270 results about "Varicap" patented technology

The invention relates to a reconfigurable dual-mode leaky-wave antenna with global scanning capability and a reconfiguration method, the leaky-wave antenna comprises a double-layer slow-wave waveguide structure formed by an upper metal conductor and a lower metal conductor, and the upper metal conductor and the lower metal conductor are separated by a dielectric substrate; the double-layer slow-wave waveguide structure comprises a plurality of periodic units, and a plurality of T-shaped structures with opposite directions are processed on upper and lower layers of metal conductors of each periodic unit to form a plurality of grooves; a variable capacitance diode is embedded into the tail end of a slot arm of the upper-layer metal conductor and is electrically connected with the lower-layer metal conductor through a metal via hole, and a closed loop is formed between the upper-layer metal conductor and the lower-layer metal conductor; a plurality of elliptical radiation patches are arranged at the top of a slot arm of the lower metal conductor at intervals and used for radiation leakage of the slow wave waveguide, and continuous frequency scanning covering 180 degrees is achieved; according to the invention, two modes of frequency scanning and fixed-frequency scanning are fused, 180-degree global scanning can be realized in any frequency reconfigurable interval, and beams can be flexibly reconstructed through multiple control strategies under a fixed-frequency condition.

The invention provides a frequency, polarization and directional diagram reconfigurable antenna unit and array. The antenna unit comprises a tuning microstrip antenna unit and a reconfigurable feed phase-shift network which are stacked, the tuning microstrip antenna unit comprises a circular radiation patch etched with a circular gap and four variable capacitance diodes bridged on the circular gap; two output ports of a Wilkinson power division network in the reconfigurable feed phase shift network are respectively connected with two feed point micro-strips through PIN diodes, and four feed points form a structure which is in space symmetry and asymmetric in impedance. The circular radiation patch and the annular radiation patch in the antenna unit have continuity in structure, only four variable capacitance diodes are loaded on the annular gap, gain fluctuation is reduced, and the antenna unit is fed through four feed points which are symmetrical in space and asymmetric in impedance, so that the antenna unit is more stable in performance. Good matching can be kept between the feed phase-shifting network and the antenna unit in a broadband range, and the tuning bandwidth of the antenna is widened.

The invention discloses a linear polarization scattering reconfigurable array antenna, which belongs to the technical field of antenna manufacturing and comprises an antenna unit, an extension socket, a transmission type phase shifter and an inductor. The antenna unit comprises a radiation patch, a first dielectric substrate, a metal via hole, a metal patch, a second dielectric substrate, a perforated metal floor, a third dielectric substrate, a feed metal column and a radio frequency coaxial connector, the radio frequency coaxial connector is connected with the radiation patch through the feed metal column, and a variable capacitance diode and a capacitor are arranged on the transmission type phase shifter. The transmission type phase shifter is connected with the radiation patch through the feed metal column, the variable capacitance diode is connected with the punching metal floor, the bottom of the third dielectric substrate is provided with a direct current bias line, the direct current bias line is connected with the transmission type phase shifter through the inductor, and the transmission type phase shifter is connected with the radiation patch through the feed metal column. According to the invention, flexible regulation and control of antenna scattering beams can be realized, and the antenna has the characteristics of flexible control, fast response speed and high radiation efficiency.

This disclosure relates generally to a composite reconfigurable intelligent surface system for real time beam steering and method thereof. Conventional method for real time beam steering includes bulky systems with several antenna elements and amplifiers to shape and control the beam. The present disclosure provides a composite reconfigurable intelligent surface (CRIS) for real time beam steering. The CRIS is formed from a set of constituent reflecting surfaces which in turn are generated from unit cells. These unit cells are responsible for providing individual phase reflection performance utilizing the installed varactor diode in each unit cell. The CRIS can provide a) multi-beam reflection performance, b) polarization sensitive operation, c) 2D beam steering abilities, d) real-time beam control, e) null point reduction for beam shaping requirements and f) dependable pattern stability over a suitable range of frequencies.

