72 results about "Smart surfaces" patented technology

Disclosed are techniques for communication. In an aspect, a wireless node (e.g., UE or BS) measures a first TOA of a first SRS-P from a UE, a second TOA of a reflection of a second SRS-P from the UE off of a first RIS, and a third TOA of a reflection of a third SRS-P from the UE off of a second RIS. The UE transmits, to a position estimation entity, measurement information based on the first, second and third TOAs. The position estimation entity determines a positioning estimate of the UE based at least in part on the measurement information.

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide a method for wireless communications at a controller. The controller obtains, from a network entity, signaling indicating a configuration for a security signature for at least one reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). The controller configures the at least one RIS according to the security signature.

The invention discloses a shape memory polymer micro-nano column array preparation method based on femtosecond laser processing, and belongs to the technical field of bionic adhesive materials. According to the method, an epoxy resin type shape memory polymer serves as a matrix, an anodic aluminum oxide template and a femtosecond laser micromachining technology are combined, a nano-column array is formed through AAO template copying, then a micron-column array is formed on the surface of the template through femtosecond laser machining, and finally the micron-nano composite column array with the gecko foot imitating structure is obtained. The method has the advantages of being high in machining precision, high in structural controllability, simple in process, capable of achieving large-area preparation and the like, and is suitable for material preparation in the fields of bionic adhesion, micro-nano sensing, intelligent surfaces and the like.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A forwarding device (e.g., a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)) may transmit a capability message indicating one or more timing parameters associated with a time duration for the forwarding device to switch a set of forwarding elements from forwarding in a first direction to forwarding in a second direction. The forwarding device may receive, based on the indicated one or more timing parameters, one or more control messages that instructs the forwarding device to forward signal energy in the first direction during a first symbol period and to forward signal energy in the second direction during a second symbol period. The first symbol period may be different from the second symbol period. The forwarding device may include a primary array including a first set of forwarding elements and a secondary array including a second set of forwarding elements.

A beam control method for the intelligent surface device includes obtaining, by a network side device, first channel information of an active unit of the intelligent surface device, where the first channel information is channel information between the network side device and the active unit; obtaining second channel information of the active unit, where the second channel information is channel information between a terminal and the active unit; and determining control information of a unit array of the intelligent surface device based on the first channel information and the second channel information, where the unit array includes the active unit and a passive unit of the intelligent surface device.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) may indicate an ability to maintain phase continuity across transmissions. The RIS may transmit a capability information message and receive control signaling indicating one or more conditions under which the RIS may maintain phase continuity. For example, the RIS may maintain phase continuity when the separation time between consecutive transmissions may be long enough for the RIS to change to an original configuration or original set of transmission parameters. In other cases, the RIS may maintain phase continuity when the same configuration or set of transmission parameters are used between consecutive transmissions, and the time between the transmissions does not exceed a threshold. The RIS may relay signals based on the one or more conditions.

A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) may transmit a capability report associated with the RIS. The capability report may be associated with reflection and sensing capabilities of the RIS. A network node may obtain the capability report associated with the RIS. The network node may transmit a first configuration of resources associated with at least one RS and a second configuration of at least one mode associated with the reflection and sensing capabilities of the RIS. The at least one mode may be associated with the at least one RS. The at least one mode may include a hybrid sensing and reflection mode. The RIS may receive the first configuration of resources associated with the at least one RS and the second configuration of the at least one mode associated with the reflection and sensing capabilities of the RIS.

The present disclosure provides a reconfigurable intelligent surface, including: a receiving unit which receives subarray division setting information sent from a base station; a reconfigurable panel; and a processing unit, which divides, based on the subarray division setting information, the reconfigurable panel into M subarrays, where M is a positive integer greater than 1, wherein, the subarray division setting information is determined based on a distance between a target device and the reconfigurable panel, N subarrays of the M subarrays serve one target device, and N is a positive integer greater than 1 and less than or equal to M.

