134 results about "Smart surfaces" patented technology

A functional fabric reconfigurable intelligent surface and communication system are disclosed.

Disclosed are techniques for communication. In an aspect, a wireless node (e.g., UE or BS) measures a first TOA of a first SRS-P from a UE, a second TOA of a reflection of a second SRS-P from the UE off of a first RIS, and a third TOA of a reflection of a third SRS-P from the UE off of a second RIS. The UE transmits, to a position estimation entity, measurement information based on the first, second and third TOAs. The position estimation entity determines a positioning estimate of the UE based at least in part on the measurement information.

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide a method for wireless communications at a controller. The controller obtains, from a network entity, signaling indicating a configuration for a security signature for at least one reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). The controller configures the at least one RIS according to the security signature.

The technology described herein is directed towards a reconfigurable intelligent surface that is controlled by an artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) model of a local tile controller. Adaptive shaping of a reconfigurable intelligent surface's geometry by the model produces a desired coverage pattern, including signal strength determined by a model-determined aperture of subarrays of unit cells, and beam direction via controlled phase shifts of the unit cells. Such on-demand reconfiguration adapts the surface for different operating conditions. Further, the model can repair (self-heal) a reconfigurable intelligent surface, by selecting a different aperture that does not include a failing subarray. Each model is locally trained based on local data, as well as federated learning data obtained from other models and aggregated at a centralized controller that learns a global model from the aggregated data. Model optimization via retraining is an ongoing process for continued model improvement.

Relay-aided intelligent reconfigurable surfaces (IRSs) are provided. A novel relay-aided intelligent surface architecture is described herein that has the potential of achieving the promising gains of IRSs with a much smaller number of elements, opening the door for realizing these surfaces in practice. A half-duplex or full-duplex relay is connected to one or more IRSs. This merges the gains of relays and reconfigurable surfaces and splits the required signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain between them. This architecture can then significantly reduce the required number of reconfigurable elements in the IRS(s) while achieving the same spectral efficiencies. Consequently, the proposed relay-aided intelligent surface architecture needs far less channel estimation / beam training overhead and provides enhanced robustness compared to traditional IRS solutions.

The invention discloses a shape memory polymer micro-nano column array preparation method based on femtosecond laser processing, and belongs to the technical field of bionic adhesive materials. According to the method, an epoxy resin type shape memory polymer serves as a matrix, an anodic aluminum oxide template and a femtosecond laser micromachining technology are combined, a nano-column array is formed through AAO template copying, then a micron-column array is formed on the surface of the template through femtosecond laser machining, and finally the micron-nano composite column array with the gecko foot imitating structure is obtained. The method has the advantages of being high in machining precision, high in structural controllability, simple in process, capable of achieving large-area preparation and the like, and is suitable for material preparation in the fields of bionic adhesion, micro-nano sensing, intelligent surfaces and the like.

The invention discloses a communication method based on a reconfigurable intelligent surface, a communication device based on the reconfigurable intelligent surface and a communication system based on the reconfigurable intelligent surface, and belongs to the technical field of wireless communication. Jointly optimizing a current beam forming vector and a current RIS reflection parameter of the sender according to a channel estimation result obtained in real time through a depth deterministic strategy gradient algorithm; a joint optimization model of beam forming and RIS parameters of a sender is established, a non-convex optimization problem is converted into a Markov decision process, efficient solution is realized through a depth deterministic policy gradient algorithm, and the transmission capability of communication can be improved. Furthermore, a reconfigurable intelligent surface technology is introduced, a reflection unit with independent amplitude-phase regulation and control capability is designed, the amplitude fixed limitation of a traditional passive RIS is broken through, double-fading path loss can be effectively overcome, and then the anti-interference performance of a communication system in complex electromagnetic environments such as high spectral density and high interference power can be improved.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A forwarding device (e.g., a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)) may transmit a capability message indicating one or more timing parameters associated with a time duration for the forwarding device to switch a set of forwarding elements from forwarding in a first direction to forwarding in a second direction. The forwarding device may receive, based on the indicated one or more timing parameters, one or more control messages that instructs the forwarding device to forward signal energy in the first direction during a first symbol period and to forward signal energy in the second direction during a second symbol period. The first symbol period may be different from the second symbol period. The forwarding device may include a primary array including a first set of forwarding elements and a secondary array including a second set of forwarding elements.