The embodiment of the invention provides a tunable cavity filtering coupler, an antenna device and communication equipment, and relates to the technical field of mobile communication. The tunable cavity filtering coupler comprises a dielectric substrate, a base layer and a metal layer arranged on the surface of at least one side of the base layer, the metal layer is provided with an annular coupler and a bias circuit, the annular coupler comprises four center loading branch resonators which are sequentially distributed in the circumferential direction, and the four center loading branch resonators are connected with the bias circuit. Each center loading branch resonator is connected with a variable capacitance diode. The metal layer further comprises feed ports which are in one-to-one correspondence with the center loading branch resonators and are connected with the center loading branch resonators. The biasing circuit is arranged on the periphery of the annular coupler in a surrounding mode, and the biasing circuit is electrically connected with the variable capacitance diode. According to the tunable cavity filtering coupler, the antenna device and the communication equipment provided by the invention, frequency selectivity and passband tunable functions are realized, and multi-band operation requirements are met.

The invention discloses a band-pass type active frequency selective surface based on double-element composite loading. The band-pass type active frequency selective surface comprises at least one resonance unit which is periodically arranged, the resonance unit sequentially comprises a top metal frequency selection surface layer, a first dielectric structure layer, a middle metal feed layer, a second dielectric structure layer and a bottom metal frequency selection surface layer from top to bottom; the top metal layer and the bottom metal layer are composed of square ring aperture grooves subjected to deformation processing, and the middle feed layer is of a cross zigzag metal structure, plays a role in coupling an electromagnetic field and serves as a bias network of the AFSS. And the metal through holes penetrate through the resonance units in the vertical direction, so that the middle layer feeder line can respectively provide reverse bias voltage for independently regulating and controlling the resonance frequency for the PINs and the variable capacitance diodes on the top layer and the bottom layer. According to the invention, the functions of band switching and wide-range frequency tuning can be met, so that the problem of insertion loss increase caused by limited design frequency regulation and control range and element loading of the AFSS in the prior art can be solved.

The invention discloses a variable capacitance diode-based element grating leaky-wave antenna adjustable beam control method. The method comprises the following steps of S1, researching and analyzing a super grating beam conversion mechanism; a plane super grating mechanism under anisotropic, uniform and continuous periodic boundary conditions is researched; s2, carrying out the transmission mode and optimization design of the Floquet-Blocch theorem according to the super grating; the FB mode is researched, and a tool used for super grating parameters is designed to eliminate the bad FB mode; s3, analyzing and designing the super grating leaky-wave antenna; the analytic field and current of the synthetic super grating are researched in the leaky-wave antenna frame to customize the performance in the aspects of phase, beam shape and polarization; s4, designing and analyzing the electric tuning wave beam control super grating leaky-wave antenna; according to the variable capacitance diode-based element grating leaky-wave antenna adjustable wave beam control method, a high-efficiency structure platform which is tuned by a tunable material with a simple structure is adopted, and a road is laid for a new generation of high-efficiency special grating.

A reconfigurable metasurface sub reflector comprises an array of cell units. Each sub unit is formed of two sub-unit cells formed with at least two conducting layers separated by a dielectric substrate. One conducting layer has, in each of the sub-unit cells, two parallel strips connected by a varactor and the other conducting layer serves as a ground layer. Setting the reverse biasing for each of the varactors controls the azimuth and elevation of reflection from the reconfigurable metasurface sub reflector.

The invention discloses a broadband circularly polarized scattering reconfigurable array antenna based on variable capacitance diode loading, and the broadband circularly polarized scattering reconfigurable array antenna is composed of a plurality of scattering reconfigurable antenna units. The scattering reconfigurable antenna unit comprises a resonance structure used for radiating or receiving signals and a feed and phase shift structure arranged on the lower surface of the resonance structure. The feed and phase shift structure comprises a broadband directional coupler and a reflection type broadband phase shifter. When the scattering reconfigurable antenna unit is in a radiation working state, the broadband directional coupler radiates energy to the resonant structure; when the scattering reconfigurable antenna unit is in a scattering working state, the broadband directional coupler transmits energy to the reflection type broadband phase shifter, and the reflection type broadband phase shifter regulates energy of secondary radiation of the reflection type broadband phase shifter according to bias voltage applied to an internal variable capacitance diode. The array antenna provided by the invention is wide in working frequency band, and the radiation performance can be ensured while the scattering characteristic is reconfigurable.

