The invention relates to a gasification/combustion performance testing device and a use method thereof, in particular to a gasification/combustion performance testing device for solid fuel under a pressurized oxygen-water vapor condition and a use method of the gasification/combustion performance testing device, aims to solve the problem that an experimental research system and method for pressurized oxygen-water vapor combustion mode performance evaluation are unavailable at present. The device consists of an inert gas tank, an oxygen tank, a high-pressure constant-flow water injection pump, a powder feeder, a preheating furnace, a heating belt, a premixing tank, a sample injection gun, a one-dimensional furnace, a sampling gun, a gas-solid separator, a high-temperature-resistant back pressure valve, a constant-temperature box, a water-vapor separator and a flue gas analyzer. The method comprises the steps that: solid fuel particles are placed in the powder feeder, the inert gas tank is opened, the one-dimensional furnace is heated, the inert gas tank and the oxygen tank are opened, the high-pressure constant-flow water injection pump is started,the high-temperature-resistant back pressure valve is adjusted,the powder feeder is started for thermochemical conversion, and meanwhile gas phase detection is conducted; and the water injection pump, the inert gas tank and the oxygen tank are closed, the high-temperature-resistant back pressure valve is adjusted, heating and residual particle sample and condensate water detection are turned off, and operation is repeated.