the second actuator has one end connected to the mirror part via a relevant one of the mirror support parts and another end connected to a fixing part near the mirror support part to which the one end is coupled.

Embodiments of the disclosure include an apparatus and methods for using a piezoelectric device, that includes an outer flextensional casing, a first cell and a last cell serially coupled to each other and coupled to the outer flextensional casing such that each cell having a flextensional cell structure and each cell receives an input force and provides an output force that is amplified based on the input force. The apparatus further includes a piezoelectric stack coupled to each cell such that the piezoelectric stack of each cell provides piezoelectric energy based on the output force for each cell. Further, the last cell receives an input force that is the output force from the first cell and the last cell provides an output apparatus force In addition, the piezoelectric energy harvested is based on the output apparatus force. Moreover, the apparatus provides displacement based on the output apparatus force.

A novel method of electrochemical treatment such as electroplating, etc. and an electrochemical reaction apparatus thereof which is high in reactability and able to be electrochemically reacted efficiently, which is small or zero in amount of generation of liquid waste such as electrolytic solution and cleaning liquid and therefore, amicable to the environment, and in which it is no more required to clean the electrode, etc. with cleaning liquid after reaction. Electrochemical reaction is executed in a reaction vessel (6) containing matter (5) which is in a supercritical or subcritical state and an electrolytic solution (1), and after reaction, the supercritical or subcritical matter (5) is shifted into a state of the matter (5) before being shifted into a critical state.

A bow shaped, sheet-thin, carbon fiber spring that utilizes the material's special characteristics is disclosed. Carbon fiber filaments are laid along the bow curvature. Cushions made of carbon fiber composite springs provide performance improvements in better shock absorption, lighter weight, better fire safety, and longer life without performance degradation. Example embodiments are shoes, helmets, and seats.

A distraction device for moving a one-part or two-part or separated bone apart in order to extend or bridge a bone gap. The device is optionally provided in the form of an intramedullary pin, which can be inserted into a medullary space of a bone and which has at least two elements that can be axially moved in relation to one another. The first element is joined to the second element via at least one detent device for securing a distraction movement, and a pushing module for distracting the first element is assigned to the second element and is joined to the second element in a manner that enables it to be locked.

A thin film piezoelectric element of the present invention includes a substrate and a piezoelectric thin film stack formed on the substrate. The piezoelectric thin film stack includes a top electrode layer, a bottom electrode layer and a piezoelectric layer sandwiched between the top electrode layer and the bottom electrode layer, wherein the piezoelectric layer includes a first piezoelectric layer and a second piezoelectric layer whose compositions have different phase structures. The present invention can obtain high piezoelectric constants, enhanced coercive field strength and good thermal stability, thereby enabling larger applied field strength without depolarization and achieving a large stroke for its applied device.

The invention relates to a pressure regulator (1) in a shock absorber valve. The pressure regulator (1) comprises an axially movable first valve part (4) and a first seat (3), which are arranged in a valve housing (2) in such a way that an adjustable flow opening is created between the parts (3, 4). The flow opening is arranged to restrict a damping medium flow (q) and its flow opening size (s) is determined by a force balance on the first valve part (4). The force balance is principally or partially created by the sum of an actuating force (F) and the force (Fs) from a spring arrangement counter to the action of a counter holding regulator force (R). The spring arrangement comprises a first spring (5) having a first spring constant (k1) and a second spring (6) having a second spring constant (k2). The counter holding regulator force (R) is determined by the spring characters of both the first and the second spring (5, 6), in which the first spring (5) interacts with the actuating force (F) throughout the stroke (S1) and the second spring (6) works in series with the first spring (5) in an initial stroke (S3) close to the seat (3), in which the size of the initial stroke is determined by the working range of the second spring (6).

There is provided a displacement sensor which can precisely detect the amount of displacement given by an operator. A touch sensor which is a type of the displacement sensor has a piezoelectric element, a voltage converting unit and a detecting unit. The piezoelectric element instantaneously generates a voltage proportional to a pressing force (the amount of pressing). The voltage converting unit converts the voltage generated by the piezoelectric element, into a voltage proportional to a transition determined based on a predetermined time constant determined by an impedance of a resistor of the voltage converting unit and capacitances of a capacitor and the piezoelectric element, and a pressing force. The detecting unit integrates output voltages of the voltage converting unit, and calculates the pressing force (the amount of pressing) based on an integration value.

A linear actuator is provided with an integral permanent magnet, brushless motor capable of axial, self adjustment of the rotor position within the stator for field weakening. Axial displacement of the rotor within the stator allows for significantly improved speed performance from aligned rotor / stator components during light axial loading. Upon contact with a load, the screw and nut, as an integral part of the motor rotor, self align to fully engage within the stator for generation of high forces with minimal current. This axial shift can further be used as a high precision, low cost measure of the force applied for quality assurance purposes.