A radio frequency communication filter based on voltage tuning comprises an LC low-pass filter composed of a first set of parallel variable capacitance diode units, a second set of parallel variable capacitance diode units and an inductor L2, and an RC high-pass filter which is adjusted along with a tuning voltage control end VT and composed of a capacitor C2, a variable capacitance diode V17, a variable capacitance diode V18, a capacitor C4 and a resistor R2. A third group of parallel variable capacitance diode units, a fourth group of parallel variable capacitance diode units and an inductor L3 form an LC low-pass filter, and a capacitor C3, a variable capacitance diode V20, a variable capacitance diode V19, a capacitor C5 and a resistor R2 form another RC high-pass filter which is adjusted along with a tuning voltage control end VT. And the two band-pass filters are connected to form a high-selectivity and low-insertion-loss adjustable band-pass filter driven by the same controllable tuning voltage control end.

The present invention relates to an adaptive matching circuit and a matching method for a magnetic resonance radio frequency coil, and belongs to the field of magnetic resonance imaging technology. The circuit includes a receiving coil, an adjustable matching circuit, a radio frequency switch, a return loss detection circuit, and a single-chip control circuit; the circuit uses a binary method to adjust the voltage value across the variable capacitance diode in the adjustable matching circuit, and automatically detects the adaptation of the matching circuit through the return loss detection circuit to achieve instant adaptive circuit matching, and through the joint action of the adjustable matching circuit, the radio frequency switch, and the single-chip control circuit, the return loss at the center frequency point of the receiving coil reaches the maximum value to achieve the best matching. The present invention can effectively avoid the situation where the matching circuit cannot match, and improve the transmission efficiency of high-frequency signal energy.

A phase shifter including a 90 degree hybrid circuit having two reflection ends, a varactor having a variable capacitance layer made of vanadium dioxide and disposed at the reflection end of the 90 degree hybrid circuit, and a stub connected to the reflection end of the 90 degree hybrid circuit via the varactor.

The invention relates to a microwave and millimeter wave technology, in particular to an electrically tunable substrate integrated waveguide equalizer based on MESFETs and variable capacitance diodes, which comprises an SIW body, two ends of the SIW body are respectively provided with a 50-ohm microstrip line, and the 50-ohm microstrip lines are connected with the SIW body through gradual transition lines; a rectangular area formed by a groove type frame is arranged in the center of an SIW body, a plurality of electronic elements are arranged on the groove type frame of the rectangular area, MESFETs are introduced into the electronic elements, and variable microwave resistance is fitted by utilizing the characteristic that the MESFETs present different impedance characteristics between a drain and a source under different gate voltages. And the impedance value is adjusted by adjusting the direct-current grid voltage on the MESFETs. According to the invention, the balance value is dynamically and uniformly adjusted, and the adjustment range is widened.

A nonlinear transmission line (NLTL) comprises a plurality of interconnected transmission line cells, each including a shunt path and a transmission line length wherein the shunt path includes a varactor diode and an inductor coupled in series with the varactor diode. A shunt path transmission line may be coupled in the shunt path and one or more filters may be coupled to an input and / or an output of the NLTL.

The invention provides a wave-transparent band frequency-adjustable frequency selection surface, which comprises a loss layer, a frequency selection layer and a bias network, the loss layer and the frequency selection layer are periodically arranged, the loss layer comprises a first resonant structure and a second resonant structure, and the frequency selection layer comprises a third resonant structure. The upper bias network and the lower bias network are respectively connected with direct-current voltages with different polarities, so that the variable capacitance diodes in the first resonant structure and the third resonant structure work under different voltages to generate different capacitance values, the resonant frequency point of the loss layer and the resonant frequency point of the frequency selection layer in the structures generate frequency shift at the same time, and finally continuous adjustability in the wave-transparent frequency band of 5.51 GHz to 6.31 GHz is achieved. Under the action of the second resonant structure and other lumped resistors of the loss layer, wave absorption within the frequency band range of 4.31 GHz to 5.15 GHz and the frequency band range of 6.31 GHz to 13.81 GHz is achieved. The device has the characteristics of continuous frequency modulation and out-of-band wave absorption, can effectively suppress interference of outside electromagnetic waves in other frequency bands or electromagnetic waves in a frequency band close to a communication frequency band on communication, can reduce the radar cross section of a target, and is beneficial to target stealth.

