The invention discloses a wastewater collecting device of chemical industry equipment and a working method of the wastewater collecting device. The wastewater collecting device comprises a water storage tank, a primary filtering assembly, structural plates, a flocculation assembly, a disinfection assembly, a water discharging pipe, sewage discharging pipes, a sewage discharging assembly and a supporting assembly. The end face of one side of the water storage tank is connected with the primary filtering assembly. The structural plates are fixedly installed on the two sides of the end face of the water storage tank through bolts, the flocculation assembly is installed on one side of the interior of the water storage tank, the disinfection assembly is installed on the other side of the interior of the water storage tank, and the water discharging pipe is installed at the bottom of the end face of the other side of the water storage tank in an inserted mode. A plurality of sewage discharging pipes are inserted into the bottom end surface of the water storage tank. The wastewater collecting device is firm in structural support and stable in overall structure; when in use, the wastewater treatment device has good precipitation, disinfection and filtration functions, so that impurities in wastewater are effectively removed; and meanwhile, the interior of the tank body can be cleaned, and the pollution discharge effect is good.