The invention discloses a recoverable downhole packer resistant to high temperature and high pressure. The recoverable downhole packer comprises a center pipe, a power part, a first slip part, a packing part, a second slip part and a second shell, wherein, the power part comprises a first shell, a cylinder body, a piston, a sliding sleeve and a control pipeline; the first slip part can support the inner wall of an oil well casing under the downward pressing and jacking of the sliding sleeve, and can synchronously move downwards along with the downward movement of the sliding sleeve; the packing part comprises a packing rubber sleeve, a high-temperature-resistant rubber sleeve and a base plate which are arranged on the center pipe in a sleeving mode and located below the first slip part; the second slip part can support the inner wall of the oil well casing under the downward pressing and jacking of the sliding sleeve; and the second shell is fixed to the bottom end of the center pipe and fixedly connected with the bottom end of the first slip part. The packer is simple in structure, the structural stability is improved by adopting two clamping connection, and the high-pressure resistance is stronger; the high-temperature-resistant rubber sleeve is arranged to improve the high-temperature-resistant property; and the problems that in the prior art, the packer is complex in structure, large in setting and unsetting difficulty, long in period, high in operation cost and the like are solved.