The invention discloses a magnetic coupling phase shift / delay circuit, which comprises a radio frequency input end, a radio frequency output end and a magnetic coupling phase shift / delay unit connected in series between the radio frequency input end and the radio frequency output end, the magnetic coupling phase shift / delay unit comprises a first network and a second network, the first network is any one of all-pass, high-pass and low-pass networks, and the second network is any one of all-pass, high-pass and low-pass networks. Through the two groups of coupling inductors of the two networks, the imaginary component in inductance coil parameters is reduced, the frequency response of the inductance coil and the variable capacitance diode is flatter, the two network structures can be arranged in different passband states, complementation of phase and insertion loss is formed, and while low insertion loss and high phase shifting quantity are achieved, the frequency response of the variable capacitance diode is improved. And the phase shift additional amplitude modulation of the circuit is greatly reduced.

The invention provides a metamaterial reconfigurable dual-polarized antenna array and a dynamic beam forming method thereof. The dual-polarized antenna array is composed of a metamaterial resonance unit array, a reconfigurable polarization network, an intelligent control unit and an adaptive beam forming algorithm. The metamaterial unit structure with the dual-polarization characteristic is designed, and continuous adjustment of the polarization state and the radiation characteristic is achieved by integrating the liquid metal microchannel and the variable capacitance diode. A hierarchical control framework and a deep reinforcement learning algorithm are adopted, self-adaptive optimization control over an antenna array is achieved, and the characteristics of high-precision beam forming, quick response and high energy efficiency are provided while low system complexity is kept. Flexible regulation and control of the polarization state, high-precision beam forming, low system complexity, quick response, high energy efficiency and wide dynamic range can be realized at the same time, so that the requirement of a future communication system on a high-performance antenna is met.

The invention discloses an independent adjustable broadband multi-bit metasurface unit structure, which comprises the following steps of: designing an intelligent metasurface unit independently adjusted by a broadband 3b-it unit by using a resonance scattering analysis method, the low-loss broadband 3b-it phase modulation function of each unit can be achieved in the x-axis polarization direction by controlling the voltage values of the two sides of the varactors, unit bottom layer feeder line arrangement is designed, and the effect of unit independent regulation and control is achieved. Electromagnetic simulation software is utilized to optimize geometric parameters and output reflection electromagnetic response of the design model; the overall design of the intelligent metasurface panel is carried out based on the designed unit model, and the intelligent metasurface panel comprises a sub-panel composed of a plurality of variable capacitance diode-based broadband 3b-it unit independent reconfigurable intelligent metasurface units, and a control panel connected with an external feed device and a main panel.

The invention belongs to the technical field of integrated circuits, and discloses a high-selectivity constant-bandwidth reconfigurable filter chip based on a GaAs (gallium arsenide) process, which comprises a dielectric substrate, a multilayer metal structure, a plurality of folded opening-shaped metal microstrip lines, a plurality of grounding metal columns, a variable capacitance diode, an MIM (metal injection molding) capacitor and the like. Resonance is realized in a mode of combining electric coupling and magnetic coupling, a variable capacitance diode is utilized to tune the center frequency, and the bandwidth is kept constant in the tuning process. Transmission zeros are introduced at two sides of a passband through cross coupling, so that the frequency selectivity and the spectrum management capability are remarkably improved, and meanwhile, the optimization of the microstrip interconnection structure effectively reduces the system loss. According to the invention, the strict requirements of a modern radio frequency communication system on miniaturization, high performance and high selectivity can be met, and extremely high adjustability and adaptability are achieved.

The utility model discloses an intelligent metasurface wireless communication system based on radar assistance. The intelligent metasurface wireless communication system comprises a radar, a controller, a voltage control module and an intelligent metasurface structure which are connected in sequence. The controller is used for receiving position information detected by the radar and converting the position information into a bias voltage coding sequence; the voltage control module is used for outputting bias voltage to the intelligent metasurface according to the bias voltage coding sequence; the intelligent metasurface comprises a plurality of metasurface units arranged in an array, each metasurface unit comprises a variable capacitance diode, and the variable capacitance diodes are driven by the bias voltage to realize dynamic beam tracking. The wireless communication system provided by the utility model not only can improve the capability and stability of wireless communication between the base station and the target and enlarge the wireless coverage range of the base station, but also can be used in various illumination conditions such as heavy fog, night and the like and various wireless communication scenes such as urban traffic scenes, indoor scenes and the like.

