The invention discloses a photoelectric imaging system based on a low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor reading circuit. The system comprises a low-dimensional quantum structure photoelectricity sensor reading circuit module, an ARM (Advanced RISC Machines) module and a general-purpose computer imaging software module. Hardware modules are connected in a bus mode, the ARM module outputs parallel control signals, receives status signals output by the reading circuit module and collects serial data, the ARM module communicates with a general-purpose computer in a universal serial bus (USB) mode, and the imaging software module runs in the general-purpose computer, obtains data through drivers, processes voltage value uploaded by lower computers of each pixel of a photoelectricity sensor and displays the corresponding gray value. The system presents gray images of vision corresponding to the photoelectricity sensor on the general-purpose computer, and provides convenience for measurement, adjustment, application and development of the photoelectricity sensor.