The invention relates to the field of intelligent surfaces and flexible electronics, and discloses a light-emitting structure with intelligent touch and light-transmitting display functions and a control system.The light-emitting structure sequentially comprises a stress buffer layer, a touch function layer and a light-transmitting surface layer from inside to outside, and the stress buffer layer is provided with a micron-sized corrugated structure; flexible photoelectric display modules are integrated in the troughs; the touch function layer is made of an elastomer material containing a nanowire network, and a micro hydraulic tactile feedback unit is embedded in the touch function layer; the light-transmitting surface layer is provided with micro-nano textures and is used for generating diffuse reflection on ambient light and presenting matte texture when no light is emitted from the interior. Excellent flexible stretching and curved surface adaptability are achieved through the corrugated structure and the lap joint sliding conductive network, and accurate touch control is ensured; millisecond-level local physical touch is provided through an electrostriction driving hydraulic amplification principle; the invisible display effect is achieved in combination with the light-transmitting skin, and the problems of mechanical failure and tactile feedback deficiency in vehicle-mounted curved surface interaction are solved.

The invention relates to a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS). Provided is an RIS capable of fitting a non-planar surface, the RIS comprising: a plurality of RIS unit cells; a plurality of accelerometers, each configured to detect accelerometer data of at least one of the RIS unit cells; and a controller configured to determine an operating condition of the RIS based on the detected accelerometer data of the RIS unit cell, and adjust one or more operating parameters based on the operating condition. A method of operating such an RIS is also provided in which each RIS unit cell includes a dedicated accelerometer configured to detect accelerometer data of the RIS unit cell.

Relay-aided intelligent reconfigurable surfaces (IRSs) are provided. A novel relay-aided intelligent surface architecture is described herein that has the potential of achieving the promising gains of IRSs with a much smaller number of elements, opening the door for realizing these surfaces in practice. A half-duplex or full-duplex relay is connected to one or more IRSs. This merges the gains of relays and reconfigurable surfaces and splits the required signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain between them. This architecture can then significantly reduce the required number of reconfigurable elements in the IRS(s) while achieving the same spectral efficiencies. Consequently, the proposed relay-aided intelligent surface architecture needs far less channel estimation / beam training overhead and provides enhanced robustness compared to traditional IRS solutions.

This invention discloses a communication method, apparatus, and system based on reconfigurable smart surfaces, belonging to the field of wireless communication technology. The communication method based on reconfigurable smart surfaces jointly optimizes the transmitter's current beamforming vector and current RIS reflection parameters based on real-time channel estimation results using a deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm. A joint optimization model of the transmitter's beamforming and RIS parameters is established, transforming the non-convex optimization problem into a Markov decision process, which is efficiently solved using the deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm, thereby improving the transmission capability of the communication. Furthermore, the introduction of reconfigurable smart surface technology, with its design featuring a reflection unit possessing independent amplitude-phase modulation capability, overcomes the fixed amplitude limitation of traditional passive RIS, effectively overcoming dual-fading path loss, and thus improving the anti-interference performance of the communication system in complex electromagnetic environments such as high spectral density and high interference power.

The application discloses a kind of reflection type mechanical drive intelligent electromagnetic super surface.The intelligent surface combines electromagnetic super surface and mechanical drive structure, breaks the limitation that traditional passive super surface is not reconfigurable and cannot be real-time regulated, compared with active super surface, no loss is introduced, with higher reflection efficiency.Based on the above advantages, the intelligent surface can realize beamforming and coverage enhancement of two orthogonal linearly polarized electromagnetic waves when electromagnetic wave is incident in free space.The intelligent surface responds to electromagnetic wave of specified frequency band through optimized square patch structure, and its dynamic adjustable property is realized by real-time control of three step motors driven adjustable metal backboard bidirectional movement through computer and control board output pulse signal.This polarization multiplexing reflection type mechanical drive intelligent surface has the characteristics of high efficiency, easy to process, real-time dynamic continuous adjustment, etc., and has application prospect in widening channel capacity and improving communication efficiency.

