The invention belongs to the technical field of heterocyclic compounds, and discloses an A-D-A type benzothiadiazole
small molecule, a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises: first, under the condition of shielding from light, respectively reacting benzothiadiazoles with different numbers of
fluorine atoms with an
electron-donating
monomer in the presence of acatalyst in an
organic solvent system under an
inert gas
atmosphere, and finally carrying out
column chromatography purification to prepare a target product. The benzothiadiazole group used in the invention has a certain rigid planar structure and good carrier transport properties, and can form an
acceptor-donor-
acceptor (A-D-A) conjugated structure with an
electron donating group to achieve a lower bandgap, and broaden and enhance
spectral absorption of a material, and the A-D-A type benzothiadiazole
small molecule is used to construct highly efficient
organic solar cell materials. The conjugated
small molecule] has good absorption and suitable
energy level in a visible light range, and is applied to donor materials in an
organic solar cell, and good device efficiency is obtained. The
organic solar cell has a simple preparation process, large-area manufacturing is easy to realize, and the cost is low.