A beam control method for the intelligent surface device includes obtaining, by a network side device, first channel information of an active unit of the intelligent surface device, where the first channel information is channel information between the network side device and the active unit; obtaining second channel information of the active unit, where the second channel information is channel information between a terminal and the active unit; and determining control information of a unit array of the intelligent surface device based on the first channel information and the second channel information, where the unit array includes the active unit and a passive unit of the intelligent surface device.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) may indicate an ability to maintain phase continuity across transmissions. The RIS may transmit a capability information message and receive control signaling indicating one or more conditions under which the RIS may maintain phase continuity. For example, the RIS may maintain phase continuity when the separation time between consecutive transmissions may be long enough for the RIS to change to an original configuration or original set of transmission parameters. In other cases, the RIS may maintain phase continuity when the same configuration or set of transmission parameters are used between consecutive transmissions, and the time between the transmissions does not exceed a threshold. The RIS may relay signals based on the one or more conditions.

A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) may transmit a capability report associated with the RIS. The capability report may be associated with reflection and sensing capabilities of the RIS. A network node may obtain the capability report associated with the RIS. The network node may transmit a first configuration of resources associated with at least one RS and a second configuration of at least one mode associated with the reflection and sensing capabilities of the RIS. The at least one mode may be associated with the at least one RS. The at least one mode may include a hybrid sensing and reflection mode. The RIS may receive the first configuration of resources associated with the at least one RS and the second configuration of the at least one mode associated with the reflection and sensing capabilities of the RIS.

The present disclosure provides a reconfigurable intelligent surface, including: a receiving unit which receives subarray division setting information sent from a base station; a reconfigurable panel; and a processing unit, which divides, based on the subarray division setting information, the reconfigurable panel into M subarrays, where M is a positive integer greater than 1, wherein, the subarray division setting information is determined based on a distance between a target device and the reconfigurable panel, N subarrays of the M subarrays serve one target device, and N is a positive integer greater than 1 and less than or equal to M.

The invention relates to the field of intelligent surfaces and flexible electronics, and discloses a light-emitting structure with intelligent touch and light-transmitting display functions and a control system.The light-emitting structure sequentially comprises a stress buffer layer, a touch function layer and a light-transmitting surface layer from inside to outside, and the stress buffer layer is provided with a micron-sized corrugated structure; flexible photoelectric display modules are integrated in the troughs; the touch function layer is made of an elastomer material containing a nanowire network, and a micro hydraulic tactile feedback unit is embedded in the touch function layer; the light-transmitting surface layer is provided with micro-nano textures and is used for generating diffuse reflection on ambient light and presenting matte texture when no light is emitted from the interior. Excellent flexible stretching and curved surface adaptability are achieved through the corrugated structure and the lap joint sliding conductive network, and accurate touch control is ensured; millisecond-level local physical touch is provided through an electrostriction driving hydraulic amplification principle; the invisible display effect is achieved in combination with the light-transmitting skin, and the problems of mechanical failure and tactile feedback deficiency in vehicle-mounted curved surface interaction are solved.

The present invention belongs to the field of computational electromagnetics and provides a multi-state simulation method for a reconfigurable intelligent surface to achieve the purpose of shortening the calculation time and reducing the memory consumption. First, obtain the unit model of the reconfigurable intelligent surface, expand the unit model to form a 3×3 characteristic sub-unit basic array, and regard it as an invariant geometric structure item, and regard the two-dimensional equivalent circuit model as a variable state description item. Then, extract the characteristics of the invariant geometric structure item and the variable state description item to obtain the system matrix of the reconfigurable intelligent surface and construct a system equation. Finally, solve the system equation to obtain the unknown electromagnetic field quantities to be solved, so as to calculate the electromagnetic characteristics of the reconfigurable intelligent surface and complete the multi-state simulation of the reconfigurable intelligent surface. The present invention effectively optimizes the repeated calculation part in the multi-state simulation process of the reconfigurable intelligent surface, significantly reduces the memory consumption, and greatly shortens the simulation time under the condition of ensuring the solution accuracy.

