The invention discloses a landfill resistivity irregular factor test and engineering safety warning method and system. The method comprises the following steps that in the whole process of landfill stacking body construction, operation and maintenance period, a data acquiring probe acquires a horizontal resistance signal and a vertical resistance signal of a landfill body which is tested by a landfill; a data acquiring control module calculates a horizontal resistance value and a vertical resistance value of the landfill which is tested by the landfill according to an unbalanced bridge principal; an intelligent control terminal calculates a resistivity irregular factor according to the horizontal resistance value and the vertical resistance value of the tested landfill body, thereby monitoring the change situation of the internal structure of the landfill stacking body in the whole process of construction, operation and maintenance period, and further performing landfill engineering safety warning. The system provided by the invention can be used throughout the construction of the landfill work, and has the advantages of simple and fast operation, continuousness and non-destructiveness, reliable result, low cost, easiness in promotion and the like, and filling the blank of landfill work risk evaluation and engineering safety warning, and has strong promotion and application values.