The invention discloses a system for monitoring a potentiostat in a cathode protection system in real time. The system comprises the potentiostat, a data acquisition terminal, a microprocessor, an interface module and a GPRS wireless network module, wherein the data acquisition terminal comprises a first signal conditioning module, a first AD conversion module, a magneto-electricity conversion module, a second signal conditioning circuit, a second AD conversion module, a differential transformation circuit, a third AD conversion module and an optocoupler isolation module; the potentiostat is connected with the first signal conditioning module, the magneto-electricity conversion module and the differential transformation circuit, the first signal conditioning module, the first AD conversionmodule, the microprocessor, the interface module and the GPRS wireless network module are sequentially connected, the magneto-electricity conversion module, the second signal conditioning circuit, the second AD conversion module and the microprocessor are sequentially connected, and the differential transformation circuit, the third AD conversion module, the optocoupler isolation module and the microprocessor are sequentially connected. The system can monitor the state of the running potentiostat remotely in real time.