The invention provides a communication method and related equipment, and relates to the technical field of wireless communication. The method comprises the steps that the intelligent surface determines a first panel pattern of the intelligent surface and a weight value of each electromagnetic unit group in the first panel pattern according to first indication information configured by network equipment, the first panel pattern represents a grouping mode of a plurality of electromagnetic units, and each electromagnetic unit group comprises at least one electromagnetic unit; and controlling each electromagnetic unit group based on the first panel pattern and the weight value of each electromagnetic unit group in the first panel pattern, so as to forward the data from the sending end to the receiving end through the intelligent surface, thereby reducing independent control instructions for a large number of electromagnetic units, reducing the complexity and transmission delay of a communication system, and improving the communication efficiency. Energy efficiency and performance are balanced, and high throughput, low time delay and high energy efficiency of a communication system are realized.

The invention relates to a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS). Provided is an RIS capable of fitting a non-planar surface, the RIS comprising: a plurality of RIS unit cells; a plurality of accelerometers, each configured to detect accelerometer data of at least one of the RIS unit cells; and a controller configured to determine an operating condition of the RIS based on the detected accelerometer data of the RIS unit cell, and adjust one or more operating parameters based on the operating condition. A method of operating such an RIS is also provided in which each RIS unit cell includes a dedicated accelerometer configured to detect accelerometer data of the RIS unit cell.

In an aspect, a user equipment (UE) may receive a reflectance schedule associated with a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS), where the reflectance schedule indicates one or more incident-reflectance angle pairs and an indication of a time at which the one or more incident-reflectance angle pairs are activated at the RIS. The UE may transmit one or more sensing signals for reflection by the RIS based on the reflection schedule, wherein the one or more sensing signals are transmitted at one or more occasions during which at least one of the one or more incidence-reflection angle pairs that reflects the one or more sensing signals from the RIS to the target area is activated.

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide a method for wireless communication at a network entity, the method generally including transmitting signaling that configures a time domain twiddle factor for at least one reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) to apply a time-varying reflection coefficient rotation, wherein the time domain twiddle factor is based on a Doppler frequency corresponding to a reflective link between the network entity and a user equipment (UE) via the at least one RIS; and communicating with the UE via the RIS after sending the signaling.

Relay-aided intelligent reconfigurable surfaces (IRSs) are provided. A novel relay-aided intelligent surface architecture is described herein that has the potential of achieving the promising gains of IRSs with a much smaller number of elements, opening the door for realizing these surfaces in practice. A half-duplex or full-duplex relay is connected to one or more IRSs. This merges the gains of relays and reconfigurable surfaces and splits the required signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain between them. This architecture can then significantly reduce the required number of reconfigurable elements in the IRS(s) while achieving the same spectral efficiencies. Consequently, the proposed relay-aided intelligent surface architecture needs far less channel estimation / beam training overhead and provides enhanced robustness compared to traditional IRS solutions.

This invention discloses a communication method, apparatus, and system based on reconfigurable smart surfaces, belonging to the field of wireless communication technology. The communication method based on reconfigurable smart surfaces jointly optimizes the transmitter's current beamforming vector and current RIS reflection parameters based on real-time channel estimation results using a deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm. A joint optimization model of the transmitter's beamforming and RIS parameters is established, transforming the non-convex optimization problem into a Markov decision process, which is efficiently solved using the deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm, thereby improving the transmission capability of the communication. Furthermore, the introduction of reconfigurable smart surface technology, with its design featuring a reflection unit possessing independent amplitude-phase modulation capability, overcomes the fixed amplitude limitation of traditional passive RIS, effectively overcoming dual-fading path loss, and thus improving the anti-interference performance of the communication system in complex electromagnetic environments such as high spectral density and high interference power.