Embodiments of the disclosure include an apparatus and methods for using a piezoelectric device, that includes an outer flextensional casing, a first cell and a last cell serially coupled to each other and coupled to the outer flextensional casing such that each cell having a flextensional cell structure and each cell receives an input force and provides an output force that is amplified based on the input force. The apparatus further includes a piezoelectric stack coupled to each cell such that the piezoelectric stack of each cell provides piezoelectric energy based on the output force for each cell. Further, the last cell receives an input force that is the output force from the first cell and the last cell provides an output apparatus force In addition, the piezoelectric energy harvested is based on the output apparatus force. Moreover, the apparatus provides displacement based on the output apparatus force.

An electronic circuitry is provided for reading out a memory element (ME). The electronic circuitry comprises a first electronic path (IP) being coupled to the memory element (ME), a second electronic path (RP) having predetermined electrical properties, and a basic detection element (BDE) being coupled to the first and second electronic paths (IP, RP) such that the information contained in the memory element (ME) can be determined by the basic detection element (BDE) based on the relation of a digital signal being propagated over the first path (IP) to a digital signal being propagated over the second path (RP).

There is provided a magnetic recording medium including an MgO underlayer that can be formed by a mass production process and has a thickness of 3 nm or less as well as including a magnetic recording layer made of an L10-type FePt ordered alloy having excellent magnetic properties. A conductive compound having a crystal structure belonging to a cubic system is used as a material of an underlayer provided at the bottom of the MgO underlayer. The thickness of the MgO layer is 1 nm or more and 3 nm or less.

A damping assembly for the actuator of high performance disk drive assembly is formed from multiple materials. The damping assembly is added to the actuator to dampen vibration that occurs during operation of the drive. The damping assembly is connected to an exterior portion of a coil region of the actuator. The damping assembly helps dampen vibration modes for coil torsion and coil bending, thereby improving dynamics settling performance to improve overall file input / output throughput performance. This also allows for a higher voice coil motor torque constant by increasing the magnet radius, thereby also improving move time, which further improves file input / output throughput performance. The overall file performance is improved by reducing settling times associated with coil torsion and coil bending modes, and allowing a higher torque constant to also improve move time. Both of these effects contribute to improving file performance.

There is provided a lead- and potassium-free piezoelectric material having a high piezoelectric constant and a satisfactory insulation property and a piezoelectric element that includes the piezoelectric material. The piezoelectric material contains a perovskite-type metal oxide having the general formula (1): (NaxBa1-y)(NbyTi1-y)O3 (wherein x satisfies 0.80≦x≦0.95, and y satisfies 0.85≦y≦0.95); and at least one rare-earth element selected from La, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu, wherein the rare-earth element content is more than 0 mol % and 5 mol % or less of the amount of perovskite-type metal oxide. The piezoelectric element includes the piezoelectric material.

The present invention relates to a process for the production of high value chemicals, preferably including at least ethylene and propylene, by steam cracking a mixture of non-cyclic paraffin stream (A) comprising at least 90% of components having at least 12 carbon atoms, with either a mixture of hydrocarbons having from 3 to 4 carbon atoms or a mixture of hydrocarbons comprising at least 90% of components having a boiling point ranging from 15° C. to 200° C.

A fuel supply device includes a sub-tank, a pump unit, a jet pump, and a connection structure connected with the pump unit and the jet pump. The connection structure has a guide part that is provided to the pump unit and guides the pressurized fuel toward the bottom in an axial direction, a pressurizing part that is provided to the jet pump and is fitted to the guide part from a side of the bottom in an axially slidable manner, to which the pressurized fuel is guided from the guide part, a shock-absorbing member that has a low spring constant that is predetermined and mitigates an axial impact between the guide part and the pressurizing part, and a sealing member that has a high spring constant higher than the low spring constant of the shock-absorbing member and radially seals a space between the guide part and the pressurizing part.

A high speed magnetic data writer containing a stitched pole tip that works in conjunction with the main pole is disclosed, together with a process for their manufacture. The material composition of each of these two sub-structures is slightly different; one sub-structure is optimized for high magnetic damping while the other sub-structure is optimized for high saturation magnetization.

A V-belt type of automatic transmitting mechanism includes a drive pulley and a V-belt, and the drive pulley includes a fixed sheave which is fixed to a drive shaft and a movable sheave which is movable in a direction of the drive shaft. When the drive shaft rotates at a higher speed, the movable sheave is moved towards the fixed sheave so that the radius of engagement between each of the sheaves and the V-belt increases. The conical pressure surface of the movable sheave is formed so that an inclined angle thereof is uniform from its radially inner peripheral part to its radially outer peripheral part. Meanwhile, the conical pressure surface of the fixed sheave is formed so that an inclined angle of its radially inner peripheral part is smaller than that of its radially outer peripheral part.

The invention provides a polymeric piezoelectric material including a helical chiral polymer having a weight-average molecular weight of from 50,000 to 1,000,000 and having optical activity, wherein a crystallinity of the material measured by a DSC method is from 20% to 80%, and a product of a standardized molecular orientation MORc measured by a microwave transmission type molecular orientation meter based on a reference thickness of 50 μm and the crystallinity is from 25 to 250.