The invention discloses a wide box and wide belt culture method for sugarcane. Sugarcane planting furrows with the space greater than 2m are dug, the sugarcane is planted in double rows in the sugarcane planting furrows, and soil filling and covering is carried out; a season of soybean, peanut or pepper is interplanted between the sugarcane planting furrows. The sugarcane planting line distance is increased, in addition, a season of short stem crops such as the soybean, the peanut or the pepper is interplanted between the lines, through adopting such a mode, the occupied area of the sugarcane is reduced, the ventilation and light transmission conditions are improved, diseases such as leaf spot diseases and dry top rot diseases generated under the high-temperature high-humidity and concealed conditions cannot easily occur, the generating rate of pests of ceratovacuna lanigera zehntner, mealybug and the like is smaller than that of the conventional single-crop sugarcane, more than 50 percent of pesticide and disease and pest prevention and treatment cost is reduced; in addition, the short stem crops are interplanted, the farm work operation is favorably carried out, and the field management efficiency is improved; and in addition, the short stem crops such as the peanut, the soybean and the like with nitrogen fixation capability are interplanted, partial nitrogen fertilizers can be provided for the sugarcane, and meanwhile, the consumption of chemical fertilizers is reduced.