The invention discloses a hybrid chaotic virtual optical image encryption method, which comprises the following steps of: 1, assuming that the size of a plaintext image is M * N, and sequentially reading pixel values of each point of the image from left to right to obtain a pixel matrix F (x, y); step 2, performing phase encoding on the plaintext image F (x, y) to obtain Q (x, y); step 2, modulating Q (x, y) through a random phase template RM1 to obtain F1 (x, y); step 3, carrying out Fourier transform on F1 (x, y), and carrying out random phase template RM2 modulation to obtain F2 (alpha, y);step 4, carrying out inverse Fourier transform on F2 (alpha beta) to obtain a ciphertext image U1; and step 5, performing secondary encryption of pixel value substitution on U1 (x, y) to obtain a ciphertext image U2. According to the invention, a coparametric generalized Fibonacci chaotic system and a coupled tent space-time chaotic system are adopted to respectively construct random templates with good uniformity; therefore, the two chaotic systems have a linkage effect, the defect that the distribution of random template elements constructed by the Logistic chaotic system is not uniform isovercome, and the hiding property on a ciphertext and the sensitivity on a secret key are enhanced.