This application discloses an intelligent reflective surface and a covert communication system, belonging to the field of wireless communication technology. The intelligent reflective surface includes multiple intelligent reflective surface units arranged in an array; each intelligent reflective surface unit includes: a first substrate, a second substrate, and a third substrate; a metal patch and a varactor diode, located on the side of the third substrate opposite to the second substrate; the metal patch includes a first patch and a second patch, and the varactor diode is located between the first patch and the second patch, with its negative and positive terminals electrically connected to the first patch and the second patch, respectively; a metal ground plane, located between the first substrate and the second substrate; a first bias line and a second bias line, located on the side of the first substrate opposite to the second substrate; the first bias line is electrically connected to the metal ground plane and the first patch, respectively, and the second bias line is electrically connected to the second patch. This application can achieve precise control of electromagnetic waves, reduce electromagnetic energy loss, improve energy transmission efficiency, suppress electromagnetic wave leakage, and improve communication covertness.

The application discloses a variable-beam control method of a variable capacitance diode-based element grating leaky-wave antenna, and comprises the following steps: S1, researching and analyzing an ultra-grating beam conversion mechanism; researching the mechanism of a planar ultra-grating under anisotropic, uniform and continuous periodic boundary conditions; S2, according to the ultra-grating, researching a transmission mode and optimization design of a Floquet-Bloch theorem; researching an FB mode, and eliminating the bad FB mode by designing a tool for ultra-grating parameters; S3, analyzing and designing the ultra-grating leaky-wave antenna; researching the analytical field and current of the synthesized ultra-grating in the framework of the leaky-wave antenna, so as to customize the performance of phase, beam shape and polarization; S4, designing and analyzing an electrically-tuned beam control ultra-grating leaky-wave antenna; the application adopts the variable-beam control method of the variable capacitance diode-based element grating leaky-wave antenna, adopts a simple structure of a tunable material to tune an efficient structure platform, and lays a road for a new generation of efficient special gratings.

The invention provides a layout pattern of a semiconductor varactor, which comprises a plurality of varactor units arranged on a substrate, wherein each varactor unit comprises a plurality of fin structures arranged in parallel with each other, a plurality of gate structures arranged in parallel with each other, located on the substrate and spanning the fin structures, and a gate metal layer electrically connected with the plurality of gate structures.

The application discloses an implementation device and method of a controllable nonreciprocal circuit, and the device comprises a vector network analyzer, a left coupling capacitor, a right coupling capacitor and a nonlinear LC resonant cavity, wherein the resonant frequency of the nonlinear LC resonant cavity is jointly regulated by a direct current bias voltage loaded on a varactor diode and a microwave signal. The application utilizes the difference in coupling efficiency of microwave energy coupled into the nonlinear LC resonant cavity when the microwave signal is transmitted forward and reversely, and utilizes the regulation of the direct current bias voltage on the nonlinear interaction between the microwave signal and the LC resonant cavity mode in the nonlinear LC resonant cavity, so that the nonlinear LC resonant cavity can be in different bistable states when the microwave signal is transmitted forward and reversely, and thus the controllable nonreciprocal transmission with high contrast can be realized for the microwave signal in a larger working bandwidth.

The invention discloses a variable capacitance diode with a large variable capacitance ratio and a preparation method thereof in the field of variable capacitance diodes. The variable capacitance diode sequentially comprises an N + type substrate, an N-type epitaxial layer, an oxide layer and a passivation layer from bottom to top, wherein the back surface of the N + type substrate is provided with a back surface metal electrode; the main junction region is arranged in the middle of the N-type epitaxial layer, and the main junction region is provided with a doped N region and a doped P region from bottom to top; a plurality of vertical grooves are formed in the N-type epitaxial layer, the vertical grooves are located on the outer side of the main junction region, and polycrystalline silicon is filled in the vertical grooves; the oxide layer is provided with a window of a main junction region; the passivation layer comprises a glass layer and a Si3N4 layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; and a front metal electrode and an electroplated layer are sequentially arranged above the main junction region from bottom to top. The variable capacitance diode has a large capacitance ratio, a good C-V curve and low parasitic capacitance and series resistance. And the variable capacitance diode is high in reliability and long in service life.