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for wireless communications. In one example, a method includes transmitting, to a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), a reconfigurable intelligent surface reference signal (RIS-RS) configured for a user equipment, wherein the RIS-RS is not associated with a physical broadcast channel (PBCH); and receiving, from the user equipment, a channel state information (CSI) report comprising one or more measurements associated with the RIS-RS.

The invention relates to a method (100) for analyzing signal behavior of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (5) in a communication network (1), comprising: - Collecting (101), through a base station (10), data based on monitoring communication signals of the reconfigurable smart surface (5) and / or based on messages from devices in the communication network that interact with the reconfigurable smart surface (5), - Analyzing (102), by the base station (10), the collected data regarding fluctuations in the signal behavior of the reconfigurable intelligent surface (5), - Detecting (103) an abnormal signal behavior based on the analysis (102), - Checking (104) for the availability of a connection with the further analysis entity (20), - Initiating (105) a countermeasure by the base station (10) in the event of a missing or limited connection with the further analysis entity (20).

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. Generally, the described techniques provide for control of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) and for beam selection at a base station based on feedback from a user equipment (UE). In some examples, the feedback may be based on a variance threshold of a reference signal received power for a set of reference signals transmitted by the base station and associated with a beam directed toward a RIS. In some examples, the feedback may be based on a received power comparison between a probe or reference beam and a set of reference signals transmitted by the base station and associated with a beam directed toward a RIS. The base station and the UE may communicate via using the RIS or not using the RIS based on the feedback.

A 5G communication system or a 6G communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4G communication system such as long term evolution (LTE). A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) including a plurality of unit cells in a wireless communication system includes a first pattern included in a top layer of a unit cell included in the RIS, a second pattern included in a bottom layer of the unit cell included in the RIS, and at least one switch configured to electrically ground or short the first pattern and the second pattern in response to a command for determining whether the unit cell included in the RIS operates as a transmissive RIS or a reflective RIS.

A system for determining a configuration of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (21) capable of changing a propagation environment of wireless signals in a controlled manner is configured to cause the reconfigurable intelligent surface to successively use a plurality of candidate configurations during a plurality of time intervals. Each time interval corresponds to one candidate configuration. The system is further configured to cause a set of mobile devices (31-36) to perform measurements on wireless signals transmitted by one or more base stations (11) in the plurality of time intervals and to report the measurements, to receive measurement reports from the set of mobile devices, to determine a configuration of the reconfigurable intelligent surface based on the measurement reports, and to cause the reconfigurable intelligent surface to use the determined configuration. The measurement reports comprise results of the measurements.

A method includes: transmitting, from a UE, a first on-demand request for first PRS resources of a first signal type based on reception by the UE of a first DL-RS of the first signal type with at least a first threshold quality and lack of reception of a second DL-RS of a second signal type with at least a second threshold quality, one of the first and second signal types being for non-RIS-reflected signal transfer and the other signal type being for RIS-reflected signal transfer; or transmitting, from the UE, a second on-demand request for second PRS resources for RIS-reflected signal transfer, the second on-demand request specifying a first RIS of a plurality of RISes associated with a common base station; or transmitting, from the UE, a capability message indicating that the UE supports different PRS symbol durations for RIS-reflected PRS and non-RIS-reflected PRS; or any combination thereof.

The application provides a kind of based on the cooperative jamming security transmission method and system of transmissive-reflection integrated smart surface, belongs to wireless communication technical field, the method includes: constructing security communication scene;In the security communication scene, transmissive-reflection integrated smart surface with the function of re-regulating incident signal into transmission signal or reflection signal is deployed, to divide the communication space into transmission space and reflection space;In different communication link scenes, combined with the cooperative jamming security transmission method, different security communication strategies are set;The communication performance key parameters of each security communication strategy are calculated and analyzed, to select the required security communication strategy according to actual demand.The application uses transmissive-reflection integrated smart surface to construct security communication scene that can not only guarantee communication efficiency but also effectively defend against eavesdropping attacks, not only enhances the security of communication system, but also provides an important idea for future intelligent, adaptive security communication network design.