The application discloses a kind of reflection type mechanical drive intelligent electromagnetic super surface.The intelligent surface combines electromagnetic super surface and mechanical drive structure, breaks the limitation that traditional passive super surface is not reconfigurable and cannot be real-time regulated, compared with active super surface, no loss is introduced, with higher reflection efficiency.Based on the above advantages, the intelligent surface can realize beamforming and coverage enhancement of two orthogonal linearly polarized electromagnetic waves when electromagnetic wave is incident in free space.The intelligent surface responds to electromagnetic wave of specified frequency band through optimized square patch structure, and its dynamic adjustable property is realized by real-time control of three step motors driven adjustable metal backboard bidirectional movement through computer and control board output pulse signal.This polarization multiplexing reflection type mechanical drive intelligent surface has the characteristics of high efficiency, easy to process, real-time dynamic continuous adjustment, etc., and has application prospect in widening channel capacity and improving communication efficiency.

The invention discloses a wireless access device and method based on a reconfigurable intelligent surface in combination with a WAPI (Wireless Local Area Network Authentication and Privacy Infrastructure), and relates to the technical field of wireless communication. The device comprises a reconfigurable intelligent surface module, a WAPI security authentication module, a wireless access control module and a collaborative optimization module, the phase and amplitude of a wireless channel are dynamically regulated and controlled through the reconfigurable intelligent surface, and the signal coverage quality is enhanced; meanwhile, a WAPI protocol is integrated to achieve identity authentication and data encryption of terminal access, communication safety is guaranteed, the channel state and safety requirements are analyzed in real time through the collaborative optimization module, RIS reflection parameters and a WAPI key management strategy are jointly optimized, and the method is suitable for scenes such as an intelligent power grid and the industrial Internet of Things. According to the method, the high-security wireless access requirement is met while the network throughput is improved and the time delay is reduced.

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for wireless communications. In one example, a method includes transmitting, to a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), a reconfigurable intelligent surface reference signal (RIS-RS) configured for a user equipment, wherein the RIS-RS is not associated with a physical broadcast channel (PBCH); and receiving, from the user equipment, a channel state information (CSI) report comprising one or more measurements associated with the RIS-RS.

The invention relates to a method (100) for analyzing signal behavior of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (5) in a communication network (1), comprising: - Collecting (101), through a base station (10), data based on monitoring communication signals of the reconfigurable smart surface (5) and / or based on messages from devices in the communication network that interact with the reconfigurable smart surface (5), - Analyzing (102), by the base station (10), the collected data regarding fluctuations in the signal behavior of the reconfigurable intelligent surface (5), - Detecting (103) an abnormal signal behavior based on the analysis (102), - Checking (104) for the availability of a connection with the further analysis entity (20), - Initiating (105) a countermeasure by the base station (10) in the event of a missing or limited connection with the further analysis entity (20).

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method and apparatus for reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) assisted positioning. In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, a location management function may include: a transceiver; and a processor coupled to the transceiver and configured to: transmit, via the transceiver and to a base station (BS), a request message requesting a positioning reference signal (PRS) configuration for RIS-assisted downlink positioning or a sounding reference signal (SRS) configuration for RIS-assisted uplink positioning; and receiving, via the transceiver, the PRS configuration or the SRS configuration from the BS.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. Generally, the described techniques provide for control of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) and for beam selection at a base station based on feedback from a user equipment (UE). In some examples, the feedback may be based on a variance threshold of a reference signal received power for a set of reference signals transmitted by the base station and associated with a beam directed toward a RIS. In some examples, the feedback may be based on a received power comparison between a probe or reference beam and a set of reference signals transmitted by the base station and associated with a beam directed toward a RIS. The base station and the UE may communicate via using the RIS or not using the RIS based on the feedback.

Devices and methods for wireless communication at a reconfigurable smart surface are presented. The method includes receiving, from the network device, a first configuration message with separate channel state information reference signals for separately measuring (i) a channel of a backhaul link between the reconfigurable smart surface and the network device, and (ii) a channel of an access link between the user equipment and the reconfigurable smart device. The method includes receiving a second configuration message having an indication of a resource that the controller should utilize to report channel state information (CSI) on an uplink channel between the reconfigurable smart surface and the network device, the resource being used to transmit CSI for the backhaul link and for the access link. The method includes reporting separate CSI of a backhaul link and an access link on an uplink of a C-link that communicatively connects the reconfigurable smart surface with the network device.