The present invention discloses a low-cost, high-performance 5-bit programmable phased array antenna operating in the Ku band. The programmable phased array antenna consists of three parts, including a reconfigurable radiating unit with 1-bit (180 degrees) phase quantization, a digital phase shifter with 4-bit (168.75 degrees) phase quantization, and a feeding network. The radio frequency signal enters the antenna from the phased array antenna port, and the states of the PIN diode and the varactor diode loaded in the programmable phased array antenna are adjusted by an external voltage divider control circuit to generate corresponding codes, thereby achieving 0°-60° high-precision beam scanning. Compared with the traditional phased array, the programmable phased array antenna does not require a large number of electronic phase shifters or T / R components, so it has a simple structure, low cost, planarization, easy integration with other devices, and low loss, and has high application value in the microwave field.

The present invention provides a voltage-controlled group delay adjustment module, a digital control adjustment circuit and a radio frequency microwave circuit, including: a filter, receiving an input signal, for selecting a working frequency band and filtering out interference signals; a negative group delay unit, connected to the output end of the filter, for transmitting a signal and adjusting the negative group delay characteristics of the signal; a first varactor diode, connected to the main path of the negative group delay unit, for adjusting the group delay characteristics based on the reverse bias of the first varactor diode; a transformer, a primary coil receiving a first tuning voltage, a secondary coil connected to both ends of the first varactor diode, for voltage-changing and adjusting the first tuning voltage and applying it to both ends of the first varactor diode to change the reverse bias of the first varactor diode. The present invention effectively adjusts the group delay characteristics of the circuit through voltage regulation, and is used for group delay characteristic compensation of filters, amplifiers and even radio frequency microwave circuits, and also realizes more accurate digital control regulation by configuring a peripheral DAC circuit.

The application discloses a SAR two-dimensional multi-phase segmented modulation interference method based on time modulation metasurface, and relates to the technical field of signal processing. In the application, each metasurface unit is combined with two open reverse and symmetrical metal square rings and varactor diodes, so that the phase, amplitude and polarization state of the incident electromagnetic wave are flexibly regulated and controlled. The dynamic regulation and control capability enables the metasurface to adjust the response to the electromagnetic wave in real time according to the requirements of different application scenarios, so that the electromagnetic environment is accurately controlled. The structure of the application only uses two open reverse and symmetrical metal square rings and varactor diodes, so that the phase, amplitude and polarization state of the incident electromagnetic wave are flexibly regulated and controlled, and the electromagnetic environment is accurately controlled. Compared with the traditional complex time modulation metasurface, the modulation performance of the time modulation metasurface is greatly improved, and high-precision SAR radar interference is realized.

The present invention discloses a non-magnetic simultaneous transmit and receive (STAR) duplexer for terahertz communication and sensing integration, which includes a dielectric substrate, a microstrip stepped impedance filter, varactor diodes, terahertz signal input / output ports, modulation signal input ports, ground ports, and a Y-shaped microstrip transmission line connection. Through the design of distributed parameter circuits, the present invention overcomes the problem of mismatch of the non-magnetic STAR duplexer with lumped parameter circuits at high frequencies. The main structure of the present invention is composed of a microstrip circuit. The ports connecting the external modulation signal and the ground port include lumped element filters. The overall structure is simple and easy to process and integrate.

The application discloses a multi-mode absorbing frequency selective surface with adjustable wave absorbing capacity, which comprises a metal pattern layer, a first dielectric substrate, a metal back plate, a second dielectric substrate and a metal feed line layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the metal pattern layer comprises a plurality of metal unit structures arranged in an array, each metal unit structure comprises a polygonal metal sheet located at the center of the unit, metal bands extending from the periphery of the polygonal metal sheet, and metal arms extending from the four corners of the unit, the metal arms comprise two independent metal structures, the polygonal metal sheet and the metal bands are connected to each other through a first varactor diode, the two independent metal structures are connected to each other through a second varactor diode, and the metal arms in adjacent metal unit structures jointly form a new rotating cross structure. The independent feed line network is built through the metal through hole, so that the structure is divided into two independently regulated parts, and the whole has single and double adjustable wave absorbing modes.