The application belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and discloses a phase shift feedback method of a reconfigurable intelligent surface. The method is applied to a sending device, and the phase shift feedback method of the reconfigurable intelligent surface comprises the following steps: obtaining a to-be-transmitted phase shift matrix; determining a feature serial number according to the to-be-transmitted phase shift matrix, a target encoder and a shared knowledge base, wherein the shared knowledge base is common to the sending device and a reconfigurable intelligent surface device; and sending a bit stream of the feature serial number to the reconfigurable intelligent surface device, so that the reconfigurable intelligent surface device determines a received phase shift matrix according to the bit stream of the feature serial number, the shared knowledge base and a target decoder. In the foregoing manner, the feature serial number of the to-be-transmitted phase shift matrix that needs to be fed back is determined, and only the bit stream of the feature serial number is transmitted during transmission, so that the communication resources occupied by the feedback of the reconfigurable intelligent surface and the feedback data volume are greatly reduced, the time resources consumed during the feedback are reduced, and the phase accuracy of the feedback is ensured.

The utility model relates to an intelligent surface packaging structure, an intelligent surface structure, electronic equipment and a vehicle, the intelligent surface packaging structure comprises a membrane and a plurality of light-emitting components, the plurality of light-emitting components are fixed on the membrane through a packaging plastic material, and a light isolation area for preventing light channeling is formed between the adjacent light-emitting components. The light-emitting component can be welded and fixed on the diaphragm in advance and then packaged and fixed through the packaging plastic material, so that a reinforcing effect can be achieved, and the light-emitting component is prevented from being impacted and falling off in the injection molding process of the last step of IME. By arranging the light insulation areas between the adjacent light-emitting components, the light guide and light insulation effects can be achieved, so that the problem of light channeling is solved, and it is guaranteed that light is emitted more evenly.

The invention provides an SMIF box closing stroke control method, system and device and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps that a box closing stroke stage is monitored; according to the box closing stroke stage, different detection modes are adopted to detect the protruding piece; performing graded early warning in different box closing stroke stages; and controlling a box closing stroke according to the graded early warning. The beneficial effects of the invention are that the oblique correlation sensor and the vertical diffuse reflection sensor are arranged at the same time, the detection range is expanded, the detection blind area is further reduced, the probability of fragment generation during SMIF box closing is reduced, smooth production is ensured, staged detection and graded response are realized, and the production efficiency is improved. According to the method, frequent shutdown caused by false detection in the initial stage and the completion stage is avoided, the shutdown frequency caused by false triggering is reduced through signal threshold value filtering, and the box closing efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses a high-light-transmittance and high-concealment layered structure intelligent surface based on a composite micro-nano structure, a preparation method of the high-light-transmittance and high-concealment layered structure intelligent surface and electronic equipment, and belongs to the technical field of optical technologies, functional materials and man-machine interaction. A substrate layer; a polarization / angle selective metasurface layer; the customized narrowband filtering-multilayer film system layer is optically coupled with the polarization / angle selection type metasurface layer and is configured to have high transmittance for target wave band light emitted by the display element and have high reflectivity for visible light beyond the target wave band; and a display device layer. According to the technical scheme, in the non-working state, the light transmittance of visible light is extremely low, and perfect visual concealment is achieved. And in a working state, the system has extremely high overall transmissivity for a specific wave band of a display light source, so that bright and energy-saving display is realized. And the required optical power is obviously reduced, and the heat dissipation risk is reduced fundamentally.

The technology described herein involves remotely controlling the direction and signal strength of beams reflected from a reconfigurable smart surface. A modular design of interconnected, communicatively coupled building blocks in a cell facilitates a simple assembly process, where the aperture of the reconfigurable smart surface can be scaled by tiling the blocks together. Upon receiving a control signal (e.g., a nine-digit code over infrared), the reconfigurable smart surface aperture can be remotely fine-tuned with respect to gain and beam reflection direction. Depending on a given scenario, the reflected beams can be controlled to reflect electromagnetic waves (e.g., millimeter waves) as concentrated high-gain coverage beams in a specified direction, more extensive low-gain coverage area beams in a specified direction, or some beams in between, e.g., moderate signal strength and medium coverage area.

The application provides a novel low-power-consumption low-complexity active dual-function reconfigurable intelligent surface unit and surface, which comprises: an active load for amplifying an incident electromagnetic signal to obtain an amplified electromagnetic signal; a power distribution network for receiving the amplified electromagnetic signal transmitted by the active load and distributing the power of the amplified electromagnetic signal to obtain a power-distributed electromagnetic signal; a first phase shifter for receiving the power-distributed electromagnetic signal transmitted by the power distribution network, modulating the phase of the power-distributed electromagnetic signal, and outputting a modulated-phase electromagnetic signal; and a second phase shifter for receiving the power-distributed electromagnetic signal transmitted by the power distribution network and outputting the modulated-phase electromagnetic signal. Due to the low cost, low power consumption and easy installation of the active dual-function reconfigurable intelligent surface, the application can be widely promoted in the field of wireless communication.

The invention relates to control of a reconfigurable smart surface. It is proposed a method comprising providing configuration information to one or more devices of a mobile communication system, where the mobile communication system comprises a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) configurable to selectively support communications between devices of one or more of a plurality of cells of the mobile communication system and a network node, wherein the RIS is configurable between a first condition in which the RIS supports a first cell of the plurality of cells and a second condition in which the RIS supports a second cell of the plurality of cells; receiving a sounding reference signal (SRS) from each of the plurality of devices, each SRS being transmitted according to the configuration information; and determining one or more cell metrics based on the SRS signals received from the plurality of devices.

Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for controlling a reconfigurable intelligent surface device. One method includes determining a control signal for a reconfigurable intelligent surface device to control a parameter of at least one element of a plurality of elements of the reconfigurable intelligent surface device. The parameter includes information indicating a phase angle. The method includes transmitting the control signal to the reconfigurable intelligent surface device to control the parameter of the at least one element of the reconfigurable intelligent surface device.

A reconfigurable smart surface is disclosed. The reconfigurable smart surface includes a movable metallic ground plane and a piezoelectric actuator connected to the movable metallic ground plane. Applying a voltage to the piezoelectric actuator causes the piezoelectric actuator to move the movable metallic ground plane, resulting in a change in the thickness of a cavity formed in the reconfigurable smart surface. This allows the signal to be reflected to be modulated in a continuous manner by changing the thickness of the cavity. The reconfigurable smart surface can be a panel comprising multiple units arranged to reflect and modulate the incident signal.

The application belongs to the technical field of intelligent surfaces, and discloses a preparation method of a poly-N-isopropyl acrylamide / polyvinylidene fluoride switchable wetting behavior film based on electrostatic spinning. The steps are as follows: after poly-N-isopropyl acrylamide (PNIPAM) and polyvinylidene fluoride are mixed to prepare a spinning solution, the spinning solution is loaded into a syringe, a substrate is fixed on a receiver, then a certain voltage is applied to stretch the spinning solution into a fiber and deposit the fiber on the substrate; after the spinning is completed, the fiber film is dried at room temperature, and the film is obtained after the solvent volatilizes. The hydrophobic material and the temperature-sensitive material mixed solution are stretched into a fiber film by the electrostatic spinning method, and then the film realizes the switchable wetting behavior function. The method improves the hydrophilicity of PNIPAM, improves the film utilization, and improves the anti-dissolution. The method improves the mechanical properties of the film and improves the toughness of the film. The raw materials adopted by the application are rich, the method is simple, and the film can be produced in large quantities. The application provides a new idea for droplet manipulation.